نشریه روان پرستاری
سال دهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 51، امرداد و شهریور 1401)

the temperamental traits are considered as an important risk factor for conduct disorder and the mechanisms of this relations is not clear. The aim of this study was investigating the mediating role of anger rumination in relations of affective temperaments with symptoms of conduct disorder in adolescents

The method of this study was descriptive- correlational. The statistical population included all first and second periods of high school students in Urmia city in the 2020-2021 academic years. Two hundred and twenty people were selected by multistage random sampling method and answered to the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ), affective and emotional composite temperaments scale (AFECT) and anger rumination scale (ARS). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling via SmartPLS 3.

The results of structural equation modeling showed that internalized and stalble temperaments has negative direct effect on symptoms of conduct disorder, while the externalised and unstable temperament has positive direct effect on symptoms of conduct disorder. Furthermore, externalized and stable temperaments via negative effect on anger rumination and internalized and unstable temperament via positive effect on rumination have indirect effect on symptoms of conduct disorder (p<0.05).

These results conveals that externalized and unstable temperaments can be act as a risk factor and internalized and stable temperaments can be act as a protective factor for symptoms of concuct disorder. Anger rumination also mediate the relations of affective temperaments with symptoms of conduct disorder.

Memory problems, especially Over general Autobiographical, play a central role in the development, persistence, and treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of memory-specific training in reducing cognitive and emotional symptoms in people with post-traumatic stress disorder.

This research was an experimental type (pre-test-post-test with control group and one-month follow-up). The statistical population in this study included all people with experience of earthquake trauma and PTSD syndrome living in Sarpolezahab city in the first quarter of 2022. Thirty patients with post-traumatic stress disorder were selected by Convenience sampling and randomly assigned to experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups. The experimental group underwent Memory Specificity Training in 6 sessions of 90 minutes, one day a week, but no intervention was performed for the control group. Both groups (control and experimental) before and after the intervention and after a one-month follow-up responded to the questionnaires of Diffiiculties in Emotion Regulation Scale- Short Form (DERS-16), Attention to Positive and Negative Information Scale (APNIS), and the Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scal (BDEFS). For data analysis, mixed analysis of variance test and Bonferroni post hoc test using SPSS software version 28 were used.

There was a significant difference between the mean scores of the post-test of the intervention and control groups, so that the Memory Specificity Training significantly reduced negative emotional dysregulation, attention bias and Inhibition deficite in The intervention group (P <0.05), this difference was also maintained in the one-month follow-up phase.

According to the results, the use of group therapies such as the Memory Specificity Training have positive effects on reducing negative emotional dysregulation, attention bias and Inhibition deficite of people with post-traumatic stress disorder. Therefore, it is recommended as an effective intervention to reduce cognitive and emotional problems in people with post-traumatic stress disorder.

Hospitalization in the cardiac care unit (CCU) is a stressful event that can adversely affect the patient's recovery process. Another factor that may be affected by stress is hemodynamic indices. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of stress on hemodynamic indices in patients admitted to the CCU.

The present study is a descriptive correlational study in which the research population consisted of patients admitted to the CCU of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran in the second half of 1400. 210 patients were selected by Convenience Sampling and based on inclusion criteria. Patients' demographic questionnaires and DASS-21 were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16 software.

The mean age of patients was 53.85 ±13.89 years. 65.3% of patients were male, 91.3% were married and 48% had undergraduate education. The mean stress of patients was 22.81 ±9.57 in the moderate range. 14.76% had normal stress, 27.61% had mild stress, 39.04% had moderate stress, 13.80% had severe stress and 4.79% had very severe stress. Correlation between patients' stress with hemodynamic indicators such as systolic blood pressure (P <0.001, r = 0.726), mean arterial pressure (P <0.001, r = 0.435), heart rate (P <0.001, 311) R = 0) and respiratory rate (P = 0.002, r = 0.255) were significant, so that with increasing stress, all these indicators increased.

The stress level of patients admitted to CCU was moderate, but according to the effects on the recovery process and hemodynamic indicators should be managed, it is recommended that nurses working in CCU in their examination to psychological complications and consequently it should pay attention to hemodynamic indicators.

Major depression is a common disease in the world that is associated with cognitive disorders including executive dysfunction.One of the new therapies that targets cognitive disorders is computerized cognitive training. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of computerized cognitive training package on executive functions in depressed individuals in comparison with the active control group.

The present study was an experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all people aged 20 to 35 years who referred to psychology and psychiatric centers in Tehran who received a diagnosis of major depressive disorder in August 1400. The sampling method in this research is a two-stage cluster random method. From 22 districts of Tehran and in proportion to the volume of clusters, two districts were selected. From the centers of these two regions, 5 centers were randomly selected. By referring to these five centers, among the people who met the inclusion criteria, 28 people were selected by availability and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. First, tests (Cantab, N-back and Daneman & Carpenter Working Memory) were performed for both groups. Then, the computerized cognitive training package of the developed computers (20 sessions of 20 minutes) was performed on the experimental group and non-targeted programs (20 sessions of 20 minutes) were performed for the control group. The tests were performed again for both groups. The results were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance.

The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between the mean of the dependent variable (executive function) between the experimental and control groups (Wilks Lambda= F(12,7)=3.44,P=0.04, 2η=0.85)

The results of this study showed that the computerized cognitive training package improves executive functions and can be used as a new treatment to target cognitive disorders caused by major depression.

The Covid-19 pandemic had a profound effect on nurses' health as a key member of care and treatment teams. The aim of this study was determine the effect of positivist mindfulness education on health anxiety, feeling of happiness and health adjustment of nurses during the Covid-19 pandemic.

The present study in terms of purpose was applied and In terms of implementation method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The research population was nurses of Shafa hospital of Ahvaz city during the Covid-19 pandemic in the 2021 year, which numbers of 40 nurses according to the inclusion criteria were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly by lottery replaced into two equal groups. The experimental group was educated 8 sessions of 90 minutes (two sessions per week) with positivist mindfulness education method and the control group was placed on the waiting list for educating. Data were collected by short form of health anxiety inventory (Salkovskis & et al, 2002), feeling of happiness inventory (Lentz, 2010) and health adjustment subscale (Bell, 1961) and analyzed by chi-square and multivariate analysis of covariance tests in SPSS-19 software.

The findings showed that the experimental and control groups did not significant difference in terms of gender, marriage and education (P>0.05). Other findings showed that the positive mindfulness education led to decrease health anxiety, increase feelings of happiness and improve health adjustment of nurses during the Covid-19 pandemic (P<0.001).

The results indicated the effect of positive mindfulness education method on improving the psychological characteristics of nurses during the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, health professionals and therapists can be used for improve the psychological characteristics, especially health anxiety, feeling of happiness and health adjustment from the positive mindfulness education method along with other effective educational methods.

Depression is one of the most common and debilitating mental disorders in adolescents that has a devastating effect on their abilities, performance, relationships, and other areas of adolescents' life. This disorder is often accompanied by a decrease in affective capital, which is associated with sadness, lack of energy, inattention, and lack of interest. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of existentialism acceptance and commitment therapy and compassion-focused therapy on the affective capital of depressed adolescent girls.

The method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up periods. The statistical population consisted of depressed adolescent girls in district 3 of Isfahan in the fall of 2021 year. From the statistical population, 45 people were selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group. Kutcher depression scale was used for initial screening and Golperor affective capital questionnaire was used to measure the dependent variable in three stages. For the experimental groups, ten sessions of compassion-based therapy and existentialism acceptance and commitment therapy were performed and during this time, the control group did not receive any treatment. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test.

 The results showed that in affective capital, the difference between the two treatment groups and the control group was significant (P <0.05), But there was no significant difference between the two treatment groups (P> 0.05).

  With the concern of the research’s result, existentialism acceptance and commitment therapy and compassion-focused therapy have appropriate efficacy in the improvement of affective capital of adolescent girls. Therefore, it is suggested to use these two treatments in schools and treatment centers for depressed adolescent girls.

Sexual interest/arousal disorder in women causes emotional and psychological damage and decreases marital quality and satisfaction and increases marital burnout. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the sexual function index and the quality of the marital relationships of women with sexual interest/arousal disorder.

The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included women with sexual interest/arousal disorder referred to counseling centers in Isfahan in 2020-2021, from which 30 people were selected by purposive sampling and randomly assigned to two groups (15 people in each group). Subjects of all two groups were evaluated in the pre-test stage with scales. Then the experimental group underwent an 8-session weekly intervention for two months and the control group did not receive any intervention. At the end of the intervention sessions, the members of the two groups were re-evaluated with research tools. SPSS 23 statistical software and univariate and multivariate covariance analysis statistical methods along with LSD follow-up test were used for data analysis.

The results of covariance analysis showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy was able to improve sexual desire (F=63.069 and sig=0.001), sexual arousal (F=51.439 and sig=0.001), sexual satisfaction (F= 7.07 and sig=0.014), improve orgasm (F=32.18 and sig=0.001) and quality of marital relationship (F=11.34 and sig=0.001).

According to these results, it can be said that the psychotherapy protocol for sexual desire/arousal disorder has the necessary effectiveness in modulating the symptoms of this disorder and can be used as a suitable treatment option along with other psychotherapy models for this disorder.

The aim of this study was to explain the effectiveness of sociodrama intervention to reducing anxiety in children with social anxiety disorder.

Research method in this study was a single-subject of AB experimental designs. The study population consisted of all children with social anxiety disorder 6 to 7 years that attended psychological centers in Tehran in 2021. Among them, 5 children with social anxiety disorder (two boys and three girls) were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and by purposive sampling. Sociodrama intervention was performed for each child in 10 sessions. The research instrument was Spence Children Anxiety Scale (1997) and Social Behavior Checklist (Made by a researcher). Each participant was evaluated 5-6 times before the intervention (stage A) and then underwent were trained separately sociodrama (stage B). Data were analyzed using visual analysis at both within-condition and between-condition levels. 

The results showed that sociodrama intervention reduce anxiety in children with social anxiety disorder in Spence Children Anxiety Scale; and the recovery rate in each of the single behaviors of anxiety and avoidance in problem solving, anxiety and avoidance in self-control, anxiety and avoidance in responsibility, anxiety and avoidance in communicate, anxiety and avoidance in finding friend, anxiety and avoidance in participation and cooperation and anxiety and avoidance in assertiveness respectively was 67.01, 83.30, 82.80, 82.65, 77.37, 86.88 and 82.78 percentage. The total recovery rate among five subjects also 82.42 percent was estimated.

Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the sociodrama intervention can reduce the anxiety in children with social anxiety disorder. Therefore, family and educational institutions, psychological and counseling services centers can benefit from sociodrama intervention to reducing anxiety children with social anxiety disorder.

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of compassion-focused therapy on the Cognitive regulation of emotion after a romantic breakup.

 It was performed by utilizing a single-case quasi-experimental method. In doing this, three female participants with the experience of breaking off a romantic relationship were selected by availability sampling method and placed under the treatment, using individual Compassion-focused Therapy (CFT) during eight 90-minute sessions. Participants completed the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) at the baseline stage and in the second, fourth, sixth, and eighth sessions of the intervention, and finally at the one-month follow-up stage. They also completed the Love Trauma Inventory (LTI) and the MMPI-2RF Questionnaires in the pre-treatment phase and underwent clinical interviews. Two clinical significance and recovery percentage index methods were used to analyze the data.

 The results showed that the percentage of overall recovery in positive approaches of regulating the emotion in intervention and follow-up phases was 40% & 38%; respectively. The percentage of overall recovery in negative approaches of regulating the emotion in intervention and follow-up phases was 48% &36%; respectively indicating modest success in therapy

respectively Therefore it is concluded that compassion-focused therapy results in a feeling of security and capacity for internal harmony and detection to create an emotional and bio-nervous context in individuals with a romantic breakup. Psychologists and researchers can apply the results of the present study.

In the last two decades, attention to perfectionism has been increased. Perfectionism is one of the main symptoms of patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. The aim of this study was comparison of the effectiveness of schema therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on perfectionism in patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.   

The research method in this study was quasi–experimental design and pretest-posttest-followup with experimental groups and a control group. The statistical population included all patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder referred to psychological and counseling services centers in Tehran in the year 2021. Among them, 51 patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder were selected based on entry and exit criteria and by available sampling method and randomly were placed into three groups (17 people) of schema therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy and control group. The first experimental group received the schema therapy with Young's approach (1990) in 8 sessions of 90 minutes, the second experimental group received the acceptance and commitment therapy with Hayes, Strosahl, and Wilson of approach (1999) in 8 sessions of 90 minutes and the control group was in the waiting list. The research instruments included the Perfectionism Inventory (PI) and Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-III). The obtained data were analyzed using repeated measure of covariance analysis (mixed design) and Bonferroni post hoc test and SPSS25 software.     

The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental groups and control group; Both schema therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy interventions had a positive effect on perfectionism in patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and the effect of these therapeutic interventions in the follow-up phase has been stable (P <0.05). Also, the results of Bonferroni post hoc test showed that the the effectiveness of schema therapy intervention on perfectionism was higher than acceptance and commitment therapy (P <0.05).  

According to the research findings, it can be concluded that schema therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy interventions can be effective in improving perfectionism of patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder; It is recommended that therapists and counselors use these therapies for improving the perfectionism of patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.