Dietary effect of molasses supplement on some hematological indices of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to titanium oxide nanoparticles

The use of dietary supplements plays an essential role in enhancing fish consumer safety. On the other hand, the presence of nanoparticles affects the physiological status of fish and decreases their immune function. Therefore, the use of safety stimuli such as molasses may be necessary. The present study was performed to assess the hematological indices of molasses-fed common carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to titanium nanoparticles. Accordingly, 250 fish with a mean weight of 20±0.62 g was divided and fed for 42 days in four treatments, diet without molasses (treatment 1), diet containing 0.5% molasses (treatment 2), 1% molasses (treatment 3) and 2% molasses (treatment 4). At the end of the feeding period, each group received 50% lethal concentration of nano-titanium for 14 days. Blood samples were taken to measure blood levels at the end of the experiment. The results of the present study showed that with increasing molasses diet, the number of white blood cells significantly increased and also in the molasses treatments exposed to nano-titanium, there was also a significant increase in the number of white blood cells. Red blood cells, hematocrit and hemoglobin increased in molasses-fed diets and this trend was increased with increasing molasses concentration in diets and was significantly different from control group (p<0.05). The conclusion of this study showed that blood monocyte levels decreased in nano-titanium and molasses combination treatments. So, molasses in combination with nano-titanium has been able to improve undesirable lesions. Also, the number of blood lymphocytes in nano-titanium and molasses combination treatments increased, which means molasses in combination with nano-titanium could improve the reduction effect of nano-titanium.