Structural model of academic adjustment based on cognitive load, cognitive flexibility and metacognitive awareness of study strategies, mediating role of social-emotional competence and time perspective

the aim of the present study was to investigate the structural model of academic adjustment based on cognitive load, cognitive flexibility, and metacognitive awareness, with the mediation of social-emotional competence and time perspective. Research method was descriptive ,correlational and structural equation modeling.The statistical population included all high school students of Talesh city in the academic year 2021-2022, which Among them 384 people were selected by accessible sampling method and completed the questionnaires online. The instruments was include Baker & Seriak's academic adjustment scale (1984), Paas, Van Merenboer, Adam's (1994) cognitive load questionnaire, Dennis& Vanderwaal's (2010) cognitive flexibility questionnaire, Mokhtari &Richard's (2002) metacognitive awareness of reading strategies questionnaire, social-emotional competence scale by Ming Ming Zhou& Jesse E. (2012), Zimbardo &Boyd's time perspective questionnaire (1999). The results showed that the conceptual model developed had a good fit with the data. The results of structural equation analysis indicated the significance of the coefficients of the direct path between cognitive load and cognitive flexibility with academic adjustment in the final model. According to the first path, the positive mediating role of social-emotional competence in the relationship between cognitive flexibility and metacognitive awareness It was determined with academic adjustment. In the second path, it was found that the time perspective has a positive role due to cognitive flexibility and metacognitive awareness on academic adjustment. Using strategies to increase cognitive flexibility and metacognitive awareness and reduce undesirable cognitive load can lead to an increase in academic adjustment in students.