نشریه اندیشه مدیریت راهبردی
سال شانزدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 34، زمستان 1401)

Although there has been a significant quantitative and qualitative improvement in the production, diffusion, and adoption of cultural products and services in the country in recent years, there is still a long way to achieve the desired progress in this sector. One of the development paths in creative and cultural industries is to pay attention to the depth and dimensions of innovation. These industries are a rich source of innovative ideas and are inextricably linked to innovation. However, due to the inherent uncertainty, dynamics, complexity, and ambiguity in the activities and dimensions of creative industries, no precise evaluation of innovation in these industries have been conducted. In this research, after designing an integrated model of cultural innovations and creative industries in the form of an innovation funnel model, the depth and dimensions of innovation in the country's handicrafts have been evaluated. In this regard, in addition to an in-depth review of the literature and research background, the researcher has collected the required data by organizing more than ten semi-structured interviews and receiving 105 questionnaires from the experts and major manufacturers of these industries —active in 80 different fields— in 26 provinces. In order to evaluate the depth of innovation in handicrafts, one-sample t-test was used. The results of this test, on average, show a moderate depth of innovation in these industries. However, in some aspects of the model, such as contextual and organizational factors and commercialization of products, the depth of innovation is weak, and in the product dimension, the depth of innovation has been evaluated as desired. Accordingly, suggestions to deepen handicraft innovations are proposed at the end of the article.

In the second phase of Iranian revolution, many cultural lovers and activists doubted the effectiveness of official organizations and increasingly turned to popular capacities as the key to the survival and progress of the Islamic system when facing the enemy's cultural front. To the extent that the developments of recent years among the revolutionary young believers of Iran, the formation of middle circles and the formation of the Cultural Front of the Revolution in the nineties (Iranian Calendar) are considered as part of the path to the realization of the Islamic government and democratization of governance. It seems that macro-policy with the aim of flourishing the cultural front of the revolution, based on religious principles, analysis of past experiences and its status quo, as well as in accordance with the latest plan and cultural invasion of the enemy is one of the main priorities of the second phase of the revolution. This study, through content analysis, has examined the speeches and written works of Professor Sayyid Mohammad Mahdi Mirbagheri on issues related to the Cultural Front of the Revolution and identified ten basic themes to manage the process of formation of this front. By clustering similar groups, the findings were categorized in the form of two organizing themes, including the principles of front forming and macro-strategies, which were defined under the comprehensive theme of "front- forming requirements in the cultural arena" as the focus and the core of the theme network.

Vignette method is one of the data collection tools in quantitative and qualitative research that is used especially in extracting values, beliefs, attitudes and also obtaining sensitive and ethical information of research participants .Common data collection tools such as questionnaires, interviews and observations are subject to challenges that the reflective method tries to reduce as much as possible: Researcher's bias in power asymmetry, The challenge of interpreting the message, Lack of trust in the researcher, groupthink, The challenge of the abstractness of the participant's answer and ...In this article, an attempt has been made to examine the different aspects of the reflective method and its strengths and weaknesses in the field of social research through the literature review. While referring to the definition, purpose, scope of application and the roots of the desire for this method, the design steps of a reflection are also fully described. Also, an example of the application of this method in the matter of measuring the perception of organizational justice is also provided.

The culture of planning in the school and achieving the predetermined goals and missions is central to school management. The current research was conducted with the aim of designing an optimal school-centered management model in education. The statistical population of the research includes principals, assistants, teachers and other personnel of schools in Fars province, which are more than 50000 people. Research information was collected in two qualitative (interview) and quantitative (researcher-made questionnaire) sections. In the qualitative section, after semi-structured interviews with the interviewees and through open, central and selective coding, 20 main categories (decentralization, delegation, responsibility, empowerment, commitment, flexibility, participation, organizational culture, accountability, independence, trust and respect, economic and Facilities, social, talent and creativity of students, type and conditions of school, educational content, meritocracy, justice, mission and non-discrimination) and 60 sub-categories were identified for school management. 100 questions in the questionnaire for the components (5 questions for each component) were designed and distributed and collected among 382 people from the statistical population. The results of the research showed that all the above components are effective on school-centered management. Due to the large amount of information through exploratory factor analysis (with factor loading equal to 0.5), the number of 30 questions were placed in three main factors (independence and facilities, selection of competent, social and justice-oriented managers, sharing of information and goals in the organization). They explained 40.6% of the total variance. The general fit indices of the school-centered management model indicate an acceptable fit and high validity of the designed model.

Sustainability has become one of the main parts of business strategy. Companies want to use economic techniques and strategies for sustainability to both create economic value and at the same time reduce negative environmental impacts and address social issues. On the other hand, in order to connect to global markets and succeed in them, they have to be present in cross-border networks and it is necessary to take advantage of the opportunity after creating and modifying their (sustainable) business model in accordance with the operating network. This research is a systematic review research in which after extracting related keywords from the research literature, by forming a research search command and entering it into the Scopus database to provide the most referenced articles, authors, organizational affiliations, Magazines, etc. were used in Bibliometrics software. The seven main axes and the results of the answers given by the reviewed articles to these axes are presented. These axes are: how sustainability occurs in the business model, business networks and business model sustainability, the formation of business networks in the sustainable business model, value creation in networks in the sustainable business model Challenges of the presence of a sustainable business model in networks, effective factors in the success and failure of a sustainable business model in networks, the process of innovation in networks in a sustainable business model. The purpose of this article is to systematically review the research background in order to provide the above-mentioned analyzes in order to categorize the subjects studied, study trends, descriptive statistics of previous studies, and suggestions for managers and future research.

The field of entrepreneurial cognition plays an important role in motivating potential entrepreneurs to take entrepreneurial behavior and actions in the conditions of environmental uncertainty, one of the main reasons of which is the perception of less risk by entrepreneurs. Most of the studies in this field have been conducted on male entrepreneurs and the researchers' understanding of the use of cognitive biases by women entrepreneurs remains limited. In addition, the role of cognitive biases on exploiting opportunities as one of the key phases of the entrepreneurial process has been neglected. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to explain the role of cognitive biases of female entrepreneurs in Lorestan province on the exploitation of business opportunities with the mediation of risk perception. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of method. The data of this research were collected from a sample of 184 women entrepreneurs of Lorestan province, who were selected by stratified random method, and tested by structural equation modeling method with PLS software. The findings of the research showed that the cognitive biases of female entrepreneurs, including overconfidence, illusion of control, representiveness, fallacy of planning and optimism, have a direct and positive effect on their exploitation of business opportunities. In addition, the mentioned cognitive biases through the mediating variable of risk perception indirectly has a positive effect on the exploitation of business opportunities by women entrepreneurs.