Personality Analysis of Malik-Ashtar and Amr ibn al-As in Nahj al-Balaghah based on Girouard's Social Semiotics

Due to the social nature of human beings, the foundations of his personality are formed in society. The activist manifests these principles through behavior and speech in various social, political, religious, cultural, ethical, historical, and economic fields. In this way, the framework of the individual's relationship with others is formed. Therefore, knowing personality dimensions play a significant role in creating behavioral and speech patterns. Social semiotics has a two-way view of human beings and their social relationships and is a knowledge for decoding personality's hidden and complicated dimensions. Nahj al-Balaghah is one of the richest sources that looks at different aspects of personality dimensions; therefore, the present essay aims to investigate the positive and negative personality traits of "Malek-Ashtar and Amr ibn al-As" in Nahj al-Balaghah with a social semiotic approach. Perfectionism is a common goal in two personality dimensions, with the difference that Malik Ashtar's actions to achieve this goal are based on his religious identity and pious tendencies, but Amr ibn al-As sees perfection in acquiring worldly values.