‘Culture-led regeneration’ is a principle approach to the contemporary urban regeneration process. During last two decades, many of the European, American and even Asian cities, especially those subjected to the decline of deindustrialization have adopted the cultural approach as a way of rejuvenating their economical mechanisms and giving a better image to their global spectators. The idea that culture can be employed as a driver for urban economic growth has become part of the new attitude by which cities seek to enhance their competitive position. By letting a large number of economies, later renowned as creative industries, flourishing, cities all around the world, has gained a great deal of reputation all along with experiencing considerable economic prosperity. Such developments reflect not only the rise to prominence of the cultural sphere in the contemporary urban economy, but how the meaning of culture has been redefined to include new uses in order to meet social, economic and political objectives. In the literature from the late 1980s, from which the idea of ‘culture-led’ regeneration as a policy concept began to emerge, we find a bifurcation of the language of artistic value: one trajectory remains within the hermetic world of ‘the arts’, with its own historical and philosophical traditions; the other trajectory heads into a direct engagement with the socio-urban context. It is this latter trajectory this article is concerned with, and within this trajectory one would find a struggle to present ‘culture’ as a socially credible framework of validation. As the struggle between redevelopment and conservation has made a long history of confrontation and preference that incorporates the big city redevelopment plans and rapid vanishing of historical structures in cities, culture has led to a more appropriate solution and has presented a variety of activities that could find their place in the inner core and historical fabrics of cities and gain benefit while keeping the urban heritage viable and intact. Through the process of culture-led regeneration, newly made buildings and architectural structures may be added to the whole setting in a gradual and context-friendly manner. These structures would help the system accomplish its economic task more sufficiently as they show a better and more harmonious image of the previously abandoned and distressed areas, making a powerful identity for the city and the region. The fact that it could be possible to gain profit in a historical and conservative framework has convinced the market to make investments in new economies and creative industries. This article is a tentative to explore some basic concepts of culture-led regeneration and make the approach theoretically clear. The success of cultural approach in regeneration has been so immense that it seems absolutely inevitable to get more acquainted with this approach in the field of urban regeneration. The basics of culture-led regeneration have been listed and explained through the article and as a primary step it may be helpful to clarify the theoretical aspects which would be afterwards the keystones for the adaptation of this approach in a different and more indigenous context.

Historical regions of cities are important urban spaces which are valuable architectural legacy,This research is a quantitative research based on the type of data collected and analyzed, and in terms of the type of approach to the problem under study and its entry into it, it is a field study. In this research, the survey technique has been used And field (questionnaire) has been extracted for this purpose by referring directly to statistical centers and statistics; Books, articles and dissertations available in the libraries of different universities have provided comprehensive information for the research and then the research has been completed through the field studies questionnaire. Due to the existence of historical context in the city of Isfahan; the study area of the present article is a part of the historical context of Isfahan that is worn out. The study area of the present study is due to the location of the primary core of Isfahan. The presence of historical index elements in region 3 (Naghsh Jahan neighborhood) and in region 1 (Darb-e-Kushk neighborhood) has been selected. The statistical population of the study includes people living in the worn-out area of Naghsh Jahan neighborhood and the door of the pavilion. Based on Cochran sampling, 374 residents of these two neighborhoods were selected as a sample and interviewed. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, the questions of which were prepared based on the Likert scale 33 questions of this questionnaire have been prepared to measure the regeneration of the base culture and 55 questions of the questionnaire have been prepared to measure and evaluate the indicators of sustainable tourism development and 21 questions have been prepared to evaluate the modifying components. the opinions of 30 professors and competent experts have been used to assess the content validity and the reliability of the research tool was calculated using Cronbach's alpha test. Using version 26 of SPSS Cronbach's alpha software, the value of 0.935 was calculated. To analyze the relationships between indicators and to discover the effect of each factor on the independent and dependent variable, PLS path modeling has been used with the help of Smart PLS software.Considering the values of path coefficients that represent the standardized beta in regression or correlation coefficient of two structures. According to the internal or structural model of the research, the form component with a path coefficient of 0.936 has the greatest impact on the regeneration of the base culture in the study area and the functional and semantic dimensions are in the second place of 0.868 and third place of 0.525, respectively. Also, in measuring the sustainable development of tourism, the service and welfare dimension with the path coefficient of 0.928 is the most effective, followed by urban management with the path coefficient of 0.84, technology with the path coefficient of 0.830, economic with the path coefficient of 0.727 and environmental with the path coefficient of 0.723 And physical with a coefficient of 0.683 and cultural with a coefficient of 0.600, the first ranks until the end of the impact on the index of sustainable tourism development in the historical context of Isfahan and finally the social component with a coefficient of 0.551 has the least impact on development Sustainable tourism in the historical context of Isfahan has been based on the structural equation model in the study area.The value of t-statistic for the effect of culture regeneration based on sustainable tourism development is 38.358 and the p-value value is 0.000. Significantly effective. On the other hand, the value of the relevant factor is equal to 0.798, which due to its positive relationship is a direct relationship between the two variables of culture-based regeneration and sustainable tourism development, ie with increasing base culture regeneration, sustainable tourism development increases. The value of t-statistic for the effect of regenerating the base culture with the effect of cultural consumption as a moderator on the sustainable development of tourism is 2.634 and the p-value is 0.009. Given that the t-statistic is greater than 1.96 and the p-value is less than 0.05, cultural consumption moderates the relationship between the regeneration of the base culture and the sustainable development of tourism. The value of t-statistic for the effect of culture-based regeneration with the effect of cultural production as a moderator on sustainable tourism development is 0.050 and the p-value is 0.960, considering that t-statistic is less than 1.96 and p-value is greater than 0.05. Thus, cultural production does not moderate the relationship between the recreation of the underlying culture and the sustainable development of tourism. The value of t-statistic for the effect of culture-based regeneration with the effect of the event as a moderator on sustainable tourism development is 0.777 and the p-value is 0.437 considering that t-statistic is less than 1.96 and p-value is greater than 0.05, so The event does not moderate the relationship between the re-creation of the underlying culture and the sustainable development of tourism. Measuring sustainable tourism development Services and welfare with the highest route coefficient had the greatest impact on this index and the social component had the least impact on sustainable tourism development in the study area. The statistical T test related to the research conceptual model confirms the relationship between the recreation of the base culture as an independent variable and the sustainable development of tourism as a dependent variable. Also, the results of this test indicate that cultural consumption in the historical context of Isfahan, which intends to provide places for consumption by residents and tourists through marketing strategies and promotion of places, and thus to revive the inner areas of the city; It will lead to the adjustment of the relationship between the recreation of the base culture and the sustainable development of tourism, while the other two components with the titles of culture production and participatory art event are ineffective in adjusting the relationship between the recreation of the culture and the sustainable development of tourism.

Close relationship of culture with the climate, living environment and lifestyle of residents can be considered a strong, attractive and diverse background for tourism planning. This means the maximum use of cultural capital, which leads to cultural fundamental recreation by considering cultural activities and events as a facilitator and a driving force for urban regeneration. This approach explores the use of existing cultural capabilities to redefine the forgotten city mechanisms, economic prosperity, guiding the integrated urban development, and generally turning threats into development opportunities. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential of the culture-based recreational approach to the success of urban tourism in the Fahadan neighborhood of Yazd. The type of research is applied and its method is descriptive-analytical. To collect information, documentary and field survey methods using questionnaire tool have been used. The statistical population of the study is domestic and foreign tourists in Yazd and Fahadan, whose sample is 268 people. The results of the study, using multivariate regression analysis, showed that among the four components of the basic culture of recreation, namely environmental, formal, functional and semantic, the semantic component has the highest capacity in the neighborhood in order to recreate the base culture and development of tourism and in In contrast, the functional component needs to be strengthened and more planned in line with the objectives of tourism rehabilitation and development. The order of priorities indicates that the neighborhood of Fahdan has a "semantic dimension" and a high mental image for neighborhood visitors according to their ancient history, So that the meaning of the transfer is taken well in the neighborhood. Elements that have been able to replace the user's mental image are Shaykh Fahdan, Qadiyama Mosque, Fahdan Mosque, Ziyari's School (Alexander's Prison). The existing spatial organization of the neighborhood largely matches the image of the tourists. Also, the existence of social partnerships in a public space has prompted volunteered users to enter these spaces voluntarily.

This study aims to investigate the capacities of the culture-led regeneration components in the historical context of Urmia and present a strategy to enhance the identity and tourism development in this area. This article provides a framework for a culture-led regeneration in the historical context of Urmia with an emphasis on urban tourism. Theoretical literature has mentioned the cultural tourism approach as a reliable catalyst in culture-led regeneration programs. Successful experiences have shown that this approach can be used to boost the local economy while preserving the artistic and cultural heritage. Also, different religions and ethnicities have the potential to provide a special environment. As in the historical review of Bast in Britain, it was concluded that the social role of culture and art in improving cohesion and social interaction plays an important role in preserving the cultural customs and traditions of societies living in the old context.

This study is considered applied research using a descriptive-analytical method. A bibliographic study of documents and field-survey methods have been used by means of questionnaires and observation tools to collect data. According to Cochran’s formula, the statistical population in the historical neighborhoods of Urmia and the size of the statistical sample is equal to 379 people. After explaining the conceptual model of culture-led regeneration, a questionnaire was developed and qualitatively evaluated by Likert evaluation and the Friedman test. The correlation test was statistically analyzed by the data obtained from the questionnaire.

According to the conceptual model and based on the components derived from the literature on culture-led regeneration, the main components of the research can be divided into three categories: design-oriented, creativity-oriented, and community-oriented. According to the results, the most effective urban regeneration components in the study area are 1- community-oriented, 2- creativity-oriented, and 3- design-oriented, respectively. Also, the effectiveness of urban regeneration indicators in the study area can be prioritized as 1- culture, 2- social, 3- physical, 4- participatory management, 5- visual perception, 6- economic, 7- functional, 8- motivational space, and 9- environmental. Also, the correlation test result shows a significant relationship between the perceptual index and managerial and social indicators, with a coefficient of 0.9, 10. With more and more efforts of officials and citizens to preserve the originality and identity of the area and by transferring the values to future generations, more social activities will be observed. The correlation coefficient between the physical and social indexes is equal to 0.15, indicating a relationship between these two indicators. In other words, by creating open spaces, we will increase socialization and social capital. We also see a significant relationship between cultural and environmental indicators with a confidence of 0.99. Suitable social environments can be created by preserving the environment and producing green spaces or complexes with different trees and urban agriculture. Also, garden museums can be created to envisage these two indicators due to a strong historical context. Also, there was a significant relationship between the social and management indexes. Obviously, by informing the residents about the regulations and creating cultural neighborhood centers and recreational environments, more people will be actively present in the neighborhood, which will increase vitality, safety, and security in the community. The results indicate that the historical context of Urmia has a high potential in terms of the social development of cultural tourism, including cultural resources, events, and historical sites. Still, at the same time, as Chiardi and Hanigan believe, the deterioration of the context, separation from urban centers, and the existence of abandoned and defenseless spaces, are the obstacles to developing this type of tourism that slow down the regeneration process. 

Providing Three main paths are proposed as strategic goals to achieve the desired regeneration:• Creating identifying, memorable, and green historical complexes (design-oriented).• Creating participatory and competitive spaces based on creative industries (creativity-oriented).• Providing development based on participation, creating interactive spaces representing residents’ culture (community-based).According to the results, historical contexts in Iran, including the historical context of Urmia, offer unique opportunities in terms of physical and architectural attractions and cultural diversity due to the existence of different religions, ethnicities, and traditions. However, the biggest obstacles to using their potential are severe shortages of tourism infrastructure and limited transient visions of urban managers. Therefore, it seems that the framework for tourism development in historical contexts is to offer long-term and step-by-step programs without hasty decisions, provide infrastructure, and change the short-term visions of urban management. Accordingly, four steps are presented to better achieve the desired goals in culture-led regeneration since the common processes are inefficient for tourism development and mobilizing culture-led regeneration programs. A coherent, pragmatic, step-by-step program should be designed and implemented on the basis of the local culture and art and the involvement of residents. At the same time, preserving the memory and identity of the original values of the context should not be overlooked.

We tried to study this area by focusing on the cultural basis by evaluating the potentials, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the region. Obviously, the study method in this qualitative article and its main tool is in-depth interview and data analysis using the SWOT model. To investigate the issue, strategies based on the principle of regeneration approach in historical contexts based on culture have been presented, which by applying these strategies and policies to upgrade and develop infrastructure and network of roads by defining and strengthening the tourism sidewalk and equipping and expanding public spaces. And helps to recreate urban spaces on the sidewalk of Lalehzar Street and help develop and provide urban services by modernizing or creating new uses, as well as modeling using valuable concepts and patterns in the historical-cultural context of this old street. Ultimately, the implementation of such strategies will enhance the presence and participation of residents and investors to recreate the culture of the base. The results of SWOT analysis showed that; Aggressive and competitive strategies occupied the largest area in the need for cultural regeneration of the region. This shows that the final strategic position of the region is more towards providing the infrastructure of revitalization in the form of improvements, renovation and reconstruction of cultural sites of the old texture and revival of the collective memory of the old Lalehzar.

The spatial structure of quarters plays a fundamental role in revitalizing and improving their quality. Emphasizing the reconstruction of cultural heritage, this approach can serve as a suitable catalyst for strengthening related issues or the spatial structure of historical quarters. This research aims to reconstruct the spatial structure of the Arg quarter in Mashhad. The methodology employed is mixed (quantitative and qualitative), where initially, by defining the criteria for cultural reconstruction in both soft and hard environments and categorizing them into seven dimensions of the urban environment, the cultural criteria in the components of spatial structure were elucidated. In the second step, quarter issues in the Arg quarter were extracted through the perspectives of authors, experts, and residents using observation and interviews, then the issue network was drawn and analyzed using qualitative research analysis tools (Gephi software). The results of the research indicate that the most important issues of the spatial structure of the Arg quarter include the lack of day and night activities, neglect of social values, functional disturbances in space and activities, inappropriate environmental qualities, and the loss of a sense of place, which can be addressed by proposing suggestions for improvement based on the identified issues.

The historical context of Isfahan in the Shahshahan neighborhood, in the vicinity of Isfahan Jame Mosque, has valuable historical elements that provide the possibility of culture-led regeneration in this area. Also, various religious and ritual cultural events, numerous handicraft workshops, and artists' presence in this field have given a unique structure to this context. However, the lack of a culture-led regeneration approach and physical approach to the restoration of historical buildings without taking into account the construction pattern of the entire structure and activity changes and the injection of new uses, the lack of consideration of the cultural and artistic values ​​of this area and the neglect of the requirements of the tourism industry have caused this. Historical context cannot attract tourists to the extent of its capabilities. Therefore, this research seeks to apply strategic studies to provide a network of interconnected tourism axes along historical elements and ritual and cultural poles in the Shahshahan neighborhood to transform it into a creative handicraft neighborhood as a target area for tourism development. This research is descriptive and exploratory based on the type of applied research, and in terms of method, it is among the qualitative research based on the research strategy. The research process was carried out to prepare the theoretical framework of creative tourism and culture-led regeneration. In the next stage, the studies related to the project "Redefining the Role of Tourism Target Neighborhoods in the Direction of Tourism Development" of the Shahshahan neighborhood were reviewed and based on the theoretical framework of research, analysis, and The goal achievement matrix was presented based on the regeneration components with creative tourism approach. Finally, the action plans were presented as a network map of creative tourism routes and a list of proposed projects in restoration, functional, urban space, and beautification projects. The results show that this neighborhood, with its many historical elements and buildings with architectural value, the activities of handicraft workshops and artists, and a variety of religious and ritual activities, has unique capabilities to become a creative neighborhood of handicrafts and a tourist destination of the historical context of Isfahan city. As Isfahan is a part of the network of creative cities in the field of handicrafts, the design of the network of tourism routes is an excellent opportunity to create a suitable space for presenting capacities, abilities, workshops, and handicraft works as creative industries in the order of experience-oriented touristic routes with a particular theme in this area.

The culture-led urban regeneration and cultural tourism are two sides of a coin in the renovation of valuable urban areas. The first is a comprehensive process for saving the deteriorated urban areas of the city from the destruction of physic and activity, and the latter is the most effective way of promoting people’s participation, culture and art and mobilizing social and cultural forces for old urban areas. Culture-led urban regeneration is one of the most recent approaches to sustainable urban regeneration, which, after many years of experience, has proved its legitimacy not only as a theoretical approach, but also as a practical strategy for the modernization and improvement of the old neighborhoods. The contribution of the cultural and human heritage of valuable neighbors to the process of regeneration can be realized because the local economy and related businesses would be supported through tourism development and tourists’ interest in such neighborhoods. Therefore, the culture-led urban regeneration through tourism development can be considered as one of the most promising solutions for the sustainable regeneration of old towns. When tourism is considered as way of rehabilitation of the underlying culture, culture-based tourism is clearly intended. Cultural tourism is defined as a type of tourism whose main purpose is to spread the horizons of knowledge through the discovery of artistic heritage or architecture of a land. This article investigates the interaction of the two in the framework of strategic planning of cultural tourism development in the old fabric of Rasht, which covers the Zahedan and Sagharisazan neighborhoods. The research method is descriptive-analytic, using a combination of qualitative and quantitative tools, including a questionnaire, for data collection. The internal and external factors are evaluated through a panel of 30 local experts, including experts from the Municipality and Cultural Heritage and Tourism Department. The sampling method was snowball sampling due to the uncertainty of the population. The results show that, despite having its own cultural resources, the old fabric of Rasht has not been able to use local resources due to the weakness of the cultural tourism infrastructure and the lack of creativity in the use of art and culture in the process of culture-led urban regeneration. Prioritized strategies, executive policies and action plans were developed for mobilizing cultural and artistic sources in developing cultural tourism while actively protecting cultural heritage and identity simultaneously. Creating new and different tourist attractions through reviving ritual traditions, improving historic buildings by planning attractive activities for tourists and pedestrinization of Bazar-Khahar-e- Imam –Zarjub are among the most prioritized strategies designed for cultural-led urban regeneration through urban tourism in the old fabric of Rasht. Besides, the results of this article show that the plan for tourism development in the Iranian historical neighborhoods should be a long-term plan that prioritizes the provision of infrastructure and changes in short-term views towards urban management.

Problem Statement:Today, many cities suffer from social- economic life stagnation having led to the reduction of attractiveness. In this regard, culture representation in the culture-led urban regeneration process has attracted the attention of urban managers as a new solution. This process is argued to be able not only to solve many of the existing problems, but also to prepare the cities to enter into the competitive arena. Therefore, it becomes crucial to recognize the concept of culture-led regeneration and its influential components and principles on urban competitiveness. This study attempts to extract and analyze the principals involved in the success of the culture-led regeneration process in the direction of competitiveness by examining the concepts, theories and data obtained.
Research This applied study adopts a descriptive and analytical approach to research. To this purpose, data from the field and different sources were gathered and analyzed. The research is also qualitative. Samples of the study were collected purposefully and data were analyzed through content analysis. . Research findings show that culture-led urban regeneration, using culture as a catalyst, tries to prepare cities for competitiveness arenas and promote their competitive advantages compared to rival cities through four components including creative and cultural industries, placemaking and creation of cultural neighborhoods, cultural tourism and event-orientation and city branding.
Based on findings, this goal will be achieved by applying seven principles including generating axial capital and creating culture, developing creative and cultural industries, establishing networks and creating urban attractions, enhancing the sustainability of culture-led regeneration process, advertising and developing international relations, promoting culture-led competitive branding and creating competitive and profitable places