crisis communications; Studying the news coverage of natural crises (earthquakes and floods) in Afghanistan in a recent decade (2013to 2023)

The purpose of this research is to "study the news coverage of Afghanistan's natural crises in the last decade" with the aim of identifying the strengths and weaknesses of media coverage of natural crises in this country. In this research, quantitative content analysis method has been used. The statistical population of this research is 10 nationwide and popular media in Afghanistan, and a total of 612 news articles have been analyzed using the researcher's code. Based on the results of this study, the main approach of the media with 92.5% is pure "information" and only in some private and party media, the approach of "critical", "investigative", etc. was observed. The format of presentation of content in these media is "news" and "short news" and "report", "article", "interview" and "scientific-educational content" are not given enough attention. Considering the importance of providing information about the needs of those affected by the crisis, the results of this research show that in more than 80% of the materials, almost no needs are mentioned. The few news and materials that have been published about the needs of the victims have mainly referred to the basic needs such as water, food and shelter. The orientation of the "government", "party" and "private" media in relation to the government's performance in crisis management is almost the same, and only in some party media, a few news and critical reports with a negative orientation have been observed.