Aim& Basil (Ocimum basilicum) belongs to the family Lamiaceae. It is annual plant known as an important medicinal plant. To study the effects of nano-silver particles on salinity tolerance behaviors (Ocimum basilicum L.), the present research was conducted. experiments were carried out factorially based on CRD with four replicates during autumn 2013. Samples were treated with 6 levels of nano-silver particles, including 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mg.kg-1 and 6 levels of salinity 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 mmol.l-1. Salinity treatments were prepared using NaCl and CaCl2 at the rate of 1:1 in Hogland solution of 50%. The germination percentages, germination speed, vigor index, were also determined. Results showed that the application of nano-silver particles at the concentration of 40 mg.kg-1 led to the increases in germination percentage and improved the resistance to salinity conditions. the application of nano silver at suitable levels during germination process may enhance germination traits, plant growth and resistance to salinity conditions in basil seedlings.

Antimicrobial effects of nano silver particles have received enormous attention in medical and dental applications. Despite of wide spread use of nanosilver there is not enough studies about its side effects on human. Some studies have exhibited cytotoxicity of nano-silver particles. This research was designed to investigate the cytotoxic effect of nano silver particles on L929 fibroblasts cells, by MTT assay. In this experimental study, nano silver particles with 5,10,20,30,40 and 50 ppm concentration were exposed to 10.000 L929 fibroblast cells then cell vitality was assessed after 2,24,48 and 72 hours by MTT method. The light absorption was evaluated by Elisa Reader and recorded. Data was subjected to ANOVA test for statistical analysis. In all concentration groups, vitality of cells were the least after 24 hours, but the vitality of cells increased after 48 hours. The increase after 48H was statistically significant (p<0.05). Also concentrations more than 20 ppm in 2,24 and 48 H were significantly cytotoxic for fibroblasts. Nano silver particles at concentrations less than 20 ppm after 72 hours did not have toxic effects.

Disturbance in water relations is the major causes of vase life reduction and senescence in cut flowers This problem is mainly due to microorganism proliferation in the vase solution which leads to vascular occlusion and reduction in solution uptake by cut flowers. Therefore a comprehensive study was conducted to evaluate the biocidal effect of nano silver particles (NSP) and compare it with some previously applied biocides. Roses (cv. Cherry Brandy) were treated in a completely randomized design with: colloid of NSP, citric acid, aluminum sulfate, hydroxyquinoline citrate (HQC), calcium hypochlorite, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), tap water, or sterilized distilled water as vase water or solution. Longest vase life was observed in flowers treated with nano silver particles, aluminum sulphate and citric acid, respectively. Nano silver particles, HQC and calcium hypochlorite were the most effective treatments in controlling microbial population followed by aluminum sulfate as the second effective treatment. Nano silver particles, HQC and calcium hypochlorite completely inhibited the microbial growth during the first six days of experiment. Moreover, aluminum sulfate retarded microbial growth, proliferation and growth rate more efficiently than others. Each treatment allowed proliferation of a specific microbe. In general, two yeasts, six fungi, and 26 bacterial colonies were isolated from different vase solutions. Among the isolated fungi, one isolate was Trichoderma harzianum and the five other were different strains of Fusarium solani. Identified bacterial isolates were Bacillus sp., Coccus spp., Streptomyces sp., Pectobacterium sp., Burkholderia sp., and Pseudomonas sp. Bacillus was the most wide spread microorganism in most treatments. Identified Bacillus sp. isolates were B. polymexa, B. subtilis, B. megaterium and B. circulans. Since nano silver significantly improved vase life and effectively controlled microbial proliferation in vase solution, our results suggest that nano silver application could be considered as a biocidal preservative solution for rose cut flowers.

Nanoscience to develop low-cost applications of nanotechnology have led to increased plant growth. Human use of silver dates back more than 5,000 years ago. The effect of nano silver particles in inhibition of the growth of fungi and bacteria was proved. In this study, effect of nano silver particles on plant pathogens and their action mechanisms was studied. Nano technology has provided new solutions for treatment of plants in plant- pathogen interaction. Successful use of silver nanoparticles as anti-fungal and anti-bacterial agents, leads its application in controlling plant pathogens.

The nano silver particles has been attractive the large number of researchers. These properties are due to the very high volume ratio of these particles. Although there are different methods have been offered for the synthesis of nano particles of silver but the chemical recovery method because of the simplicity and ability to control and particle's size is the most common methods to product nano particles. In this research the effect of silver disinfection in water has been investigated. The silver particles are produced with using silver nitrate and sodium citrate and then the polyamide is coated on the polymer and used as absorbent filter. Morphology was determined by absorbing the surface and the shape and size of nano particles with an electron microscope and also it the same about the present of silver in the polymer after coating with an X-ray diffraction device (EDAX). The nutrient agar is used for investigate of the effect of nano silver disinfection in water pollution (Escherichia coli) from the general culture medium and also the effects of changing of power hydrogen (pH) temperatures and duration of contact required for disinfection water studied.

Alstroemeria is one of the most important cut flowers in the world which is multiplicated by rhizome explants in in vitro conditions. The major problem in using rhizome explants is fungal and bacterial contamination which inhibit the preparation of strill explants. Therefor in this experiment, the effect of disinfecting compounds like sodium hypochlorite, mercury chloride, nano silver particles, the antibiotics of streptomycin, penicillin, cefotaxime and carbendazim fungicide were examined on controlling of contamination. After disinfection, the explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L BA and 0.2 mg/L NAA. Contamination percentage was measured after three weeks. The results showed that the treatment of plants with 0.4% carbendazim fungicide and disinfection by 70% ethanol for one minute and %3 sodium hypochlorite for 20 minutes for caralis cultivar, and disinfection by 70% ethanol for one minute and %3 sodium hypochlorite for 20 minutes follow by culturing in medium with 200 mg/l either of streptomycin and penicillin in Bordeaux cultivar had the lowest contamination percentage. Contamination was not controlled by nano silver particles in studied plants.

Introduction & Every year, hundreds of thousands of people in the world because of the need to stay in hospital burn damages. Accelerate healing and prevent infection of the goals is the topical treatment of burn wounds. Prevent the transmission of microorganisms and remove exudates such as the characteristics of the ideal dressing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chitosan gel modified with silver nanoparticles in the second degree burn wounds respectively. Second degree burn was studied in dorsal aspect of 36 rats. Then the rats were divided in 4 groups: the wound was cared in the group 1 with chitosan gel combined with silver Nano-particle, in the group 2 with chitosan gel without nonosilver particle, in the group 3 with silver sulfadiazine and in the 4th group without treatment, as a control group. The healing rat and histopathologic characteristic was evaluated. The healing rat was significantly better in chitosan combined with Nano-silver particle group. Also in histopathologic examination, the fibroblasts counting and re-epithelialization were significantly better in the chitosan combined with Nano-silver groups. Chitosan combined with Nano-silver particle is a very acceptable dressing material, it accelerates wound healing and prevents infection.

In this study silver nano particles was used to improve the antibacterial properties of paper. This material was used at two levels of concentration (25 ppm and 100 ppm in pulp suspension). All hand-sheet’s antibacterial properties were evaluated using the OD method. In this method Escherichia coli bacteria and Bacillus subtilis bacteria were used that theses tow bacteria are representative of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria respectively. Results have shown that nano silver particles at the same consumption levels had a larger reduction in growth of E. coli in comparison to Bacillus. Also، all concentration levels of nano silver reduced the growth of both bacteria، but low consumption value of nano silver (ppm 25) reduced the growth of both bacteria significantly that is very important in terms of its safety and health. Finally، according to the results، the use of nano silver didn’t show conventional negative effects of additives and fillers on reducing of some physical، mechanical and optical properties.

Packaging is one of the important factors in determining storage life of foods and nanotechnology can extend this life by improving the quality of packaging materials. In this study, the effect of packaging materials containing nano-silver and nano-clay silicate particles on postharvest quality attributes and shelf life of sweet cherry (Prunus avium) cv. Syaahe Mashhad fruits was studied after 45 days storing at 1 ± 1 °C and 90% ± 2 relative humidity. For this purpose, the amount of antioxidant, marketability, total acidity, total phenolic compounds, vitamin C, fruit decay, fruit pedicel browning index, pH, and total soluble solids of fruits were evaluated during the storage period. The results indicated that in comparison with common polymeric packaging material, the packages containing nano-silver particles based on polyethylene significantly caused to retain antioxidants quantity. Moreover, the packages containing nano-silver and nano-clay silicate particles effectively kept vitamin C, total phenolic compounds and fruit marketability.

Present study conducted to review effects of heat treatment on weight loss، water adsorption، and thickness swelling of poplar (Populus nigra) and beech (Fagus oreintalis) woods impregnated with nano-copper and nano-silver. Specimens werepressur (2. 5 bar) impregnated with 400 PPM water-based solution of nano-copper and nano-silver particles in a pressure vessel. For heat treatment، nano-cupper، nano-silver impregnated and control specimens، were heat treated at 145°C temperature for 24 hours. Water absorption and thickness swelling decreased in heat treated and nano-heat treated specimens and this decrease in specimens impregnated with nano-copper and nano-silver was more obvious than in heat treated control specimens. The reasons were the degradation in crystal sections of celluloses chains and the ink variation of wood polymers. On the other hand، a comparison between heat treated and nano- heat treated specimens has shown weight loss further in nano-heat treated specimens. This shows that retent nano-copper and nano-silver by impregnation facilitates heat transfer in wood; and it may increase the process of degradation and pyrolysis of wood structures in inner parts of specimens.