فصلنامه مطالعات میان فرهنگی
پیاپی 48 (پاییز 1400)

The United States and Western countries are trying to create differences between religions and incite Shiite phobia by using soft and hard power. The Arbaeen march, having the characteristics of a social movement, has been able to affect the unity and solidarity of Muslims and to influence the enemy's efforts to divide and create insecurity. Is it conceivable that the various dimensions of this march have led to the formation of elements of Muslim soft power?

This study seeks to investigate the dimensions of the Arbaeen march and its relationship with the formation of elements of soft power of Muslims. This study introduces the characteristics of the Arbaeen movement to form the elements of the soft power of Muslims.

This research was conducted using a quantitative and survey method and its information was collected through a questionnaire.

The main hypothesis of the research, i.e., the existence of a relationship between the dimensions of the Arbaeen march and the formation of elements of soft power of Muslims was confirmed. The conceptual interaction of the Arbaeen march with the social movement and soft power is one of the new achievements of this research. In the Arbaeen march, a social movement is formed that leads to the emergence of elements of soft Muslim power, which are: convergence, unity and solidarity between religions and nations, the unification of Iran and Iraq, the Islamic Enlightenment and awakening, High power of Muslim mobilization.

The issue of gender and the resulting considerations in the field of educational policy-making have created common issues regardless of cultural and social differences in educational systems. Issues that identify and explain commonalities and differences can help us better understand the scope of issues related to gender and education and policy making. The present qualitative research has been conducted with the aim of identifying the nature of the issues governing the relationship between gender and education using systematic review. In this process, while evaluating domestic and foreign articles and researches related to gender and education in valid scientific databases, 39 Persian and English sources in three axes of identifying the dimensions, contexts and levels of gender and education in the final stage are analyzed. The results of this study indicate that the main challenge of educational systems in Western countries is at the level of educational structures and is influenced by the issue of rejecting or justifying gender segregation, while in Iran, the main challenge of gender considerations is at the curriculum level. In addition, it seems that the common ground of issues in this field in all educational systems is the issue of gender / gender differences influenced by anthropological principles, which explains the approach of that system to the issue of gender and the considerations arising from it.

Places clearly have values, one of which is cultural values. The decorative methods of Qajar houses had pure structural values with a realistic content in its own time. Not enough study has been carried out on the factors affecting the cultural value of these places, despite the great value of houses in the Qajar period. The purpose of this study was to investigate the aspects of the originality of Qajar period house decorations and their role in the cultural values of this valuable heritage. The present study is a descriptive-analytical survey. The research area is the houses of Imam Jomeh, Vosough Al-Dawlah and Mostofi Al-Mamalek in Tehran. Statistical population of research is visitors of selected houses and the sample size is 384 people. Data were collected by library and field method (researcher-made questionnaire) and analyzed using factor analysis and regression methods. The results showed that the special characteristics of the decoration of the architecture of the houses under study are carving, tiling, plastering, painting, brickwork, trainings, Mogharnas, mirror work, lambing, sash and knitting, sash and wooden masonry. aspects of the originality of the decorations used in these houses; are original, exceptional, referential and influential originality. Influential originality with a coefficient of 0.466, the most important aspect of originality and referential, exceptional and original originalities are in the next priorities, respectively. In general, it can be concluded that the cultural values of Qajar houses in Tehran have been influenced by the characteristic features and originality of the decorations used in these places.

The aim of this study was to identify the dimensions and factors affecting the promotion of organizational culture (Cultural and Artistic Organization of Tehran Municipality. The method used in this study was descriptive-analytical and quantitative in terms of analysis tools. The statistical population and sample size include two sections of the staff of Tehran Municipality Cultural and Art Organization (population 4000 and sample size equal to 350 people) and management experts (sample of 15 cases). Three models of factor analysis, fuzzy AHP and fuzzy dimtel have been used to investigate different aspects of the importance of organizational culture indicators. Factor analysis shows that 8 combination factors are involved in shaping the organizational culture (combination of 56 items). Then, using the fuzzy HP method, 5 items were entered into the fuzzy demitel matrix as indicators with the highest rank. The results showed the main effect of risk index on other indicators (creativity and innovation, risk, the effect of decision results on employees, team attention and ambition and daring). As a result, based on identifying the variables studied in the present study and considering the important role of risk index in promoting other components of organizational culture, it is proposed to draw an index-based climate in the organization based on cultural factors.

Given the position of insurance in the economic and social development of the country, undoubtedly requires the existence of infrastructure for expansion at the community level, in which the position of culture as a factor to internalize insurance for individuals in society. Development as a multidimensional process is an attempt to improve the material and spiritual life of human beings and culture as the basis of the intellectual and epistemological life of society. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the factors affecting the cultural development of insurance with the strategic management approach of Neyshabour residents. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational and causal in nature. The statistical population of the study was insurance customers in Neyshabour. Based on Morgan's table, 384 people were selected as a statistical sample and questionnaires were randomly distributed among them. The validity of the questionnaire was determined using the opinion of experts and in order to assess the validity of the structure, its reliability was also measured by Cronbach's alpha. The results show that the components of new technologies, customer respect, insurance diversity, applied training, expediting compensation, effective advertising have a positive and significant effect on the development of insurance purchasing culture that accelerating compensation is the most important factor in the cultural development of purchasing insurance is among the residents of Neyshabour with a strategic management approach. Effective advertising, customer honors, new technology, insurance diversity and applied training are of paramount importance.

Problem-finding and correct definition of cultural issues is an important and necessary cornerstone for effective cultural policy-making, and the lack of a suitable model for it has already led to many problems in this area. This research aims to provide a creative model in the field of problem solving and definition of cultural issues based on TRIZ. The present article has been done by Delphi qualitative method and thus after compiling the initial model, this model was modified and completed in three Delphi rounds with six experts and then reviewed and approved by experts during a focus group meeting. The final model puts several TRIZ tools together in a logical way and, with a step-by-step process, makes the policy-maker more aware of the problem. The steps of this process model are: (1) the initial definition of the problem (what it is) (2) the perception of the problem as a system (3) the analysis of the actors and stakeholders associated with the problem (4) the collection of existing data on the problem (5) the exact definition of the problem (Why) (6) Select the problem level and determine its properties with the help of a five-level matrix (7) Complete the nine-window matrix (8) Define the problem. This model is completely localized for the field of culture and in it, in accordance with the requirements of this field in different stages, innovations and changes in the tools of TRIZ have been created. Two features of TRIZ knowledge, namely the variety of tools and focus on thought structures, make it possible to use it effectively in the field of cultural policy-making and by using its principles and tools, to fill the gaps in the country's cultural problem-solving.