Nanotechnology serves the advancement of microbiology: Diagnostic and therapeutic advantages

Today, the nanotechnology science is wide and it has entered nearly all scientific fields. One of the most important applications of nanotechnology is in medicine, especially in diagnosis of microbes (such as bacteria, fungi and viruses) and treatment of the infections caused by them. Yearly, the microbial infections lead to many medical problems such as increased duration of treatment, increased expenses of treatment, drag resistances, and even increased mortality. Since many years ago, antibiotics have been used in treatment of various infections, but unfortunately, their side effects as well as the resistance to them have always been the key problems. Thus, selection of the most suitable detection methods as well as the most appropriate treatment options for various microbial infections may reduce the crisis. It seems that nanotechnology approaches may efficiently help to diagnose many different microbial infections as well as to combat them, particularly the resistant ones, with no side effects currently caused by the traditional antibiotics.