نشریه مطالعات مدیریت شهری
پیاپی 48 (زمستان 1400)

The most important issue in the process of preparing and implementing urban development plans is the issue of their feasibility, and if these plans are implemented in the prescribed manner, public benefits and facilities will be provided and many urban problems will be resolved.. However, there are very few studies that show the feasibility of these projects in small towns.For this reason, in this article, the master plan of Askran city of Isfahan province with the level of small-scale cities has been studied.

The present research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature and its data is based on documentary sources and field observation.

The results show that the average percentage of feasibility of the proposed population of the comprehensive plan of Asgaran city is equal to 60.84%, which can be selected as the average feasibility of land uses. Accordingly, the feasibility of administrative and disciplinary uses, residential, educational, historical heritage and urban facilities above average, and the feasibility of other land uses have been below average.Among these uses, two commercial-service uses and park and green space had less than ten percent feasibility and recreational-tourism use, protective and therapeutic green space had zero and even negative feasibility. Thus, it can be said that the feasibility of land use proposed by the Asgaran Master Plan has been very low.

Asgaran city master plan, like all comprehensive plans prepared with a traditional model, has little feasibility and with most of the weaknesses and bottlenecks of this model, including the separation of the design process from the implementation stage, definite planning and user location Followed by little flexibility and non-adaptation to changing spatio-temporal conditions, disregard for the financial and administrative resources of the municipality, stereotyping of the plan, disregard for the interests and needs of stakeholders, disregard for macroeconomic and political factors And social, ignorance of land ownership, and so on.

 Governance is a new approach introduced in 1970 replacing the traditional management models and since then, has attracted lots of researches in different parts of the world. So far, various types of this approach have been presented in the world, one of which being multi-level governance. In Iran, this theory was used to provide a model for governance in the metropolitan area of Mashhad in 2017. In the present article, an attempt has been made to use this theory _multi-level governance_ to assess governance in Iran.

In order to achieve this goal, a qualitative method was used. First, the indicators of multi-level governance were extracted using a research review method, then the structure of urban and regional management of Iran was identified using a systematic review method, and finally based on the extracted indicators of multi-level governance, Iran’s governance structure was assessed.

Among the six indicators studied, urban and regional management of Iran shows unfavorable condition in three indicators (network space, poly-centric space of power, and faded borders), to some extent favorable condition in two indicators (participatory space and pluralistic space), and a favorable condition in one indicator (multi-actor space).

The study of the six indicators shows unfavorable condition of governance in Iran from the perspective of multilevel governance.

The concept of civil rights is necessity of human society and all governments strive to comply with it. One of the most important things that make a country desirable to its citizens is cultural services. In this regard, providing cultural services is one of the ways to increase citizens' awareness of their citizenship rights. The aim of the present study was to identify the relationship between the provision of cultural services of Tehran District 8 Municipality on raising the level of citizens' awareness of citizenship rights, which in terms of purpose is applied and in terms of information collection is field and survey. The statistical population consists of all citizens and employees of the municipality of District 8 of Tehran active in the cultural services sector. In this study, stratified random sampling method was used. Therefore, the sample size was 388 based on Morgan and Krejcie table. Two standard and researcher-made questionnaires were used to collect the required information. Two methods of descriptive and inferential statistical tests are used by SPSS software. To evaluate the overall status of the research variables from a statistically comprehensive point of view, t-sample test with hypothetical mean is used which showed that there is a significant difference (0.000) with 99% confidence and error level less than 0.001. With the difference of the statistical comprehensive mean is higher than the assumed mean (3). Finally, the results showed that the situation of municipal cultural services in District 8 of Tehran is above average and the situation of citizens' awareness of citizenship rights in the municipality of District 8 of Tehran is at an average level. Also, providing cultural services to Tehran Municipality, District 8, is related to raising the level of awareness of citizenship rights.

Place as opposed to the "outside" environment as an "inside" needs a clear boundary or definition to define itself, which must connect the inner world to the outside world with openings and create a transitional area that indicates the degree of continuity in Existential space. This study tries to investigate the components affecting the intertwining of semi-open architectural space in the residential body.

In the first part, the research method has been evaluated by examining the literature review in relation to the intertwining of place in semi-open architectural space and the components that lead to further reading of this semantic body. In the second part of the survey method and field studies; Used to prove research hypotheses. Research method in this study is a combined strategic type and the statistical population of architectural experts with a sample size of 215 people who have been selected by random classification sampling. Tests used in this study: Kruskal, Human-Whitney parametric test and correlation in SPSS21 software environment.

The semantic factor component and the physical factor component, by emphasizing the role of semi-open space as a mediator on the intertwining of inside and outside place in a residential space, can affect the continuity and continuity of architectural space.

The results show that the components of sensory perception and components of spatial perception are effective in semantic reading in the intertwining of semi-open architectural space in the body of residential space.

 One of the service centers that play an important role in the safety of the city is the fire stations. Prompt and timely access from these stations to the scene of the accident requires the optimal distribution of fire stations throughout the city. The study's purpose is to investigate the proper location of fire stations in the city of Mashhad using hybrid methods.

This research is an applied goal and is descriptive-analytical in type. Layers of information The criteria for distance from existing fire stations, medical centers, roads, administrative centers and training centers in the spatial information system environment are prepared and weighted using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Then, the overlap map of these criteria was classified into five classes and the first 20 points in the most suitable classes for the construction of the fire station were selected. Then, using genetic algorithms (GA) and particle swarm (PSO) and using the criteria of distance from sports centers, religious centers, gas stations and gas stations, cultural, historical and commercial centers, these 20 selected points were compared with each other and The optimal point for the construction of a fire station has been proposed.

GA and PSO have proposed the same point with a fit function of 4.98 as the best place for the construction of a fire station in Mashhad.

The performance results of the two meta-heuristic algorithms show that according to the defined parameters for each of the algorithms, PSO reaches the optimal answer in less time than GA.

Purpose of the study: 

The present research aimed to identify and prioritize the effective factors of achieving happy city in East Azerbijan.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in method.

Society:

 The statistical population of the study includes 20 mayors in East Azerbaijan province.

The Delphi Technique was applied to identify the effective factors through the experts’ view. Finally prioritizing was performed.

Findings and According:

  to this research, five factors (economic, social, civic, behavioral, and managerial) and 16 indicators were identified. The income indicator is the most important one, and the rules and services are the next respectively. Since the vitality of the cities is considered as one of the main reasons of civil managerial systems, the identified components could be taken into consideration for precise programming to remove the obstacles of achieving a happy city. The results of the study confirm the findings of the previous researches.