Eurasian perch, Perca fluviatilis L., is one of the most important species in European freshwater aquaculture and probably one of most important of cold freshwater species in nearest future. The aim of this study was to test the Ovaprim in artificial reproduction in Eurasian perch in two temperatures (12 and 14°C) with using new oocyte maturation stage system. The results obtained in present study showed that the oocyte maturity stage is very important in artificial reproduction of perch. The spawning effectiveness, in present study described as ovulation rate, latency time and embryo survival to the eyed-egg-stage, was higher when fish with higher oocyte maturity stage was used for reproduction. The latency time was depended on oocyte maturity stage and on water temperature. If the water temperature was highest from tested (14°C) and oocyte maturity stage was also the highest (4th) the latency time was the shortest. The obtained results showed that Ovaprim might be successfully applied in artificial reproduction of Eurasian perch under controlled conditions.

Due to the high importance of beluga sturgeon breeders and to determine the appropriate time for hormonal induction, the present study was performed with the aim of selecting the breeders with high quality eggs for artificial reproduction. Two groups of eggs from 7 female beluga were incubated with 5 µg of progesterone per mL or hormone-free group in Ringer medium at 16°C for 18 hours. Pre- and post-exposure, the germinal vesicle migration (GVM) index was determined in 10 oocytes. The results showed that the GV position was 13.0±3.4 pre-treatment and changed after in vitro culture of oocytes in control and progesterone groups to 11.7±4.1 and 9.6±2.2, respectively, which showed a significant difference. During this period, the GVM exposed to progesterone was determined to be 31.2% closer to the animal pole. This study suggests that due to high economic value of beluga breeders, this method can be used to select suitable fish to induce artificial reproduction.

The present study was performed to determine the effect of hCG, Ovaprim, and Ovarim on the efficiency of artificial reproduction in European perch (Perca fluviatilis), as well as the examination of the spermatological parameters of this fish. In the first treatment, hCG was used at 500 IU per kg body weight (BW) of broodstock. In second and third treatments, Ovaprim and Ovarim were used at 0.5mL per kg BW, respectively. The control group was injected with physiological saline at 0.5mL per kg BW. Eighteen female broodstocks with an average weight of approximately 78g were used in each treatment. Male broodstock was induced by injection of hCG at a dose of 250 IU per kg BW. According to the results, the fastest latency time (415.6 degree-hour) was observed in the hCG treatment and showed a significant difference with other treatments (P<0.05). The highest ovulation rate (100%) was observed in hCG and Ovaprim treatments and showed significant differences with Ovarim and control groups (P<0.05). The experimental treatments did not show any significant differences in other parameters (P>0.05). Based on the results, the mean volume of semen, spermatozoa activity, motility time and spermatocrit value of European perch were 2.9±1.7mL, 91.1±13.4%, 84.4±18.6s and 68.3±9.4%, respectively. Results of this study showed that hCG is more suitable than Ovaprim and Ovarim for the induction of spawning and artificial reproduction of European perch. Due to the more favorable effects of hCG, it is recommended to use this hormone in spawning induction and artificial reproduction of European perch broodstock.

The present research was started in 2016 at Bandar Imam Khomeini Marine Fish Research Station. The aim of this project was to produce fertile broodstock and achieve the biotechnique of larval propagation and fry production of the Asian sea bass. In this regard, the Thai fry strain were introduced in the station over three different years and their breeding was done until the pre-breeding stage. After four years, 3- and 4-year-old female pre-brooders and 1.5-year-old male pre-brooders were produced, and in the summer of 2022, these brooders were propagated by artificial reproduction method through injecting. In Khuzestan, the reproduction season begins from June to the end of September at a temperature between 28 and 34 ºC. The fish spawning occurs between 36 and 40 h after injection at midnight. The LHRH-α2 hormone was injected intramuscularly for the artificial reproduction of this species. The percentage of fertilization, hatching, and survival of 3-day-old larvae of Asian sea bass in different months varied between 78-92%, 82-93%, and 75-85%, respectively. From February 2022 to July 2023, 208 brooders were donated to 5 private hatchery sectors in Khuzestan and Hormozgan provinces for the mass seed production of this species. The results of the current project showed that the establishment of biosecurity is the most important principle in the implementation of breeding programs, domestication of new marine fish candidates, and selective breeding programs. Also, Asian sea bass has great potential for reproduction in captivity and mass fry production, and it can help short-term programs for the development of marine cage culture in the southern waters of Iran.

To investigate spawning time, sexual maturity, and fecundity of kutum, this study was carried out in the Iranian waters of the Caspian Sea during February to April 2019. Samples were taken randomly from the catch composition of 119 beach seines in three provinces of Guilan, Mazandaran, and Golestan. The mean (± SD) fork length and total weight calculated 39.8±5.9 cm and 830.6±360.3 g, respectively. The sex ratio was 1:0.88 (M: F) that was significantly different from 1:1 ratio (p<0.05). Based on the frequency of different sexual maturity stages and the trend of gonadosomatic index (GSI), the peak of the spawning period was the second decade of April. The mean (± SD) absolute and relative fecundity were 45180±12239 and 47.5±8.6 eggs respectively. Absolute fecundity increased by increasing length, weight, and age and had positive and high correlations with these parameters. The length of maturity calculated 36.3 cm (fork length). The results show that the length of maturity and fecundity decreased in the last decade. Fishing pressure and high exploitation, as well as artificial reproduction and release of juveniles to regenerate the stocks of this species, which has caused genetic changes, are among the most important factors in reducing the length of sexual maturity and fecundity. It is recommended to review the fishing and exploitation regulations, to apply time, place, and instrumental restrictions and to provide suitable environmental conditions for natural reproduction and to reduce artificial reproduction and release.

Aim and Common carp is one of the most important and economical species.Using artificial reproduction method, common carp is reproduced, this method can reduce genetic diversity. In the present study the genetic structure of cultured carp in Khuzestanwere studiedusing microsatellite markers. 30 specimens of common carp were collected from a farm and Shahid Maleki Reproduction Center in May2011. DNA was extracted from caudal fin tissue by phenol-choloroform-amylalcohol. PCR was performed using 4 microsatellite markers, after survey the quality and quantity of DNA by using spectrophotometer and agarose gel electrophoresis. Ho& He ranged from 0 to 1 & 0 to 0.825 respectively. Maximum number of actual allele belonged to Shahid Maleki Reproduction Center. Half of loci showed significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, mostly due to the increase in heterozygosity. UPGMA cluster analysis showed there are two different populations. The results showed maximum amount of genetic diversity belonged to ShahidMaleki Reproduction Center.

The aim of the project is to assay the effectiveness of different values ofLHRH-a2 combined with carp pituitary extract in 3-stages way on reproduction indices of Arabibarbus grypus that belong to Cyprinidae family and is a native fish in Khuzestan province. Fifty individuals of fish in 4 treatments were studied. Control treatment were injected by 4mg/kg pituitary extracts, first treated: 4mg/kg CPE+ 3μg/kg LHRHa2, second treatment: 4mg/kg CPE+7μg/kg LHRHa2 and third treatment: 4mg/kg CPE+ 10μg/kg LHRHa2, that 40 fish were treated by 3-stages and 10 fish by usual way, were studied and the reproduction indices such as obtained egg and alive baby were measured. The results obtained that the weight of obtained egg (692 ± 111.2), relative fecundity (41.9 ± 3.22), fertilization (94.4 ± 0.89), hatching rate (98.2 ± 0.84), larvae number (10912.8 ± 1817.93), alive percent of baby (70.5 ± 2.3) was increased in second treatment (3-stages way) compared to the other treatments (usual way) (p <0.05). Therefore, 3-stages way in the second treatment dose (4mg/kg CPE+7μg/kg LHRHa2) is the best used way and concentration for artificial reproduction of Shabout brood stock.

Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) powder is used as a fish anesthetic because it is a natural and inexpensive product with low toxicity risks. The goal of the present study was to determine the appropriate concentration of clove powder for anesthetizing of snow trout, Schizothorax zarudnyi broods to be used in artificial reproduction. We applied three different clove powder concentrations (200, 250 and 300 mg/L) with 7 replicates for each concentration on female (1240.1 ± 291.3 g) and male (407.14 ± 55.8 g) broods. In addition to the time required for anesthesia and reduction, serum biochemistry parameters including glucose, total protein, IgM, C3 and C4 were monitored before and after anesthesia. Results showed that time elapsed for anesthesia and recovery of female broods at 250 mg/L was 160.14 ± 9.78 and 145 ± 12.1 seconds, respectively, which was less than 200 (319 ± 20.2 sec. for anesthesia and 108.63 ± 12.15 sec. for recovery) and 300 (117 ± 7.86 sec. for anesthesia and 271 ± 22.24 sec. for recovery) mg/L concentrations. Also, this time for male broods at 300 mg/L (86 ± 3.73 sec. for anesthesia and 64.71 ± 11.25 sec. for recovery) was less than the 200 (155.71 ± 7.81 sec. for anesthesia and 56.43 ± 7.73 sec. for recovery) and 250 (116.86 ± 12.57 sec. for anesthesia and 70.71 ± 14.44 sec. for recovery) mg/L concentrations. The anesthesia did not change blood glucose, total protein, and C4 levels, but IgM concentration was decreased at 300 mg/L in both female and male fish (p < 0.05) and C3 concentration was increased at 300 mg/L in the male brood (p < 0.05). We conclude that 250 mg/L of clove oil is the most efficient dose that requires fish euthanization for artificial reproduction.

The main obstacles to the artificial reproduction of sturgeon can be mentioned the long-term viability of sturgeon aquaculture and the significant mortality rate of fingerlings. Microalgae supplementation has been shown in numerous studies to have a positive effect on improving overall health and survival rates in a variety of fish species larvae. This study combines the findings of other studies with the results of experimental trials to try and elucidate the mechanisms underlying the beneficial benefits of Arthrospira platensis on Persian sturgeon fingerlings. It also seeks to provide helpful information on the optimal dosage and administration methods for A. platensis supplementation in sturgeon hatcheries. During a 12-week feeding trial, 600 A. persicus larvae (200.50± 0.07 g), were used in this study to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of A. platensis at different concentrations (2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%, compared to a 0% control) on the growth, survival, and hemo-biochemical indices. The 7.5% A. platensis-fed group showed significantly higher values of white blood cells, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. The 7.5% S. platensis-fed group also showed a significant increase in hemoglobin levels, red blood cells, hematocrit, and mean corpuscular volume values. Regarding blood biochemical indices, a significant decrease was observed in cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase levels. In addition, compared to other groups, A. platensis at 7.5% resulted in greater serum glucose and HDL levels. In conclusion, Supplementing with A. platensis in a concentration of 7.5% of the diet improves the general health and stress tolerance of Persian sturgeon fingerlings, as well as their survival rates during artificial reproduction.

Pomfret is one of the valuable and economic fishes in the Persian Gulf. According to observations and reports in the last 10 years, amount of fishing and it’s average size in the fishermen net is strongly decreased. The problems in it’s artificial reproduction, make impossible the restoration by reproduction way. For this reason accurate evaluation of population and then store management according to principles of population dynamic and it’s biology in the stable exploitation is necessary order. For this purpose performed extensive study between 2007 – 2013 years, that in this section is accounted growth coefficient, natural death amount, total death amount, fishing coefficient amount and then exploitation coefficient for evaluation; has been studied sexual testis and fishes puberty stages for store management. Growth coefficient is accounted during study 0.4, and after accounting total death, natural death and fishing coefficient, exploitation coefficient amount is 0.1296 that shows store reduction and critical status of population. The fish has a long spawning period from May to November (p 0.001). And the greatest sexual activity is in the female fishes with standard length 25.5cm and in the male fishes with standard length 21.5 cm (p<0.01).