Comparative study of social structures in the works of Zaydri Nesavi and Najib Mahfouz Based on Goldman's structuralist theories

Developmental structuralism in the sociology of literature is one of the new branches in contemporary literary research that sociologist and literary philosophers such as Lucien Goldman and his intellectual leader, George Lukács, have relied on this axis, and according to it, the dialectic of the attitude governing the author and the historical, social space Along with political economy, generalist criteria are proposed in terms of developmental structuralism and literary sociology.
Naftah al-Masdoor by Zaydari Nesavi is one of the important literary works and a part of historical and social documents in Persian literature, which has survived since the 7th century, coinciding with the end of the Khwarezmshah era and the beginning of the Mongol era. The works of Najib Mahfouz, the famous Egyptian writer and winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1988, are also about the type of social life of contemporary people and It is the rule of foreigners over his country and economic and cultural poverty.
In the current research, relying on the descriptive-analytical method and research based on the comparative school, the comparative analysis of the works of Zaydari Nesavi, especially Nafetha al-Masdur and Najib Mahfouz, has been discussed with Goldman's structuralist view. The results of the research show that Zaydri Nesvi and Najib Mahfouz were not indifferent to the social, political and economic issues of the society of their time in their works and they tried to reach the realities of the society by showing the social