This paper aims to signalize the substantial fact that the major focus and the joint aspect to fulfill the purposes of human development, sustainable development, social justice, competitive power and resilience of national economy is to promote the power of national production.
To fulfill this purpose, we used institutional theoretical system for presenting the analysis and signalized the methodological and empirical aspects of this issue with the descriptive-analytical method. Hence, with concentration on industrialization as the main focus of promotion of the national production, we survey the historical experience of our country through the development plans in before and after the Islamic revolution.
The findings of this study demonstrate that because of the shortage of strategic insight in this area and unbelievable neglects and errors in the period of the last 70 years, the history of development planning shows us that despite of enormous money sources specification, the expected achievements could not be reached at all. Also a lot of inconsistencies and problems endangered the view of national development. The suggested solution is to consider the national production power with interdisciplinary approach and as a system of the whole social life.

International reports are pointing out that the average youth employment in Iran (15 to 24) is among the lowest levels in the world (%22) and when compared to the world average (%41) it shows a meaningful distance.
In the current essay by using the descriptive-analytic method and by emphasizing on the new institutional theoretical framework, it has been shown that the mental construct of “shortsightedness”- the systematic preference of short term affairs to “the long term priorities”- is the main factor in policy orientations and specific resource allocation methods and it turns the opportunities that come along due to Iran’s relatively young population to undesirable threats.
The analytic findings of the current study show that Partial and one dimensional reform cannot offer a solution for situations like this and the national development system needs a paradigm shift and systemic reform of institutional structures in order to improve the national production ability.
In the final section the general outlines of systemic reform for the institutional structure are introduced.

“Resistance Political Economy” (RPE) which is rooted in economic thoughts of the Islamic Revolution leaders as well as the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran has attracted the attention of political economy analysts as an approach officially announced to be the national economic strategy of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Taking a different look at this issue, the present study intends to explore the features and components of RPE within the framework of Friedrich List’s theory. Based on the theory of national economy, a host of factors such as social customs, specific historical conditions as well as the functions and evolution of its economic, political and social institutions of a country or a nation influence its economic policymaking. Thus, the political and socio-economic characteristics as well as the religious tendency and historical experiences of Iran, have directed its economic system toward a particular justice-centered national economy known as RPE. It is argued that an emphasis on RPE using Iran’s national production capacities leads to the strengthening of national power and improvement of welfare. For the theoretical framework to explain the arguments set forth by the advocates of RPE, the authors use Frederick List’s  theory of national economics which is based on national production and has an indigenous dimension. The domestic economy is viewed as an instrument of national empowerment and independence. List’s conceptual analysis can be very useful in explaining and analyzing the concept of RPE. This is a broad concept concerned with development at all levels, and focuses on increasing  economic resilience, robustness and sustainability, while reducing economic vulnerability, dependence and fragility. The research questions include: 1. How can Iranian policymakers build resilience as Iran confronts the internal and domestic pressures for change? 2. What is the most important component and characteristics of resistance political economy (RPE) within the framework of List’s theory of national economy? 3. How will development based on RPE affect Iran’s national power and public welfare?      First, the characteristics of the national economy from Frederick List's point of view are discussed, and then the principles and pillars of RPE as understood by Iranian top decision-makers and contained in national legal documents such the constitution are examined. Finally, the policy proposals that can help the achievement of the objectives of RPE within the country’s economic structure are presented. The authors suggest the following policies for economic stability and resilience in the period before and after the occurrence of economic shocks. The policies recommended for the pre-economic shocks period include: 1. Pursuing the strategy of comparative advantage by increasing investment in industries in which Iran has superior capacities and the required resources to strive for access to regional and international markets and prevail over its competitors. 2. Diversifying export commodities and reduce its dependency on the export of raw material and natural resources such as oil and gas by investing in the development of refineries, petrochemical industries, and lucrative extractive industries. 3. Supporting knowledge-based and innovative enterprises, and investing more in new R&D projects in order to strengthen production capacity based on local knowledge. 4. Investing in education in order to improve human capital for sustainable economic growth. 5. Strengthening infrastructures against natural disasters, and addressing the issue of overpopulation of large cities as a result of internal migration through investment in projects in towns and rural areas for more balanced economic development. 6. Diversification of economic activities in all sectors particularly in agriculture in different parts of the country. Measures recommended for post-economic shocks period include: 1. Designing policies that lead to more resilience, e.g., encouraging people to participate more in the community and support measures to reduce poverty, improve the distribution of income and wealth, fight corruption, encourage privatization by increasing the share of the private sector in economic activities. 5. Planning for economic recovery projects in advance to be implemented immediately after the crisis. The findings indicate that the institutionalization of RPE with its emphasis on maximizing the use of indigenous and national capacities to strive for sustainable economic development will lead to the strengthening of national power and improvement of welfare.

Considering the existing economic problems in the country and the need to strengthen the production bases of the economy based on internal capacities in line with the policies of the Moqavematy economy, it is necessary to identify and remove barriers of production in different economic sectors . Meanwhile, the nomadic community of the country, despite its brilliant background in national economy and various capacities, does not have a strong presence in national production. This society, which has a productive force in the economy, faces obstacles that not only impede the use of its capacities to boost national production, but also caused problem to the tribal livelihood itself. This paper tries to provide strategies for strengthening tribal production using component-based approach of Moqavematy economy. Therefore, while describing the main components of the Moqavenaty economy, the appropriate actions to each component in production are introduced. Finally, due to the appropriate actions in production, the necessary strategies and orientations for the nomadic economy have been identified.

Environmental conditions including metrological parameters (precipitation، temperature، humidity and etc.) various stresses and nutrition، could affect germination and seeds vigor during of development، ripping and leven after harvesting of soybean seed. For this، experiments of completely randomized design (as Nested) by four replications were performed in seed laboratory of Gorgon University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources. Treatments were 14 seed ladings of four soybean cultivars viz. of DPX (Gorgan، Gonbad، Azad-shahr Ali-abad and Kurd-koy)، Sahar (Gorgan، Gonbad، Sari، Babolsar، Ali-abad and Kurd-koy)، Williams (Ardabil; Gonbad) and Hill (Sari). First، standard germination and seedling growth test and then، accelerated aging test were done following by standard germination and seedling growth on degraded seeds. Results showed that environmental conditions have been caused different classes of seed vigor in seed ladings of every cultivar. Among 5 lading of DPX cultivar، Gorgon and Kurd-kuy ladings had the most and least seed vigor respectively. Babolsar and Sari ladings were superior than others in Sahar cultivar in respect to seed vigour and Kurd-kuy ladings had the least vigor (EC=26. 46 μs. cm-1). Among Williams’s ladings، Ardabil lading had the most germination percentage and the least Electrolyte leading. There was significantly negative correlation between results of electrical conductivity test and seedling growth and normal seedling percentage test. Therefore، it seems that more farmer knowledge of farmers on sitespecific and these environmental conditions could result in different seed vigor in the same cultivar. Environmental conditions help to select suitable area for seed production.

In order to evaluation of some seed germination and vigour indices of soybean commercial cultivars to seedling field emergence a laboratory and field experiment was conducted in seed and plant certification and registration institute at Karaj. Experiment conducted as factorial based on complete randomize design with12 treatments, 3 primary germinability, standard(80 percent), over standard(upper most germinability of each cultivar sample) and under standard(lowest germinability of each cultivar sample) of 4 soybean commercial cultivars, Williams and Sari(JK) procuced in Mazandaran province and Telar and 033 produced in Golestan province by 4 replication. Seedling length, seedling dry mater, normal seedling percent, abnormal seedling percent, final germination percent, mean germination time, coefficient of velocity of germination, mean daily germination, mean daily germination rate, seed length and weight vigour indices measured by standard germination test and seedling growth analysis test conduction. Also seeds planted in field and primary and final seedling emergence percent, seedling emergence rate and seedling cumulative emergence rate and seedling vigour index and seedling dry weight in field determined. Results revealed that seedling length and dry weight, coefficient of velocity of germination and seed length and weight indices and primary and final seedling emergence percent and seedling vigour index in field affected by cultivar × primary germinability interaction and other studied indices affected by any of factors. Also seedling length and dry weight, normal seedling percent, daily germination rate and seed length vigour index increasing in high germinability seeds observed and these seeds had high and primary and final seedling emergence percent and seedling emergence rate at field and strong vigour seedlings. Generally Williams and 033 cultivars with over standard primary germinability seeds for almost laboratory and field indices significantly higher than in comparison of other cultivars. In standard germination test normal seedling percent in comparison of final germination percent had high correlation with final seedling emergence in field. Thereafter, seem normal seedling percent determination could suitable criterion of potential vigour of seeds for seedlings establishment in field.

To study the effect of production region and seed weight on some characteristics related with germinability and seedling vigour of peanut seeds, a research was performed in three peanut fields in Astaneh Ashrafieh and agronomy laboratory of Rasht branch Islamic Azad University during 2010 to 2012. This research was carried out using the standard germination test, cold and accelerated aging. For all tests a factorial experiment with a randomized complete block design in 3 replications was used. First factor was seed production region in 3 levels (Noghredeh, Amshal and Bandar-Kiyashahr) and second factor was seed weight in 3 levels [heavy (seeds heavier than 1 g), medium (seeds between 0.8 and 0.1 g) and light (seeds lighter than 0.8 g)]. The studied characteristics were including: final germination percentage, seedling vigour, radicle dry weight, hypocotyl dry weight, plumule dry weight, cotyledons dry weight and seedling dry weight. Results indicated that effect of region on the final germination percentage, seedling vigour and radicle dry weight were significant in all tests. Peanut seed weights also had a significant effect on radicle dry weight, hypocotyl dry weight, plumule dry weight, cotyledons dry weight and seedling dry weight in all tests.  Interaction of the region and seed weight on the seedling vigour of peanut seeds was significant in all tests. In accelerated ageing test, this interaction was significant on all the studied characteristics except for cotyledons dry weight. Mean comparison of studied characteristics also indicated that the greatest amount of studied parameters was observed from heavier seeds of Amshal region. The maximum germination percentage was detected in seeds produced in Amshal region with average of 86.67%. Also, maximum seedling vigour was achieved in heavy seeds produced in Amshal region with an average 54.24 (standard germination).

"The Martens clause"which is manifested and its numerous effects in the field of humanitarian rights sources, especially in the 3rd common article, according to the the basic elements included in this declaration,that is,the humanity and Dictate of Public Conscience,have a special place in the construction of the rules of international law.The issue of the rule gap in the production and use of new weapons is one of the human rights challenges for all governments, including the IslamicRepublic of Iran.In this research, which is carried out using an analytical-descriptive method, we are trying to answer the basic question that, "Martens Clause" What is the role of limiting the use of this challenge to make rules and what is its effect on the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran?According to the numerous works affected by "Martens clause", the results indicate that governments can consider the principles of this declaration as a mechanism for creating rules in customary international law, because until the international community reaches A common goal for the creation of universally binding customary rules, the issue of the belief of legal obligation(opinio juris)to the general principles of humanitarian law, must first be formed in the belief of the governments.The Islamic Republic of Iran, while strengthening its defense base in the field of new weapons within the framework of its national security requirements, should not be oblivious to the developments caused by the Martens clause in rulemaking and should align itself with the legal developments of the world.

 Considering the economic problems in the country and the need to strengthen the economic production based on the internal capacities of the national economy in line with the policies of the Moqavematy economy, identifying and removing barriers of production in various sectors of the economy seems necessary. Meanwhile, the nomadic community of the country, despite its brilliant background in national economy and its actual and potential capacity doesn’t play a good role in national production. This society, which is productive in the economy, faces obstacles that have not only prevented the liberation of its capacities to boost national production, but also created some difficulty in the livelihood of nomadics. This paper attempts to identify obstacles in the role of tribes in the national production area and to propose appropriate solutions in accordance with the theory of resistance economics. The research methodology of this paper is based on library and field studies with the right balance approach. Based on this approach, the subject matter, the system of basic issues, the fundamental legal system, and the basic theory of the identified phenomenon, and the field of the duties of each of the responsible bodies, the rule of law are extracted and the role of each pillar will be identified. Finally, barriers of nomadic roles were categorized and presented by six main components of Moqavematy economy, including endogenous, extroversion, equity, knowledge, people, and Jihadi approach. In this research, the methodology of "right-based balance" is used to identify the barriers of nomadic roles in national production. The goal of right-based balance is to recognize the rights of the various components of a phenomenon in order to create the fields of balanced growth. Based on this methodology, first by considering different aspects of the object, we will get a relatively comprehensive understanding from it. Then, the structure of basic problems of the phenomenon is extracted. After that, by analyzing the aspects of the subject as well as referring to the laws, the legal structure of the phenomenon is extracted. Next step, the basic theory of the phenomenon is explained. Finally, the role of each relevant responsible will be identified (Zaribaf et al., 2015: 172-173). At the end of the research, we present relatively brief answers to the main question using the findings of the research in accordance with the theory of Moqavematy economy and its six main components: Endogenous: Reviving talent Create new talent Extraversion: Reduce surplus of production Lack of security Lack of economic insight Knowledge base: Vacuuming of native science and technology Disadvantage of production Justice based: Unbalanced growth of the nomadic economy Unfulfilled rights of nomadic People based: Participating in production Consumption at a sufficient level Jihad approach: Lack of Jihadi spirits in nomadic people Lack of Jihadi management in government agencies responsible for nomadic affairs Generally, due to the existing barriers and legal structure of nomadic production, the following tasks can be identified for each of the components involved in nomadic role in national production: Nomadics’ role: Identification of internal capacities of nomadics and Trying to be self-sufficient. NGO of Nomadic’s role: Organizing nomadics for solving problems and pursuing rights. Government: Servicing in order to remove deprivation and guide nomadics to self-sufficiency as well as preparing context for nomadics to play role in solving the Country’s problems. Supreme Council Of nomadics and Provincial council: Coordinating between central and local agencies to solve nomadic's problems. Parliament: Approving and monitoring the laws and budgets in order to remove deprivation and guide nomadics to self-sufficiency as well as preparing context for nomadics to play role in solving the Country’s problems. Judiciary: Investigating and prosecuting the perpetrators of the nomadics rights. Basij: Protecting from nomadic’s revolutionary identities and Enabling them to protect the Islamic Revolution. Police:Securing nomadic’s and contributing them in securing the country.

In order to study the effect of ginning and delinting on Golestan province produced Sahel cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar planting seed germination and seedling vigor, this research was carried out as factorial experiment based on completely randomized design by four replications. Treatments were including ginning of produced cottonseed in two regions, Anbar Oloom and Gonbad (respectively west and east regions of Golestan province) by8 an 16 saw gin machines at two ginning plants at two regions, ginning by manual roller gin machine and hand ginning and delinting by acid sulfuric.Results revealed that seed production region, cotton seed ginning methods and delinting interaction on studied traits was significant. Ginned by manual roller gin and 16 saw gin and not delinted seeds of province east, had respectively highest and lowest normal seedlings percent. Also hand ginned and not delinted seeds of province east had the lowest abnormal seedlings percent. Also lowest and highest mean germination time and coefficient of velocity of germination respectively related to west of province seeds which their cottonseed ginned by manual roller gin and not delinted. Not delinted and cottonseed ginned by manual roller gin seeds west of province and east of province not delinted and cottonseed ginned by16 saw gin machine of Gonbad ginning plant seeds respectively had most and lowest seedling weight vigor index. Also highest and lowest seedling length vigor index belonged to delinted and ginned by manual roller gin seeds of Golestan province east and not delinted and ginned by by16 saw gin machine of Gonbad ginning plant seeds of this region respectively. Totally, based on this research results revealed that, seeds produced at east of Golestan province had low susceptibility to acid delinting and recommended for Sahel cottonseed ginning, especially produced at west of Golestan province cottonseeds, roller ginning machine used till seed coat damage and delinting by acid effect on germination ability and seed and seedling vigor decreased.