mohammad ahmadi

Breast cancer lymphoscintigraphy is a crucial tool in pre-operative assessment, typically revealing sentinel lymph node drainage patterns within axillary and extra-axillary regions. However, rare cases challenge conventional understanding. We report a 67-year-old woman with breast cancer, where lymphoscintigraphy revealed focal uptake within the falciform ligament of the liver, an exceedingly rare phenomenon. Clinical examination and imaging showed no axillary lymph node involvement. Lymphoscintigraphy and subsequent Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) uncovered two axillary lymph nodes and an atypical focal uptake in the falciform ligament. Histopathology revealed no metastasis in sentinel nodes. The conventional understanding of breast lymphatic drainage primarily involves axillary and extra-axillary pathways, with the falciform ligament rarely implicated. This case suggests a unique lymphatic pathway connecting the breast and liver, possibly influencing metastasis. Factors such as lymphatic obstruction and valvular incompetency may contribute. This case highlights the importance of comprehensive lymphatic mapping in breast cancer evaluation and underscores the need for further research into atypical lymphatic pathways.

 Studies on the prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and the factors associated with its high prevalence among Iranian people are limited. This study evaluated the prevalence of NASH and its associated factors among Iranian adults using Pars Cohort Study (PCS) data.

 This cross-sectional study was conducted based on PCS, which includes 40-75-year-old adults from the Valashahr area. NASH was defined as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) higher than 40 U/L without evidence of hepatitis B or C infections. The prevalence of NASH and its associations with basic and demographic characteristics, socioeconomic characteristics, medical history, gastrointestinal symptoms, and laboratory tests were evaluated.

 Overall, 8734 patients, including 3917 men (44.8%), were enrolled in this study. The mean age of participants was 52.62 years (SD=9.68), and 605 individuals had NASH (6.9%). In the regression analysis, in contrast to female gender (OR=0.31, 95% CI=0.249‒0.386, P<0.001) and age (OR=0.951, 95% CI=0.941‒0.962, P<0.001), history of heart disease (OR=1.499, 95% CI=1.146‒1.962, P=0.003), history of diabetes (OR=1.523, 95% CI=1.162‒1.995, P=0.002), hypertension (OR=1.241, 95% CI=1.023‒1.506, P=0.029), being overweight or obese (OR=2.192, 95% CI=1.755‒2.737, P<0.001), being in the richest or second richest wealth index quantiles (OR=1.315, 95% CI=1.107‒1.156, P=0.002), and increased waist circumference (OR=1.409, 95% CI=1.107‒1.793, P<0.005) were independently associated with a higher risk of having NASH.

 In this study, we determined the prevalence of NASH and found male gender, younger age, history of heart disease, history of diabetes, hypertension, socioeconomic status, and obesity as possible factors associated with a higher risk of NASH among Iranians.

Healthy food consists of beneficial components for health consumer and is free of harmful substances. Acrylamide (2-propenamide), a known carcinogen, is one such harmful substance. Foods like wafers and crackers can become contaminated with acrylamide during the cooking process. The aim of the present study was to measure acrylamide formation in crackers and wafers.

In this study, 64 wafer and cracker samples were prepared (in duplicate), and evaluated for acrylamide content using a GC-MS device.

According to the results, the mean ± SD (minimum-maximum) acrylamide concentration in the samples was 2.648 ± 1.814 (0.132-4.505) mg/kg. The mean ± SD (minimum-maximum) concentration of acrylamide in wafer samples was 3.369 ± 1.735 (0.320-4.505) mg/kg, while in cracker samples, it was 1.446 ± 1.161 (0.132-2.955) mg/kg (p =0.001). Cocoa wafer with cocoa cream had the highest level of contamination among wafers (4.505 ± 0.73 mg/kg), and crispy salty cracker had the highest level of contamination among cracker samples (2.955 ± 0.63 mg/kg).

Since the average concentration of acrylamide exceeded European Union standards, further studies are warranted. Additionally, regulatory standards should be established in Iran to ensure factories adhere to stricter guidelines in this area.

In recent years, there has been extensive research on syntactic complexity in L2 writing. However, a significant research gap remains in understanding the specific association between syntactic complexity measures and the quality of writing among adolescent learners of English as a foreign language (EFL). This research study aimed to bridge this gap by examining the connection between syntactic complexity measures and writing quality in 146 argumentative essays by Iranian-speaking learners of English as a foreign language, as assessed by human raters. Syntactic complexity measures were analyzed through computer programs called L2SCA and TAASSC. Two regression analyses were run to assess the relationship between the predictor and outcome variables. The results revealed that syntactic complexity model explained 35.6% of the variance in the outcome variable (students’ writing scores) with “dependent clauses per T-unit”, “Mean length of T-unit”, “Mean length of clause”, and “complex nominals per T-unit” as the strongest predictors. Also, the combined model accounted for 44.1% of the variance in the outcome variable. The findings from this research offer valuable insights into writing assessment and pedagogy, enabling language educators to design more effective instructional strategies tailored to the specific needs of this learner group.

The mental image of customers of a store plays very important consequences in the survival and competitive advantage of these businesses. The present study also aimed to design and validate the model of customers' mental image of the store with a mixed exploratory approach in the Hyperstar store in Tehran. This research is applied-developmental in terms of purpose, and in terms of its nature and form of implementation, it was done in a descriptive-survey manner. The statistical population of this research includes theoretical experts (professors of marketing management) and experimental experts (managers of Hyperstar stores in Tehran) and customers of Hyperstar stores in Tehran. Sampling was done using theoretical sampling method and finally theoretical saturation was achieved with 10 people. Then the researcher-made questionnaire was randomly distributed among 384 customers. The data collection tools are semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. In order to analyze the expert interviews, the grounded theory method and MaxQDA software were used. Validation of Nair model was done by partial least squares method and SMART PLS software. Based on the research paradigm model, customer experience management, co-creation of value with the customer and customer orientation are the underlying factors affecting the customers' mental image of the store. This mental image affects the branding strategy and internal branding of the store. Of course, it should be kept in mind that the store's social responsibility plays an intervening role in this regard, and the store's marketing mix also provides background conditions. Through branding strategy and internal branding, behavioral consequences such as customer satisfaction, loyalty and trust can be achieved.

The bioactive peptides in the hydrolyzed protein have led to high antioxidant activity and good functional properties in these proteins. The aim of this study was to produce hydrolyzed protein from wheat germ and analyze its antioxidant and functional properties. For this purpose, hydrolyzed wheat germ protein was produced by commercial enzymes alcalase and flavourzyme enzyme (Optimal pH of alcalase activity 8.5, flavourzyme 7) at intervals of 10, 20 and 30 minutes. Degrees of hydrolysis, functional properties including solubility, foaming and emulsifying properties, as well as antioxidant properties including free radical scavenging DPPH and ABTS and ferric reducing power weسre measured. The results showed that the protein hydrolyzed by alcalase had a higher degree of hydrolysis than the enzyme flavourzyme. Also, increasing the hydrolysis time had a positive effect on the mentioned parameters (p <0.05). The highest values of hydrolysis by alcalase were observed in 30 minutes (28.26%) and this treatment had the highest antioxidant activity and functional properties (p <0.05). In general, it can be said that hydrolyzed protein from wheat germ (by alcalase enzyme) has the best functional and antioxidant properties and therefore can be used as a substitute for animal based protein in the diet as well as active ingredients in food formulations.

Pulp and paper industry is a big consumer of energy and water. Its industrial process produces significant amounts of organic effluent with a high chemical oxygen concentration (COD). According to the raw materials used in the process, there are two types of paper production industry: pure pulp and recycled paper. In this work, we focus on the effluent of the recycled paper industry. A large amount of organic waste produced from the recycled paper industry may be converted into biomethane and converted into renewable energy. Different methods for pulp and paper wastewater treatment, physicochemical treatment methods such as (sedimentation and flotation, coagulation and sedimentation, filtration, reverse osmosis, absorption, wet oxidation, ozonation and other advanced oxidation processes) and biological treatment methods such as Anaerobic digestion, aerobic treatment and fungal treatment). Among these techniques, we can mention anaerobic digestion, which is a sustainable process for wastewater treatment. In fact, it significantly reduces the input mass and COD concentration compared to the activated sludge process. This technique has more advantages than aerobic and physicochemical processes, including simplicity of design and less energy requirement. Note that in the case of aerobic treatment, the thick sludge produced in large quantities by wastewater treatment facilities of paper recycling plants is a serious disposal problem that requires an immediate solution, the degradation process is effective compared to conventional aerobic processes, and only 5 It produces up to 10% sludge. This results in significant savings in costs and measures associated with sludge disposal. In addition, UASB digester can be used in small and large scale. Many different types of anaerobic reactors such as high flow anaerobic filter, high flow coated anaerobic sludge (UASB) + partial recirculation, submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SAnMBR) and modified anaerobic baffled reactor (MABR). The most commonly used for industrial and municipal wastewater treatment is the UASB digester, which is operationally stable and energy efficient. UASBreacto is an encouraging system where it is located at the bottom of granular sludge because it can provide relatively high COD removal efficiency and energy production in the form of methane. Due to the low yield of biogas, anaerobic processing of bio sludge has not yet been carried out in pulp mills.

2-1- Setting up and test method Figure 1. shows the experimental setup consisting of an inlet storage buffer tank installed before the UASB digester; The role of the buffer tank is to control and adjust the input physicochemical parameters before feeding to the reactor. A peristaltic pump maintains digester feeding at a flow rate of 0.5 to 4.5 liters per hour. The results of the digester design were 70 liters with a height of 1 meter and a diameter of 0.30 meters. The upper part of the UASB digester includes a gas-liquid-solid separator with a height of 0.30 m. This device allows the recovery of biogas. In order to maintain the mesophilic conditions of the process, a spiral exchanger is fixed inside the digester.Fig. 1. Schematic of a UASB digester, designed to treat wastewater from recycled pulp and paper industry. Fig. 1 Illustrates the designed UASB digester used in this work, influent tank (1), influent feed pump (2), UASB cylinder tank digester (3) with a total volume of 70 L, "solid-liquid-gas" separator (4), including thermostat heating water (5) for mesophilic conditions (37°C) C, effluent tank (6), Gazometer (7), graduated tube (8) for measuring the water volume displaced from the gasometer.The volume of biogas produced during the process is measured using a 16-liter water tank connected to the reactor (Boyle-Marriott tank). The volume of biogas displaces an equal measurable volume of water from the tank. The volume of biogas is expressed in normal conditions (0 °C and 760 mmHg) taking into account the effect of pressure and temperature on a standardized laboratory scale.2-3-1-granular sludge bed The reactor is inoculated with 25 liters of granular sludge. The granular sludge bed used in this experiment is recovered from a full-scale UASB digester. Table 1 shows the characteristics of the granular sludge bed used in this study. Table 1 Physicochemical characteristics of the granular sludge bed

The purpose of monitoring stability parameters is to control and ensure process performance. The main control parameters are: evolution of pH, alkalinity (Alk), volatile fatty acid (VFA), VFA/Alk ratio and chemical oxygen demand (COD).3-1- Stability parameters 3-1-1- Evolution of pH pH is an essential parameter used to control the stability of the anaerobic digestion process. The average value of input and output pH is calculated during the process. The pH fluctuation was in the neutral range, which confirms the correct operation of the process and the stability of the UASB digester. Indeed, several studies reported that most anaerobic bacteria, especially methanogens, increase biogas production in the pH range of 6.5 to 7.5. A previous study on RPMW treatment using a modified anaerobic baffled reactor (MABR), reported that the pH decreased slightly from 7.3 to 6.2 during the process.3-1-2- Evolution of volatile fatty acids Volatile fatty acid content is an essential parameter for monitoring the anaerobic digestion process. Accumulation of VFA causes displacement of bicarbonate to dissolved CO2, and CO2 partially passes into the gas phase. Their accumulation in the digester leads to organic overload and acidification of the digester content, which leads to process failure. Several studies show that organic overload in digesters is due to VFA accumulation, and often acetate accumulates first, the total VFA concentration increases slightly or steadily.

It is predicted that UASB digester granules are effective in converting organic matter from wastewater to biogas. The reactor seems to support high organic loads; Also, this technique is an excellent opportunity to exploit the economic benefits of the energy produced from this process, which can contribute to the development of more efficient and sustainable systems.

Currently, the expansion of information technology and the explosion of information has led to an increasing attention to neuromarketing. Therefore, the continuous analysis of the internal and external environment of the organization and the continuous interpretation of the information received from the environment will have a great impact on the future decisions of the managers for the greater success of the organization. One of the important resources of the organizations to achieve this goal is the development of the competitive advantage of sustainable production. Therefore, the current research prioritizes the effective factors of neural marketing techniques in sustainable production in Iran's food industry using the fuzzy DANP method.

The current research is considered to be applied in terms of purpose and descriptive survey in terms of data collection. Using the purposeful sampling method, 15 experts were selected as sample members. Fuzzy Delphi, Fuzzy Dematel and Fuzzy DANP techniques were used to analyze the data. In this research, in the first stage, the effective factors of neuromarketing techniques in the sustainable production of Iran's food industry were identified. And then, in the second stage, the importance of the factors was determined, and in the third stage, the alternatives were ranked.

The findings showed that the effective factors in choosing neuromarketing techniques in sustainable production include: cost, accuracy, usefulness, time saving, information quality, biases, memory search and emotions, and the alternatives are: advertising, product development, pricing , branding, product design, customer decision-making, investment in capacity building, growth and development strategy, implementation of green strategy, environmental strategies, more energy saving. The four most important criteria include: information quality (0.155), usefulness (0.148), memory search and emotions (0.145) and biases (0.143). Also, four high priority options include: customer decision-making (0.116), implementation of green strategy (0.108), investment in capacity building (0.107) and branding (0.103). Therefore, it can be said that nowadays consumers are more interested in buying sustainable products and are willing to pay for sustainable products because of their benefits in reducing socio-ecological problems.

Building construction on slopes is inevitable, despite many limitations. Due to the seismicity of Iran, calculating the seismic bearing capacity of foundations is more important. The construction along a slope has been observed to result in a reduction in the bearing capacity. To mitigate this decrease, various improvement techniques, such as soil reinforcements like geogrids, can be employed to partially offset this reduction. The present study investigates the impact of ground slope (10 and 20 degrees) on the bearing capacity of granular soils with varying internal friction angles (25, 30, 35, 40, and 45 degrees) in both seismic and static conditions. This investigation employs the finite element limit analysis method and OptumG2 software to determine the upper and lower bounds of the bearing capacity. The findings indicate that the implementation of kh=0.1 leads to a reduction in the seismic bearing capacity of the foundation, ranging from 2 to 12 percent. The effective length of the geogrid is contingent upon the internal friction angle of the soil and varies within the range of 2B to 3B. Additionally, the study revealed that the optimal distance between the footing and the slope edge (X/B) is influenced by the internal friction angle, with a significantly bigger impact than the slope angle. The optimal distance (X) was estimated to lie within 2B to 4B for internal friction angles of 25, 30, and 35 degrees. Conversely, for internal friction angles of 40 and 45 degrees, the X value was assessed to be no less than 5B.

The monotheistic verses of the Qur'an are being analyzed from different aspects, one of which is how the Qur'an confronts its audience in the issue of Monotheism. The Qur'an has put forth certain principles to communicate with its audience in monotheistic teachings and to create a basis for accepting these teachings. Through examining and collecting the verses related to Monotheism, all of them may be classified under three general principles: the principle of describing facts, the principle of awakening based on divine signs, and the principle of reference to nature. Regarding describing the facts, the Qur'an describes the teachings and functions of signs, instead of arguing about monotheistic teachings and answering the doubts related to them. In the principle of awakening based on divine signs, the Qur'an invites human beings to reflect on these phenomena, by expressing universal and personal phenomena and reminding their order, finality, and inherent poverty and need. In the principle of referring to nature, the Qur'an, to awake the divine nature of man, directs him to this divine nature so that he can find the works of his Lord in the world and within himself. In this research, these principles are discussed and analyzed based on the descriptive-analytical method regarding the Qur'anic verses.Keywords: Monotheism, Divine Knowledge, Description of God, Awakening Based on Signs, NatureThe monotheistic verses of the Qur'an are being analyzed from different aspects, one of which is how the Qur'an confronts its audience in the issue of Monotheism. The Qur'an has put forth certain principles to communicate with its audience in monotheistic teachings and to create a basis for accepting these teachings. Through examining and collecting the verses related to Monotheism, all of them may be classified under three general principles: the principle of describing facts, the principle of awakening based on divine signs, and the principle of reference to nature. Regarding describing the facts, the Qur'an describes the teachings and functions of signs, instead of arguing about monotheistic teachings and answering the doubts related to them. In the principle of awakening based on divine signs, the Qur'an invites human beings to reflect on these phenomena, by expressing universal and personal phenomena and reminding their order, finality, and inherent poverty and need. In the principle of referring to nature, the Qur'an, to awake the divine nature of man, directs him to this divine nature so that he can find the works of his Lord in the world and within himself. In this research, these principles are discussed and analyzed based on the descriptive-analytical method regarding the Qur'anic verses.

Syntactic complexity (SC) is an important construct for gauging L2 writing proficiency. Previous studies, including Biber et al. (2016) and Dong et al. (2023), have largely focused on syntactic elaboration and disregarded syntactic diversity. This study investigates how academic writing proficiency is associated with SC, through an evaluation of both the variety and elaboration of sentence structures. To that end, a corpus of the abstract sections of MA theses, PhD dissertations, and empirical research articles in applied linguistics produced by Iranian English medium academic writers was compiled. Drawing on automated text analysis tools (Stanford Core NLP and L2 SC analyzer), we measured syntactic elaboration and diversity of the texts written by three distinct sets of academic authors. The results indicated that phrasal and global measures of syntactic elaboration significantly predicted academic writing proficiency in both novice and expert writers. The results of the second phase of the study indicated that the incorporation of syntactic diversity measure considerably increased the predictive power of the model. The pedagogical implications of the findings for academic writing instruction through consciousness-raising activities for both novice and expert writers are discussed.

This study aimed to introduce a beneficial cream containing Glycyrrhiza glabra extract/Malva mucilage, and Lactobacillus plantarum within 60 days of storage. First, Lactobacillus plantarum was coated with sodium alginate, and with Malva mucilage coated again. After the whipped cream was prepared, probiotic microcapsules (107 cfu/g) were added. Finally, dried Glycyrrhiza glabra extract (0, 5, 10, and 15%) and the Malva mucilage (0, 5, 10, and 15%) were added to the treatments to replace sugar and fat, respectively. In total, seven phenolic, flavonoid, and quercetin compounds including gentisic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, luteolin, apigenin, and sinapic acid were detected at the same concentration, and 20 µg/mL in licorice extract. The addition of licorice extract and Malva mucilage decreased the amount of total sugar, calories, and fat in treatments (p<0.05). Microbial contamination (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, mold, and yeast) was not observed in all groups during 60 days (p>0.05). The probiotic survival results showed that the addition of licorice extract and Malva mucilage increased the survival of probiotic bacteria during 60 days (p<0.05). Sensory evaluation showed that high percentages of licorice extract (15%) and mucilage of Malva plant (15%) were not accepted by sensory evaluators. However, the sample of 10% licorice extract and 10 mucilage of Malva plant along with microcapsules were well accepted by consumers. This treatment is introduced as the best example of the study, which can show its beneficial effects on the consumer within 45 days with the highest sensory evaluation.

Common energy fields are one of the defining poles of energy diplomacy between countries. Iran's role with 28 common oil and gas fields in the Middle East, the world's fastest energy pole and the largest source of oil and gas, is very decisive. Among Iran's neighbors, Iraq is very important with the largest number of common fields. This study presented a qualitative and quantitative project risk assessment using a risk assessment matrix and the expected monetary value risk analysis to identify the most important risks of joint oil field projects. Accordingly, the two scenarios of the contract for the partnership in the production of the Sepehr and Jafir oil fields are compared with the oil contract for the buyback of the North Azadegan field by calculating the Expected Monetary Value for each Decision Tree Path. As a result, it is observed that by considering the risks obtained from the calculations of the risk assessment matrix in each contract, and also with the equal risk share, the production sharing contract has an expected monetary value equal to 7.228 billion dollars. This option also includes the lowest investment risk for National Oil. Also, by using the risk assessment matrix, we found that political conflicts are the largest share of risk and a deterrent to the development of oil fields, and the willingness of large oil companies to invest in Iraqi oil facilities confirms that the importance of political conflicts is much greater than lack of physical infrastructure risk.

Compliance with the principles of food safety and hygiene is very important in the entire chain of production, storage, transportation and supply of food to ensure the safety and suitability of food to ensure the health of consumers. Therefore, a study was conducted to determine the status of indicators and prerequisite programs for health and food safety in the fruit and vegetable fields of Tehran in 2022.

A descriptive-analytical study on 67 fruit and vegetable centers in Tehran city regarding the status of indicators and prerequisite programs for food safety and hygiene, such as the condition of buildings and facilities, employee training, employee health, food quality control, control of environmental pests, waste disposal and work environment hygiene were done. First, a questionnaire was prepared and its validity was confirmed by the opinion of five experts, as well as its reliability tool with Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.87, then the questionnaire was completed and the necessary data was recorded. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software.

The results showed that the favorable condition of buildings and facilities, employee education, employee health, food quality control, environmental pest control, waste disposal and workplace hygiene were 67.16%, 26.85%, 50.20%,67.91%, 43.65%, 58.39% and 63.11%, respectively. So the indicators of building and facilities, food quality control, food consumption and work environment with an average of more than a percentage are acceptable. However, the indicators of care education and combating environmental chastity have been evaluated as unfavorable

Knowing the status of indicators and prerequisite programs for food safety and hygiene in the fruit and vegetable fields of Tehran city can help to improve food safety and health. Also, the desirability of indicators of buildings and facilities, food quality control, waste disposal and workplace hygiene affect the supply and distribution of healthy food. It is also recommended to pay more attention to raising the level of education in the care and methods of environmental pest control in fruit and vegetable fields.

The current research seeks to identify the meanings, concepts, implications and indicators of measuring educational efficiency to describe, analyse, compare and evaluate the ruling policies and ideologies among schools, especially government and non-government high schools, and the consequences and solutions faced accordingly.  It considers the policy of privatization of schools.  This qualitative research is a descriptive meta-analysis and a systematic review.  The statistical population of the research includes 72 selected articles in the field of factors related to educational efficiency and educational justice between government and non-government high schools, after review, 25 of them were described, analyzed and compared.  The data of the research was collected by referring to the quarterly journal of the fields of education and training, the comprehensive portal of humanities, the scientific information base of academic Jihad, Iran Dog. They showed that the concept of educational justice in non-government high schools compared to government high schools means equal enjoyment in terms of educational access, educational facilities, and the functioning of the educational system, although it has worked well in the fields of education, management, and social opportunities, but education as an economic commodity in other cultural and social fields has led to the emergence and continuation of class and social gap between people. If the background and capabilities of low-income people are not paid attention to and these people do not have equal opportunities to participate in government positions for policymaking in the social and cultural fields, in the future we can witness the occurrence of damages and social issues to compensate for the lost opportunities.  It was from this group of people in the society.

Empirical sciences and modern human achievements have been mentioned as one of the tools to reach the meaning of the Qurʾānic verses. Some Qurʾānic commentators and researchers have considered verse 33 of Surah al-Raḥmān to be one of the scientific miracles of the Qurʾān. This view can be disputed from two perspectives. The precision in the meaning of the words of the verse indicates that the word «نفوذ» literally means "exit"; and its use in ascending to the sky is a new application and caused by a neglect of the original meaning of this substance, which was formed under the influence of human achievements in the field of contemporary cosmic sciences. Because in the usages of the Qurʾān, the two roots «عرج» and «صعد» are used to ascend to the sky. On the other hand, paying attention to the inner context of the mentioned verse indicates that the meaning of the verse is to weaken and show the weakness of jinns and humans against Allah's power and not leaving them from the divine dominion. Also, by reflecting on the verses before and after verse 33 of Surah al-Raḥmān and their relationship with each other, it becomes clear that the context of these verses is related to the conditions of the Day of Judgment and the reckoning on that day; and the meaning of the verses is to express the encirclement and dominion of Almighty Allah over jinns and humans.

The research was conducted with the aim of discovering and analyzing the conditions and contexts related to the balance between work and life of women in Sanandaj. The research is a qualitative study, and in its implementation method, the grounded theory approach is used. The research objectives were obtained through exploration and understanding, the statistical population, the married working women of Sanandaj city, 20 of them were investigated through theoretical saturation by means of purposeful and snowball sampling. Semi-structured and in-depth interviews were used to collect data with maximum diversity, the duration of each interview was one hour and the data collection process took one month, which were analyzed with open, central and selective coding methods. Data analysis showed that the conditions and contexts related to the balance between work and life in the form of 53 concepts and 16 subcategories (emotional relationship with spouse, sense of security, financial well-being, social status, suitable job, education, support of spouse, support of children, support of those around you, job motivation, suitable salary, job security, organizational support, work flexibility, opportunity to use capabilities, satisfaction with the group) and 4 main categories (peace of mind, social base, receiving social support, satisfaction) occupation) and a core category (satisfactory effort) were obtained and summarized. This study showed that establishing a balance between work and life improves the quality of work, maternal duties, and the quality of life of working women, and the themes obtained in the findings are effective in improving them.

Considering the high seismicity of Iran, the study of seismic force's effects on the foundations' bearing capacity is always of interest to researchers. The current study investigated the bearing capacity of a shallow foundation reinforced with geogrid using the limit analysis method in static and seismic modes. The Optum G2 software is used for this purpose. An attempt has been made to calculate the static and seismic bearing capacity of the foundation by conducting a parametric study on the geogrid length (1B, 2B, 3B, 4B and 5B), geogrid burial depth (0.1B, 0.2B, 0.5B, 0.7B, 0.9B, 1.1B and 1.8B), geogrid layers distance (0.1B, 0.2B, 0.4B, 0.6B and 0.8B) and the number of geogrid layers (1, 2, 3 and 4). Also, these analyses were performed on different internal friction angles of sandy soil (25, 30, 35 and 40 degrees) and various foundation depths (0, 0.3B and 0.5B). The results show that the effective length of geogrid is estimated to be between 2B and 3B. Also, the geogrid's maximum effective depth is between 0.7B and 1.1B. The optimal distance of geogrid layers was estimated between 0.2B and 0.6B. Also, the optimal number of geogrid layers varies from 2 to 4, depending on the soil's internal friction angle and the foundation's burial depth. The seismic bearing capacity of the foundation estimated to be less than the static condition, and the percentage decrease of the seismic bearing capacity of the foundation compared to the static mode was varied between 7% and 20%.

Due to the trend of population growth, the need to produce more potatoes by improving agricultural management is inevitable. One of the important challenges in agriculture is the management of weeds that, if not controlled, can lead to the destruction of agricultural products and decrease the productivity of agricultural lands. The use of chemical pesticides in agriculture in addition to being able to harm human and animal health, but also lead to environmental pollution and weed resistance to pesticides. For this reason, searching for non-chemical methods of weed management is of particular importance. Today, many believe that the key to successful weed control, especially in sustainable agricultural systems, is the use of cultivars with high competitive ability. This experiment was carried out in 1400-1401 and 1401-1402 on potato plant as a split plot in 3 replications. The first factor was the cultivation of three different potato varieties (Agria, Jely and Lady Rosetta) and the second factor included 5 types of management (complete weeding, rye cover crop, clover cover crop, paraquat herbicide and control). In total, rye, paraquat and clover treatments reduced the dry weight of weeds by 53.63%, 2.40% and 48.36%, respectively. Potato tuber yield increased by 63.75%, 53.21%, 47% and 1.72% in weeding, rye, clover and paraquat treatments compared to the control. According to the results, it was said that cover plants appeared effectively in reducing the density of weeds. The speed of height increase and the percentage of cover were also different in all three cultivars. In the trait of height Agria > Jeli > Lady Rosetta and in the percentage of cover Lady Rosetta > Agria > Jeli appeared.

Due to the importance of buried pipelines, as one of the types of lifelines, it is necessary to consider all possible seismic hazards in their operation. Settlement and lateral spreading caused by liquefaction are among these risks. In this research, their effects have been investigated using two series of 1-g shaking table tests. Results show that the maximum displacement applied to the pipe occurs during the shake is greater than the residual displacement after the shake. Also, by investigating the shear stress-shear strain curves (hysteresis loop), the reduction of shear stiffness due to the shake was observed. After liquefaction occurs, the soil loses its shear strength and the slope starts to move downstream. It is observed that the contribution of cyclic strains due to ground vibration is far less than the contribution of strain due to monotonic displacement. According to the findings of this research, the deformation of the pipe is less than the settlement of the ground due to the liquefaction.

 Evidence, especially in the last two decades, indicates the effect of social factors on health. Social determinants of health (SDH) are the environmental conditions in which people are born, live, grow, educate, work, and age.

 Hence, this study intended to identify the SDH of the reproductive age women's sexual health dimensions.

 To conduct this scoping review, the researchers searched the databases, including PubMed, Medline, ProQuest, Cochrane Library, Web of Sciences, Scientific Information Database (SID), and Magiran, disregarding language limit. They searched the original observational articles (cohort, cross-sectional, case-control) on social determinants of reproductive age women's sexual health, assessing at least one social determinant of health for sexual health between January 2010 and January 2023.

 A total of 4704 articles were extracted in the initial review; however, 30 entered the scoping review. The results revealed that the social determinants of reproductive age women's sexual health in different societies are socioeconomic status (socio-economic constraints, economic gradient, poverty, lack of food at home, homelessness, low prospects, and poor educational and job outlook), personal determinants (age, gender, religious affiliation, marital status, education level, employment/unemployment status, economic status, age at the first sex, age over 40, dissatisfaction with the sexual potency of the spouse, high body mass index, partners' sexual education, sexual intimacy, relationship duration, frequent contact with a given partner, perceived social support, and perceived safe sex norms), social support (social networks of peers, friends, and family, emotional support and strong attachments to families), neighborhood, violence, addiction, migration, stress, early life experiences, and education that can affect different sexual health dimensions. The sexual health dimensions encompass sexual function, sexual satisfaction, risky sexual behaviors, receiving sexual health services, condom use, and forced sexual behavior.

 Considering each person's conditions and needs, health policymakers and health services providers should evaluate the various dimensions of the SDH to promote women's sexual health. Moreover, they should plan and implement the required strategies to eliminate the identified obstacles.

Acinetobacter baumannii strains harboring Meallobetalactamases (MBL) pose a significant threat in the context of nosocomial infections. The present investigation was undertaken with the objective of devising a Multiplex PCR methodology for the concurrent detection of MBL genes within A. baumannii strains prevalent in Tehran City, Iran.

Between October 2020 and February 2021, 100 strains of A. baumannii were procured from burn specimens of hospitalized patients at Motahhari Hospital in Tehran. The identification of A. baumannii strains involved conventional biochemical techniques, coupled with confirmation of the presence of the bla OXA-51 gene. Antibiotic susceptibility was assessed using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion test. MBL-producing strains were characterized through a phenotypic approach employing the combined disk test, alongside Multiplex PCR for the simultaneous identification of bla VIM, bla IMP, bla GIM, and bla NDM genes. Statistical analyses were conducted using the chi-square test, with SPSS version 20.0 employed for data processing.

Among 100 strains examined, 96.1% exhibited positivity for MBL, as determined by the combined disk test. The study revealed a predominance of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains, with colistin demonstrating the highest level of sensitivity. The genotypic assay unveiled that Multiplex PCR identified bla VIM, bla NDM, and bla IMP in 20 strains, bla VIM and bla NDM in 30 strains, and exclusively the bla NDM gene in 45 strains. Notably, the Multiplex PCR technique exhibited the capacity to concurrently detect MBL genes (bla VIM, bla IMP, bla GIM, bla NDM) in 2 strains.

The current investigation underscores prevalence of the bla NDM gene within clinical strains of A. baumannii. Furthermore, Multiplex PCR emerges as a robust and highly sensitive technique for rapid discernment of the MBL genes within in A. baumannii strains.

Social health in its broadest sense is described by the quantity and quality of human performance in social interactions and positive and negative evaluations of this type of behavior by others. The purpose of the present research is to present a descriptive and analytical model of indicators and metrics that determine social health among the elderly based on the studies of the last decade.

In the present study, the qualitative method of descriptive meta-analysis and systematic review was used. The statistical population of the current research includes 67 selected studies, in this study 26 of them were selected and described, analyzed and compared due to their suitability and relevance to the topic. Collecting information in this study based on the checklist for selecting research studies, through a regular review search in the publications of Gerontology, IRANIAN of AGEING, Social Welfare, social health, Social Development and Welfare Planning, as well as the database of the comprehensive portal of humanities, the scientific information center of academic jihad and Google Scholar occurred.

According to the findings of this research, in most of the studies conducted in the last decade, the unit of analysis has been the elderly, and in most cases, the survey method has been used to collect data. Also, Keyes' theory of social health in relation to social determinants such as House and Fleming-Baum's social support and interactions, Zaff's quality of life, Gidden's social security and Bourdieu's social capital has been the dominant research guide, among the factors mentioned are social support and interactions and its indicators. Compared to other components, they have had a significant impact on the social health of the elderly.

An overview of the studies carried out in the last decade revealed that although the assessment of the social health status based on Keyes' five model is the most decisive in the studies, this model has not been able to provide an analytical model - a detailed description of the assessment of the social health status of the elderly compared to other groups based on background variables. such as age, gender, occupation, education, residence, income, etc. ; Therefore, it is recommended by researchers and policymakers to provide a new and comprehensive model for research and policy making in the field of social health of the elderly.

The Caspian region's strategic investment potential, energy reserves, and geo-economic significance have garnered attention from both regional and global powers. Among these, China, a trans-regional force, has displayed a keen interest in the region, employing a strategic blend of economic and energy diplomacy. By prioritizing the implementation of the One Belt - One Road initiative for investments and application, and subsequently emphasizing energy diplomacy, China has sought to bolster its economic diplomacy in the Caspian region. This article delves into China's economic diplomacy approach in the Caspian region, particularly concentrating on Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, and Azerbaijan. Employing a mixed-methods research approach encompassing both qualitative and quantitative analysis, this study examines the pivotal success factors underpinning China's diplomatic efforts in the region. The investigation reveals that China's economic diplomacy hinges on the One Belt - One Road initiative, with energy diplomacy integral to its execution. Notably, the foundation of China's successful diplomatic model lies in the cultivation of mutual trust and the pursuit of mutually beneficial outcomes.

Bad consequences and clarification of its factors, relying on religious teachings and analyzing the process of death, is one of the important topics within the realm of religion. In the verses and traditions, numerous factors that lead to bad consequences have been explicitly mentioned. Among these narrations, there are narrations in which the expression "died as a Jew or a Christian" is used. The scope of the application of this interpretation includes some religious principles and branches and committing some sins. The collective of these narrations indicates that factors such as the denial of the supposed Imam, persecution of Amir al-Mu'minin (AS), abandoning prayer, abandoning zakat, abandoning Hajj, and killing a believer lead to bad consequences and death among Jews or Christians. The role of these factors in the bad consequences of man is not the same, and each of them affects individuals differently, so that some lead to eternity in torment, and in others, the hope of salvation, although After enduring the fire of hell, it is imagined. This article, with a descriptive-analytical method, seeks to know the factors of the bad consequences according to the traditions in which the expression "Jewish or Christian death" is mentioned. Therefore, the understanding of these factors is important as they are closely related to human happiness. This article, with a descriptive-analytical method, seeks to know the factors of the bad consequences according to the traditions in which the expression "died as a Jew or a Christian" is mentioned.