مجله اندیشه مذاهب اسلامی
پیاپی 1 (بهار و تابستان 1395)

In the light of peace and security, peaceful co-existence brought humanity to come. Given the importance of this issue in the article The view of the Qur'an about peaceful coexistence with other religions, are discussed. Certainly all divine religions and prophets and saviors of mankind and harbingers of monotheism promote peace, security and loving behavior towards the followers of other religions are; But religions over time and led away by friends of God, to accept deviations gradually, sometimes influenced by other nations, living peacefully with followers of other religions have been denied, As followers of Judaism and Christianity have turned to racism and has waged many wars and many people killed, Other nations or in their service, they were Intimidate others or sanctions. But in Islam, peace and peaceful coexistence of people with different beliefs and religions, a security value and purpose that physical, psychological and social implications.

Rationality and peaceful coexistence in the world today often consider that a product of the West and modernity concepts  And other cultures and civilizations, especially Islam are not familiar with such concepts, While scientific and historical research indicates that To what extent is this notion upside down; Islam is the best and the highest figure in the history of tolerance ideas shown opposition And hundreds of years before Europeans of tolerance and peaceful coexistence-speak, Muslims in Islamic culture and civilization were committed to it. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) and Imam Ali (AS), fourteen centuries ago in a world where the concept of religious life was completely unknown to mankind, The Muslim nation to recognize and unreservedly with it invited Accordingly, this article is in two parts, tolerance and religious pluralism from an Islamic perspective discusses normative. In the first part, then discuss the issue and its background in Christian and Islamic civilizations, Islam is about tolerance and explain its theoretical foundations, Then in the second part of the realization of peaceful coexistence in Islamic culture expressed.

Petrifaction and fanaticism which ends up in someone's excommunication and Scare and prevent and create division and discord, a scourge that unfortunately has long been plagued Muslim world. And now the damage and losses realized Islam and the Islamic nation has harmful.             
Fanaticism, extremism is Carnal mode and Cramps spirit and spiritual as a result of misunderstanding and no reason and contemplation of the facts and issues arise. The symbol of the spirit and excommunication and extremist approach is. The aim of this research was encounter and deal rationally with fanaticism and the excommunication and prevent the growth and progress of the Islamic nation, with solutions taking into account the present situation and of the Holy Quran is the Muslim world. The most important elements of fanaticism: Ignorant, irrational, violence, extremism, intransigence in interactions with others and is partiality. In this research, the analysis and the guidelines of the Qur'an that deal with the elements of fanaticism and streams has been excommunication. Quran to save mankind and human society from backwardness and sinister phenomenon of excommunication and the excommunication groups emphasized and Attention to Islamic unity and reverence for human life and property, softness and tolerance in dealing and interacting with others, moderation and Attention to installment, Recognition and deep understanding of the extent of the territory has knowledge.

Rationality as it plays an important role in the understanding of religion has also a direct impact on religious practices; because practice comes from intellectual perceptions. The extent of the understanding of religious texts depends on the level of use that the followers of different religions make from rationality and according this level of use of rationality, understanding will be broad or narrow and consequently, faithful’s external actions and practices will be different. Among Sunnis exoteric and among Shiites literalists are known to be anti-rationalists. In this article a brief comparison between these both religious sects have been made and the similarities between them from the point of view of the understanding of the religion and religious practices have been analyzed.

Islamic rationality containing attributes, features and capacity, that whenever these characteristics and features reinforcing and growing in minds and behavior of Muslims, for the sake of generality and subscribe of its features, undoubtedly Islamic societies closing to unity and nearness too. For proving this manner in this text, briefly three important and essential point design expanded. First point attention and concentration from view of Islam to role and importance of reasoning, deep spread and expand of  rich Islamic rationality and dynamism and magnificence of Islamic civilization and culture, second point is point out to annihilation process of  valuable life of Islamic rationality in modern world and emphasizing to reconstruction necessity of them, and final and basic point is, revealing and vindication of this manner that, Islamic ration have special attributes, whenever all Muslim individuals attention to fortification of them and use them on their thoughts and deeds, Islamic societies will be reach to unity and nearness.