Virtue ethics is a type of ethical theory which has been considered in different fields, especially in management. It can be employed in the field of management and organization to move towards virtue-based organizations. The Islamic revolution paved the way for the emergence of virtue-based organizations. This research is intended to identify two virtue-based institutions, Jihad Sazandegui and Islamic Revolutionary Committee as well as their components. The data of this qualitative research are collected by interviews with active experts in these institutions. The interviews are analyzed through thematic analysis. The results pointed out the following components for virtue-based organizations: organizational piety, organizational brotherhood, wisdom, general sacrifice, braveness, constant struggle, managers’ flexibility.

Perhaps the most complex and extensive theory of ethics is the theory of ethics of virtue. This theory, which is regarded as one of the most important theories today, is expected with its significant components, to effect different realms including management ethics by creating a moral-based life. Therefore, it can be used in framework of management and organization and takes them towards virtue-oriented organizations. To this end, first a virtue-oriented organization should be defined so that the features of such organizations will be identified. "Virtue-oriented" organizations those organizations which are founded on moral virtues, their managers and staffs are virtue-oriented, and its organizational relations and transactions observe moral virtues. According to this definition, the present paper elaborates on two levels of pivotal virtues: individual and organizational, and it considers intimacy with God, sincere devotion, sincere intention, hereafter - orientation, and accountability as the pivotal virtues of individual level and human affection, service, justice, and adherence to rules and regulations and hierarchy as the pivotal virtues of organizational level.

Today, a continuous and proper performance assessment is important to all stakeholders in an organization. Continuous improvement of performance will not be possible without examination and information about the extent to which the goals are met, and without identifying the challenges faced by the organization and gaining feedback from the extent to which compiled policies are implemented and identifying those areas that require serious improvement; and all of this is not possible without performance assessment. Based on the explanation of the concept of virtuous and jihadi organization, this type of organization has a fundamental principle that emphasizes spirituality and moral-Islamic-human values. Nowadays, with the advancements in management, the effect of spirituality on other components of virtuous organizations has been established; hence in this study, we seek to measure the effectiveness and prioritization of the components of virtuous and jihadi organizations. Through the method of Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process, it is tried to rank the component of virtuous and jihadi organizations and assessed the performance of these types of organizations; then we obtained the importance of the components by placing the hierarchy of the components (predetermined) in the Analytic Hierarchy Process questionnaire (paired comparisons). Also, in another questionnaire, the experts were asked about the organization performance relative to all components. Finally, we presented a final assessment of the organization's performance. Among the macro criteria, "flexibility" has the highest priority and "wisdom" has the lowest priority. Also, among the minor criteria, "the natural selection of the best person as the director" has the highest priority and "Women's employment in limited form and as needed" has the lowest priority. In the main criteria, the organization has had the best and worst performance in terms of "organizational brotherhood" and "wisdom", respectively. Also, in relation to sub-criteria, the organization has had the best and worst performance in "fixing errors with humor and indirect" and "self-control", respectively.

Among the virtuous organizations, the organizations in charge of religious holy places, despite their impact on creating and maintaining social capital, have received less attention in scientific researches related to organization and management, especially from the dimension of diagnosis components. Therefore, the present study has investigated the components of social capital in the holy shrine of Razavi and the holy shrines of Hazrat Fatima Masoumeh and Hazrat Abdulazim Hasni, with a qualitative approach. In this research, a comprehensive combination of meta-synthesis, theme analysis and interviews were used. Theoretical data were collected from 22 diagnosis models and some selected documents from the studied organizations. Operational data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 18 selected experts using judgmental and snowball samplying until theoretical saturation. The validity of the research was confirmed by referring to various methods, including the quality of the primary studies, using independent analysts, reviews and transparency. The validity of interviews was confirmed by the retest method. This research is the first attempt on religious holy places in Islamic Republic of Iran, in which 258 themes extracted from library data were combined with themes derived from ideas and opinions of experts. Based on the findings, the components of social capital diagnosis in religious holy places include fundamental values, symbolic capital, organizational competencies, spiritual capital, people's capital and cultural capital. These components strengthen social capital and high human values in the Islamic society by creating trust, interaction, and cooperation among the members of the society and influencing the hearts and souls.

Virtue Epistemology is an umbrella term for a new kind of epistemological theory which is formed on a virtue-based theory in the realm of Ethics. Linda Zagzebski, a prominent theoretician of virtue epistemology, believes that establishing an epistemological theory on the virtue-based theory can solve Gettier problem and Value problem –which are the two fundamental problems every epistemological theory faces. Corresponding to the definition of right act, ðˆ†irtue based-theory, Zagzebski proposes an analysis of knowledge based on the Intellectual virtue and argues that her definition of knowledge not only does not have a problem with Gettier problem, but also would not fall in the Value Problem trap. In this paper, following an introduction to the Virtue Epistemology theories, Linda Zagzebski’s theory is presented. Then the applications of her virtue-based theory in the realm of epistemology are explained. Next, a detailed account of her solution to the value problem and Gettier problem are given. Finally, her theory of virtue epistemology is criticized and evaluated.

The social responsibility of the organization is a relatively new category that is rapidly expanding among different organizations, and it points out that organizations should be more careful about the consequences and effects of their activities and the effects in connection with the surrounding environment, society, and society members (Pourali and Dadashi, 1401). Organizational virtue, as a hybrid concept of positive psychology and business ethics, refers to general organizational ethical characteristics that are embodied by the collective or individual, in the atmosphere, structure, and policy procedures of an organization (Bright et al., 2006; Liu, 2012). In recent years, the positive effects of organizational virtues on individuals and organizations have received increasing academic attention. The development of digital technology has led to changes in business models and organizational patterns, etc., as well as the creation of work behaviors beyond the scope of employee responsibilities and how to improve the constructive behaviors of employees in new work conditions.Many researchers and scholars have emphasized that the concept of organizational virtue had better become one of the management research topics in the world and listed important reasons for the revival of virtue-based ethics (Gavin and Mason, 2014; Lilius et al., 2018; Moore and Biddle, 2016; Park and Peterson, 2013). For this purpose, during the last several decades, various religious organizations have sought to expand ethics and virtue in multiple ways, such as drafting ethics charters, rules and standards of conduct, ethical education, ethical management, ethical decision-making, ethical culture and atmosphere, and ethical infrastructure. They have lost a lot of time andmoney. Ethics is now presented in the organization in the form of the organization's charter of ethics and the rules of professional behavior.In this research, the researcher is looking for an answer to this basic question: which factors are effective in fulfilling social responsibilities in virtue-oriented organizations, especially Astan Quds Razavi?

Qualitative research is a process of research that extracts data from the context in which the events occur and tries to understand these events through the process in which it is embedded the perspective describes the participants in them and uses inference tools to create possible explanations based on the observed phenomenon (Khanifar and Zarondi, 1389). This research is applied in one of the mission-oriented organizations such as Astan Quds Razavi, and in terms of data collection, it is descriptive and exploratory. To analyze the qualitative data, a thematic analysis method, and semi-structured interview method were used.Thematic analysis is one of the methods of qualitative analysis based on which the text of qualitative interviews is reduced and segmented, categorized and summarized, and then reconstructed in such a way that the important concepts within the collection are extracted from the data (Abedi Jafari et al., 2019). The steps of the theme analysis method include 1-familiarity with the data, 2-creating primary identifiers and identification, 3-searching and recognizing the themes, 4-drawing the theme network, and 5-analyzing the theme network. In terms of purpose, this research is practical and in terms of data collection, it is descriptive and exploratory, and qualitative data analysis tools including thematic analysis were used. The statistical population of the research included managers active in the field of social responsibilities in the Astan Quds Razavi, and finally 10 people were determined in a targeted and accessible way, and they were interviewed.To explore the data, the semi-structured interview tool of the thematic analysis method was used. Before conducting the interview in person and by phone, the researcher made the necessary coordination with the experts regarding the possibility and time of conducting the interview and at the beginning of each interview, the concept of the phenomenon under study, i.e. social responsibilities and the purpose of conducting the research were explained. This is emphasized that the research results will only be used for research purposes and their identities and names will be kept confidential if they wish. Lastly, according to the semi-structured nature of the research and the data obtained from the research literature, to clarify the answers provided, other questions were asked following the answers of the interviewees. At the end of each interview, the experts were asked to provide any other information to clarify the answer to the research question. According to the data obtained from reviewing the records and using a semi-structured interview, the interviewees were allowed to express their views freely. After each interview, the text of the interviews was carefully implemented. To analyze the interviews, all independent ideas were identified in the form of concepts and sub-themes, and then a code was assigned to each one. This was done for each of the conducted interviews. Then, based on the identified themes, more comprehensive categories were made and led to the identification of the main themes related to the research.

In these researches, components such as the way of guiding and leading the organization towards systematizing the process of creating discourse on the principles of social responsibilities, structural development, technical development, culture building, education, etc., are in accordance with the concepts of responsibility. Social issues in all micro and macro levels and different organizational levels have been considered. Astan Quds Razavi, due to its special nature and mission, needs to pay attention to the principles of social responsibilities in the direction of social capital management so that it can carry out the projects in a favorable way with the participation of the members of the society. These factors are in the dimension of the organization's structure and preparations, which oversees the set of actions that create the alignment and association of the actions of the executive elements of the organization in line with social responsibilities in virtue-oriented organizations. This includes the development of executive guidelines and procedures, social responsibility policy, laws related to the company's social responsibilities, organizational limits and controllers, and the development of a vision in the field of the implementation of the social responsibility approach. For this purpose, in this article, an attempt was made to discuss and investigate the factors affecting the management of human resources based on social responsibilities according to the nature of Astan Quds Razavi. Social affairs in the headquarters of Astan Quds Razavi, to identify and collect the desired dimensions and components, and a set of factors that can be effective in this area were identified.

Social responsibility is an important driver in paying attention to society as the main beneficiary of organizations' activities. Experts believe that ethics emphasizes the way an individual behaves inside the organization, but social responsibility considers the way the organization treats its employees, shareholders, and stakeholders. A review of the theoretical literature makes it clear that; one of the four dimensions of social responsibility is the moral dimension. It means that organizations are expected to respect people's values ​​norms and beliefs and pay attention to ethical issues in their work and activities, just like other members. That is, instead of being synonymous with social responsibility, ethics is recognized as one of the dimensions of social responsibility. With the reviews of related articles and research, many researchers have pointed to the prominent role of social responsibilities in virtue-based organizations in guiding, leading, stimulating, persuading, and human resources in the development of concepts related to social responsibilities. In these researches, components such as the way of guiding and leading the organization towards systematizing the process of creating discourse on the principles of social responsibilities, structural development, technical development, culture building, education, etc., are by the concepts of responsibility. Social issues at all micro and macro levels and different organizational levels have been desired.

Arête is the foundation of Plato’s political system, so that it is both the end and the means to the end of the formation of the polis. In other words, arête is the spirit of Plato’s utopia. Although, by defining arête as “knowledge of the good and practice according to it” Plato considers as impossible the teaching of arête by sophists, but evaluates it’s teaching by true teachers of arête as the essence of firmness of polis and its happiness.Most of the specific characteristics of Plato’s political philosophy are influenced by his philosophy’s political arête-based character. The political teaching like philosopher-king, the definition of justice as “the state in which every body do it his/her own task”, the leveld/casted nature of utopia, the equity between men and women in entering political arena, opposing democracy and other deteriorated forms of government are among the consequences of arête based character of Plato’s political system.The investigation and analysis of Plato’s political system in the light of its arête-based spirit, paves the way for the evaluation of criticisms to his political philosophy. On the basis, the position of some of his critiques e.g. popper is disputable.

The purpose of this paper is to identify and explain the components of the virtuous teacher from the contemporary virtuous perspective of Carr which has been done by qualitative content analysis and inductive approach. In the process of moral education, he, while emphasizing the growth of character and virtues, believes teachers, as moral agents must have a wide range of values and virtues. The findings of this study showed that according to his views, the components of a virtuous teacher fall into three domains: personal character, educational character and social character. The core components of personal character are the appearances of a virtuous teacher; teacher beliefs; In the domain of educational character, the most important component is: of effective teaching; and in the domain of social character: of the components of Empathy with others; and responsibility were among the main components was identified. These results show a close and mutual relationship between all three domains of personal, educational and social character, and according to David carr, a virtuous teacher should behave in harmony with her professional life in her personal life.

Positive links between virtues and individual and organizational performance have received an increasing amount of support in the positive organizational studies literature. The aim of this study was to explain the role of organizational virtuousness and organizational trust in a public organization.
Currents study is a correlation research. The statistical population of the study was included 200 personnel of technical and professional organization. By simple random sampling, 127 participates were selected, and finally125 questionnaires were completed. The data were collected through two questionnaires; organizational virtuousness and organizational trust. After calculating of instrument validity and reliability and distribution of them, data were analyzed by one sample T test, Pearson correlation and structural equation model (SEM).
The results indicate that the value of organizational trust and its dimensions -just integrity- were higher than acceptable adequacy level but were lower than desired level. Also, in viewpoint of employees, the organization wasnt a virtuousness organization. The result also showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between organizational virtuousness and organizational trust.
Finally, based on the structural equation model, the finding showed that organizational virtuousness directly was significant positive anticipant of the organizational trust. It plays an important role on organizational trust.