This study was conducted to determine the chemical composition and of silages made from Alhagi with waste date Palm. The effect of feeding different levels of ensiled Alhagi with waste date Palm on dry matter intake, nutrients digestibility and blood parameters in Kermani sheep were investigated. For this purpose 100 k g of Alhagi with 20 kg of waste date Palm without kernel were mixed and ensiled for 45 d in containers with 100 liter capacity. After opening, chemical composition, PH and metabolizable energy of silages were determined. The experimental diets were: 1) control diet (without Alhagi with waste date Palm silage), 2) diet containing 7% Alhagi with waste date Palm silage, 3) diet containing 14% Alhagi with waste date Palm silage and 4) diet containing 21% Alhagi with waste date Palm silage. Four male rams (41±2 kg BW) were used in a 21 d 4×4 change over design. Blood samples were collected on last day of each sampling period before morning feeding. Adding different levels of waste date Palm to Alhagi during ensiling improved the quality of silage and increased crude protein and ether extract (P

Chemical compositions of treated date palm fronds with Neurospora Sitophila were determined by proximate analysis and dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and natural detergent fiber (NDF) degradabilities were studied by using in situ technique. The data were analyzed as completely randomized design. Mean values of DM, Organic Matter (OM), CP, NDF, acid detergent fiber (ADF) and ash for untreated date palm fronds were 94, 89.62, 5.1, 78.98, 77.23 and 10.08 percent, and for treated date palm fronds were 92.16, 88.76, 10, 77.45, 75.80 and 11.23 percent, respectively. After processing, CP of date palm fronds was increased (P<0.05), whereas the percentages of DM, NDF and ADF were decreased (P<0.05). Physical characteristics such as water-holding capacity and soluble DM were decreased, however, soluble ash, specific gravity and bulk density were increased by processing (P<0.05). Effective degradability and nutritive value index (NVI) of DM and CP, and NDF degradability for treated date palm fronds were higher than untreated (P<0.05). Generally, processing of date palm fronds by Neurospora Sitophila increased CP, effective degradability and NVI values and its physical characteristics was improved. Therefore, processed date palm fronds can be used as a valuable feed for animal consumption.

The vocabulary of a language or dialect is connected to the lifestyle, geography, and environment of its speakers. The city of Jahrom, located in the southwest of Iran in Fars Province, was historically referred to as "Date Palm Forest" due to the abundance of date palms and palm groves. Due to the numerous uses of date palms and their components in the daily lives of the people of Jahrom, parts and terms related to this tree have been named in this city. Furthermore, the date palm has permeated all branches of culture, including language, traditions, and beliefs of the people of this city, many of which have mythological roots. In this research, 200 words and terms related to date palms and date palm cultivation in Jahrom have been collected through documentary and field studies and categorized into seven groups: types of local date palms, parts of the date palm and its states, matters related to date palm cultivation, manufactured tools, related occupations, pests and diseases, and food products. A descriptive-analytical examination of these words indicates a belief in the anthropomorphism of the date palm in Jahrom. Based on the results of this study, most of the Jahromi words and terms regarding date palms and cultivation are of ancient Persian origin, with Arabic words being few and far between. These words are diverse, and 45 percent of them contain the Persian letters "پ، گ، چ، ژ." Since these words are significant manifestations of popular culture in Jahrom, analyzing them also aids in understanding the mental and psychological backgrounds of the people of this city. 

Environmental pollution is one of the main problems of human societies. Plants are able to affect the mobility of heavy metals in the rhizosphere due to root exudates and other mechanisms resulting in a change in their phytoextraction ability. One of the methods for reclaiming contaminated soils، called phytoremediation، makes use of plants. Phytoremediation has a lower cost، is compatible with nature، and requires less equipment and facilities. Khoozestan province not only has many oil wells but also many industries that are causing soil contamination. Therefore، there are several sources of soil pollution in the date palm orchards in Khoozestan province necessitating research on reclamation. This study was carried out with three replications in randomized block design in greenhouse at the Date Palm and Tropical Fruit Research Institute in Ahvaz with the following treatments: 1-control (only date treess)، 2-only corn، 3-only alfalfa، 4-only Sunflower، 5-corn intercropped with date palm، 6-alfalfa intercropped with date palm، 7- sunflower intercropped with date palm. After the crops were grown for one growth period، they were removal from the soil، and then were weighed. Concentrations of nitrogen، phosphorus، potassium، copper، manganese، and lead in soil and plant were measured. Uptake index was calculated. The results showed that alfalfa intercropped with date palm recorded significantly higher amount of fresh and dry weight than corn intercropped with date palm in pot. Sunflower and alfalfa grown alone recorded the highest and lowest lead uptake index، respectively. The highest rate of lead translocation factor belonged to alfalfa intercropped with date palm. In other words، alfalfa translocations of lead from root to shoot while intercropped with date palm was more than the other treatments.

The aim of the present study was to compare antioxidant properties of date palm and Zizyphus extracts in two concentrations (200 and 500ppm) more over investigation the possibility of synergism interaction between them. Date palm extract in all concentrations had a significant higher effect than Zizyphus in DPPH free radical scavenging assay, total antioxidant capacity and reducing power. Furthermore, zizyphus in all tests was weaker than BHT, but date palm in 500 ppm concentration had higher total antioxidant capacity and reducing power in comparison to BHT (100 ppm), and lower from BHT (200 ppm) in these assays. Among different combinations of these extracts, synergistic effect was found in two concentrations (200 and 500) in DPPH free radical scavenging assay(in concentration 200, Zizyphus80:date palm20, Zizyphus50:date palm50 and Zizyphus20:date palm80 and in concentration 500, Zizyphus40:date palm60 and Zizyphus20:date palm80) and also 200 ppm concentration in reducing power assay(Zizyphus40:date palm60 and Zizyphus20:date palm80). The result showed that date palm in high concentration (500 ppm) had similar capacity to low concentration (100 ppm) of BHT. Combination of date palm extract and low amount of zizyphus at high concentration (500 ppm) can compete with low concentration (100ppm) of BHT.

In this study, possibility of substituting date palm fibers, as a growth medium, for coco peat was investigated. First, moisture absorption, retention and loosing rate in date palm fibers, coco peat, peat moss, perlite and soil were examined by completely randomized blocks design in two time periods (3 and 5 days), with two groups of materials (date palm fibers- peat moss- perlite and coco peat-peat moss-perlite) in 11 treatments and 3 replications. To find the best treatment in each group, the response surface methodology and desirability function were used, and finally the optimized treatments for capability of holding moisture in the medium were statistically compared to other treatments. Results indicated that potential of absorption and loosing rate of moisture in coco peat, peat moss, date palm fibers, perlite and soil was decreased, respectively. Maximum amount of water holding capacity occurred in date palm fibers’ group by combination of 65-20-15% in 3 days and 75-10-15% in 5 days and in coco peat group with combination of 75-20-5% in 5 days.

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of processing date palm leaves with urea and enzyme on digestibility, rumination and some blood and rumen parameters of Arabian sheep. In this research, 16 Arabian sheep with an average age of 8 months and weight 28 ± 1.5 kg were used. The ratio of concentrate/forage in the treatments was 50:50. Treatments were including 1) diet contains wheat straw (control), 2) diet contains crude date palm leaves, 3) diet contains crude date palm leaves+ 3 g/kg Natuzyme enzyme and 4) diet contains date palm leaves processed with 4 % urea. In this experiment it is considered 21 days for adaptation and 14 days for sampling. At the end of the experiment, nutrient digestibility, feeding behavior and blood and rumen parameters were determined and the obtained data were analyzed in completely randomized design. Results showed feed intake, digestibility of dry matter and organic matter and blood cholesterol level were not influenced by experimental diets (P>0.05). However, digestibility of NDF and ADF, blood glucose and urea and ruminal ammonia concentration significantly increased in sheep fed with date palm leaves processed with urea (P

In order to investigate effect of two kinds of biochars (date palm and pistachio biochars) on yield and water use efficiency of eggplant in field condition a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design in three replications was carried out. The first factor was vermicompost in two levels (0 and 1500 g/m2) and the second factor was biochar in three levels (0, 500 g /m2 date palm and 500 g/m2 pistachio biochar). Results showed that the highest fresh and dry weight of aerial and root was obtained in the combination treatment of vermicompost and date palm biochar. The highest amount of chlorophyle a and b belonged to vermicompost treatment. The effect of biochar and interaction effect of vermicompost and biochar on fruit number per plant was significant. The highest fruit number per plant was obtained in application of vermicompost and date palm biochar. Application of vermicompost lead to the highest mean fruit weight. The highest total yield (7233 g/ plant) and water use efficiency (11.16 kg/m3) was observed in combination treatment of vermicompost and date palm biochar.

Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) is a monotonous tree that grows in the tropic areas. The southern regions and some parts of central Iran is its natural habitat. Tropical people use all the components of the tree and its fruits. In standard Persian, the Arabic word “naxl” is used to name it. However, in many Iranian dialects the words moɤ, mog, mok, mox, moč, mo, xormâ dâr and deraxt-e xormâ are used. These names have a specific geographical distribution. In the dialects of the southern provinces and the central districts where the date palm grows, it is called moɤ, mog, mok, mox, moč and mo. In the adjacent areas of these areas it is called “deraxt-e xormâ” and in the dialect of other areas which is further away from the natural habitat of date palm, it is called “xormâ dâr”. This naming relates to the importance of the date palm to the lives of the people in those areas, and it is also affected by the sanctity of the date palm.

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis (Foa) is a cosmopolitan soil-borne fungus responsible for the most destructive disease of the date palm tree Phoenix dactylifera L. in Morocco. In the present study, we used aqueous and methanolic root extracts from Punica granatum to evaluate their ability to induce date palm defense against Foa and their antifungal activity. The in vitro treatment of Foa by these extracts showed different inhibitory effects depending on the nature of the extract. The methanolic extract showed significant inhibition of both mycelial growth (51%) and biomass production (86.3%), while the aqueous extract inhibited the sporulation (99.3%) and the spore germination (75.9%) of the pathogen. Moreover, treatment of date palms with methanolic extract has shown a significant increase in phenolic content and peroxidase activity known to be involved in date palm defense against Foa. These preliminary results open a promising field to control date palm Fusarium wilt.