Theoretical explanation of the economic factors affecting public participation in internal security

Ensuring the security and cohesion of a nation is a fundamental and crucial concern for any governing system. Civic participation in maintaining security is a key factor influenced by various elements, including economic factors. This study aims to identify the economic indicators that affect public participation in domestic security based on theoretical foundations and research. To achieve this goal, a qualitative approach based on the integrative review method was employed. The researcher gathered information by systematically reviewing domestic and international studies, extracting articles related to economic factors affecting public participation in national security. In total, 152 final studies were examined, and 26 economic indicators affecting public participation in domestic security across six dimensions—economic, law enforcement, political, social, cultural, and environmental—were identified. The analyses reveal that government efforts to control inflation, reduce poverty and social inequality, economic empowerment, income distribution, financial corruption control, and economic transparency, as well as strengthening the private sector to stimulate production and workforce, are among the economic factors that significantly impact the level of civic participation in establishing and maintaining domestic security. The theoretical model of these factors is presented in this study.