Liberalism in Iran ; from the Birth of a Current to the Islamic Revolution

One of the intellectual and political currents in contemporary Iran is the current of liberalism. This idea entered Iran as a transit branch from the West, shortly before the constitutional period, and with the victory of the constitutional movement, the liberal current was practically born in Iran. In this regard, the course of developments and the extent of the impact of this intellectual-practical school in the history of contemporary Iran, has always been one of the most controversial areas in the study of the history of political developments and political sociology in Iran.On the other hand, the historical period of 1953 to 1979 is one of the important historical periods in which the set of developments and arrangement of forces and intellectual-political currents involved, led to the glorious Islamic Revolution of Iran. This article intends to study the historical background, as well as the arrangement of forces and organizations carrying liberal thought in the period 1953 to 1979, to analyze the situation of this trend in these years by descriptive-analytical method and flow model.The result was that the current of liberalism had many ups and downs after the coup of 19 August 1953. . What has a special appearance is the birth of a special form of liberalism which, although there were traces of it during the constitutional movement and after it, but in practice with the formation of the National Resistance Movement and specifically the Freedom Movement that has objectively manifested in Iranian society.