The Manifestations of Sufi Poem and the Light of Spirituality in the Poems Ibn-e- Kenaseh (Case Study: Asceticism and Elegies)

Sufism is regarded as an internal revolution and a mental evolution to perceive the unity of the existence and release from the materialistic world and its belongings. Sufism was first emerged in 2 A.D As time dragged on, the objectives and features of the mental flow emerged to expand it and the tendency of others to this school in poem. In consequence, the Sufi poet's sapped forward to compose their Sufi notions, thus; a new spectrum of poetry came into existence in literature called Sufi poetry. Undoubtedly, this type of poetry was first initiated among the Arab poets right from its emergence and the development of Sufism. However, it has not been well- developed and glorified by the pioneer poets. According to the fact that the Sufi poets had been anonymous and there is no written record of their poem books, researchers did not take steps to elucidate them. Ibn-e- Kenaseh is one of those poets who is less recognized. He lived in Abbasid dynasty. There are traces of Sufism thoughts in his Sufism thoughts. Up to now, researchers have not considered these issues. The authors have done this research based on a descriptive- analytical method to present a new review of asceticism and elegies to the addresses. Therefore, the authors of this research aim to dissect the Sufism thought in the asceticism and elegies of Ibn-e- Kenaseh. In fact, this research has tried to provide the addresses with a broad view of the features of these poems and the way of their emergences and the motifs of the poets. It also ims to identify the position of this anonymous poet among the Sufism poets during Safavide era. This research aims to respond the following questions: 1. How the intentions and subjects of the Sufism poems have emerged in the asceticism and elegies of Ibn-e-Kenaseh? 2. What are the aims and motifs of the poet of composing this type of poem? 3. What are the features of Sufi poetry in the poems of this poet? Conclusions Since the poet had been in the gatherings of the great men of this school, he had realized and comprehended the thoughts of this tendency. He had been affected by the concepts of prominent ones like Ibn-e-Adham, he achieved the glory and perfection of the existence. Hence, the asceticism and elegies of Sufism intensions are apparent in his poems. One of the main concerns of the poet is the arrogance of the boastful ones that has annoyed the Sufi one. He tried to guide those who have lost their way as well as the arrogant ones. Further, such attempts can be traced in his poems. Rasai, the son of the poet, and Yahya, his uncle and disciple express his honest emotions and his delicate spirit. Before, the poet commenced composing Sufism poems, he had experienced and joined the Sufism gatherings and he had learned their doctrines. Being meek and humble to God's will and determination are the prominent specifications of Sufism poetry. This is considered as the attributes of the great men the Prophet (peace upon him). As there are harmony and rhythm in his poems, it is easier to keep in mind the Sufism notions and thoughts. As a result, this type of poetry could be glorified. Hence, another aim of the poet is to expand the doctrines of Islam in the form of Sufism. Considering that Ibn Kenaseh was influenced by the Sufi views and thoughts of Ibrahim Ibn Adham and this figure was one of the first Sufis of the second century AH after Hassan Basri and Uthman Ibn Sharik known as Abu Hisham Kufi, he may be deliberated as one of the first Sufi poets. He considered himself a sect or even the first Sufi poet. Lucidity and clarity and dodging of ambiguity and vagueness and mystery and symbol are also the protruding features of Ibn Kenaseh's poetry in this field. As t Ibn Kenaseh lived in the first centuries of the emergence of Sufi poetry, this type of poetry has not yet developed and has not reached the stage of ambiguity, consequently the absence of Sufi mysteries and vagueness and complexity in his poems is quite natural. Furthermore, the lack of using complex poetic images and difficult metaphors similarly indicate the lack of maturity of Sufi poetry in the poet's era and accordingly in our poet's poetry.