Identifying Different Dimensions of Spiritual Health Affecting Physical Health Rehabilitation in Patients with COVID-19: A Qualitative Study

The dimensions of human existence typically encompass the physical, social, and psychological aspects. However, researchers have discovered that to enhance overall health, individuals also require the inclusion of a fourth dimension: spiritual health. This study aims to identify different dimensions of spiritual health affecting physical health rehabilitation in patients with COVID-19. This qualitative research used the thematic analysis method based on an interpretive-constructive paradigm. The participants included 22 patients with COVID-19 quarantined at home and treated by home medical service institutions. Data for the study were collected through semi-structured interviews, while the analysis of the collected data employed Brown and Clark's six-step method. Through an iterative process of continuous interaction and data reduction, 200 concepts or codes, 22 sub-themes, and six overarching themes (or main themes) emerged. Based on the findings of this study, various aspects of the attitude toward spiritual health were found to improve the health of people affected by COVID-19. These dimensions encompass six main themes: "God-centered", "self-improvement", "spiritual lifestyle", "religious alienation", "spiritualism" and "spiritual well-being". These themes stem from the spiritual health of the individuals. Given the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, it is notable that spiritual tools played a significant role in promoting the recovery of individuals' health and spiritual well-being. Therefore, it becomes feasible to incorporate spiritual health interventions alongside conventional treatments for disease management. Additionally, it is crucial to prioritize training both healthcare staff and patients in this regard.