نشریه مطالعات ادب اسلامی
سال دوم شماره 3 (پیاپی 5، پاییز و زمستان 1402)

The family is the first building block in building society. Therefore, it received great attention in Islam, such that the children and the wife are considered a trust that the husband is asked about. Family, marriage, procreation and everything related to them also have a prominent place in Arab culture and have traditions and laws that are specific to them. In addition, the Arab heritage is full of proverbs and sayings in the field of family relations for the reasons that produced them and the occasions that necessitated them. So the proverb that is used regarding a matter has become like a sign by which a thing is known, due to its brevity and extreme brevity. The importance of employing proverbs and drawing inspiration from them in speech is due to the fact that it is a custom that a group of people have become acquainted with, as it is one of the arguments and the tool with which we strengthen the positions that our consciences are comfortable with and the positions that have settled in our minds. Because in proverbs the quality of reason and wisdom is evident because they are evidence of the intended meaning and they are the property of the mind, its core and its fruit. For all this reason, this study aims to reveal the image of the family in ancient Arabic proverbs and to identify the issues and meanings that the Arabs deal with. The researcher used the descriptive-analytical method to shed light on the contents of proverbs and their significance. To reveal the image of the family, family relationships, and other issues related to the family, such as marriage, divorce, and infidelity. Some of the research results indicated the existence of proverbs in the Arabic language that glorify the status of marriage and family. It also indicates the existence of systems, principles and traditions that Arabs adhered to in their social life and their special interest in polygamy. This is due to his large number of offspring and his close relationship with his paternal uncles and uncles, something necessitated by desert life.

Aesthetics and text from beauty effects are among the most important criteria for the assessment of literary work as well as ruling the success of the poet and craftsman in the process of inventing the time of the Jaheli era. Many critics believe that literary elements of a text of meaning, affection, fantasy and fashions are formed and the duty of artistic critique and aesthetics is to examine texts based on the literary elements. The present study relies on a descriptive and analytical method to examine the Seven Sahifah's supplication. This supplication has a prominent text feature that benefits from beauty stances in expression, plays an important role in the invention and creation of art. The results of the research indicate that the supplication contains beliefs and carefully in this supplication in terms of Linguistics that the text of supplication has a state of beauty, and is not empty of the spirit of innovation and creation, and in the emotional dimension witnessed a wide variety of diversity From the description of domestic and stability and stability in the affection of supplication, and having an excellence and sophistication of affection plays an important role in the emotion of the reader, and in relation to the artistic image, it can be said that this supplication has benefited from various types of rhythm. And with the text of supplication, and in lightness, we are witnessing a special coherence and continuity of the word with meanings and affection, as well as balance and synchronization between the words and the concepts of sentences of the supplication characteristics.

The recitation of the Holy Quran is an art that is composed of various songs and characteristics and leads to the effect of the miracle of Khatam in the hearts of the audience. The correct understanding and understanding of the Holy Quran has always been given a special place in the statements of the supreme leader of the revolution and followed his guidelines. In the meantime, the appropriateness of the phonetic and conceptual system of the Holy Qur'an with the focus on keeping in mind the musical miracle of the Holy Qur'an and its meaningful connection with the divine purpose is one of his frequent orders. The use of the tone and melody of words in reading and measuring the meaning of Quranic verses is considered a long-standing issue in the Islamic tradition.The problem that the current library research aimed to identify the types and functions of phonetics and their meanings by emphasizing the statements of His Holiness in human circles with the Holy Qur'an and the description and analysis of some verses of the Word of God.

Vocabulary significantly influences the creation, evolution, and perceived quality of a literary work, as well as the effective communication and dissemination of its themes to the audience. Analyzing vocabulary allows for detailed and inclusive insights that can be applied to the entire literary piece, reducing the need for researchers to delve into other textual elements. In contemporary stylistics, the focus on vocabulary and its classifications has been prominent among researchers and theorists who strive to categorize words into distinct types and groups to establish a framework for the vocabulary system of a text or literary piece. This article emphasizes the critical role of word choice and its impact on creating imagery and analyzing discourse within the text. It aims to explore these aspects in two poems, "Lamia" and "Eyniya," by the Shia poet Ali al-Jishi from Al Qatif, Saudi Arabia, which are dedicated to praising Imam Ali al-Sajjad. The poet, known for his tributes to all Shia Imams, has in certain poems centered on the character and life of Imam Ali al-Sajjad as themes for his refined eulogies. This descriptive-analytical study demonstrates that the poet has utilized sensory and specific vocabulary to portray social events linked to the life of Imam Ali alSajjad, especially the event of Ashura, and has used abstract and meaningful words to depict the moral virtues of the infallible Imam.

A group of Quranic commentators have claimed that the reason for the revelation of Surah Hajj, verse 52 (the "verse of the Prophet's Desire") was an incident in which Satan whispered words affirming the position of intercession of the idols worshipped by the polytheists, while the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) was reciting the Quran. Upon discovering the source of these words, the Prophet became saddened and distressed. Subsequently, this verse was revealed, providing solace to the Prophet and informing him that Satan had also made insinuations to previous prophets, but Allah dispels these satanic insinuations and establishes His verses. This study aims to investigate the validity of the claim that Surah Hajj, verse 52 is connected to the aforementioned story. In this regard, an analysis of the textual context of the Surah reveals that the proposed connection is untenable. This is because there is a continuous context from verse 42 to 57, and verse 52 can only be understood within this context. According to the context, the Meccan polytheists were demanding the swift arrival of divine punishment and considered its delayed arrival as evidence of the ineffectiveness of Muhammad's prophethood. The Quran's response to them is that previous prophets also expressed a desire for the manifestation of God's fearsome signs, and in response to these desires, the devils cast doubts. However, punishment eventually came, and God's instructive signs were fulfilled, and the devils' doubts were dispelled.

Presentation and delay is one of the valleys of rhetoric, and one of the treasures of eloquence, and it is a chapter of many benefits, the size of the merits, and it is extensive in disposal. A section that includes introduction and delay in the science of rhetoric, which is to present some of the pillars and parts to another, and the reasons for it, which are the emphasis and specification in the introduction, or the introduction of the cause etc... The other discusses the introduction and delay of vocabulary in the Qur'an; towards the jinn and mankind, the heavens and the earth, the night and the day, the sun and the moon, and other names; The reason for presenting some of the vocabulary is due to the context and the presumptions and the interest of the street in the introduction, and we have discussed in it some of the views of the commentators and rhetoricians.

One of the leading models in the field of criticism and evaluation of translation is the model proposed by Vinay and Darbelnet. With two direct and indirect strategies, this model consists of seven techniques: borrowing, literal translation, calque, transposition, modulation, equivalence, and adaptation. These seven techniques are applied in evaluating the translation of different texts and determining the approaches used in them. Meanwhile, the quality of using each of the aforementioned techniques in translating the holy text of Quran is of importance due to its unique features. "Roushangar" translation by Karim Zamani is deemed one of the best translations of the Holy Quran owing to the use of authentic interpretations. This research analyzes the way Karim Zamani uses the calque technique in two lexical and structural (syntactic structure) types in the translation of the Holy Quran in the last five sections with analytical-descriptive method. This paper aims to identify the distinctive combinations of lexical calque and also to explain the most common structures calqued from Arabic language in Zamani's translation based on Vinay and Darbelnet's model. The results indicate that in most cases, zamani has been successful in lexical claque -which are mostly of the adjective phrase type - and has been able to transfer the influence of source text to destination text. However, in some types of structural claque, such as translation of the cognate object structure and the state sentence structure, his translation -in some cases- does not have the required fluency and eloquence for the Persian-speaking audience.

Translation criticism as a linguistic approach examines, analyzes and evaluates the translation of various texts and reveals the angles hidden in it. In the process of translation, paying attention to the principle of equivalence is considered an important issue. One of the theories presented in the field of determining and evaluating the level of translations is Mildred Larson's theory of semantic equivalence. Equivalence process includes: lexical, idiomatic, literary equivalence and proverbs and ironic expressions. Based on the descriptiveanalytical method, this article examines the process of translation and the principles of lexical, idiomatic and literary equivalence in Fayz al-Islam's translation of Nahj al-Balagha. The result of the research shows that in some examples, Larson's point of view in the process of semantic translation has provided the translator with a desirable and appropriate style in creating meaning and concept. It should also be said that in his translation, the translator sometimes expresses the meaning and meaning of the word openly and sometimes conveys the message of meaning in an indirect way. In fact, in order to crystallize the meaning, the translator has adhered equally to the meanings arising from the main structure of the source language and has paid attention to the principle of revealing the meaning of the discussed words and phrases based on the criteria of the target language.

Islamic mysticism is a school which started from the second century with asceticism and after two centuries reached the idea of “Annihilation” and “Survival in God”. This proposition, shows the route that is observed in this school’s path of evolution which is usually accompanied with many ups and downs. Khizr is a Quranian character which, according to the Sufis, has been a companion to the disciples and has accompanied them from the birth of mysticism until its highest degrees throughout this path. However, he does not appear in this route the same way at all times; he is sometimes the all-knowing sage and sometimes the passionate beginner. This study, observes the many forms of Khizr’s presence in a descriptive - analytical manner, and with it has taken to the recognition of the Islamic mysticism’s evolutionary path, based on the books Tabaqat al’Sufia, Kashf al’Mahjub and Mersad al’Ebad which have been written in three different eras of Islamic mysticism. Based on this criterion, the further we go from the early centuries of this evolution, the lower Khizr’s rank in the eyes of mystics.

The musical system of the language arises from the harmony of words and the phonetic and phenotypic harmony of the linguistic structure, the coherence and sequence of consonants and vowels, and turns ordinary speech into an artistic expression, and the more a literary work can use more dimensions of music, the more beautiful and effective it will be. The melody of the poem includes outer, lateral, inner and spiritual music, which in the present research, the last two dimensions are analyzed in the works of Ibn Mu'tazz, one of the prominent poets of the Abbasid era. Ibn Mu'tazz was born in an era in which the innovative use of poetry was popular among poets and writers, and his poems were in line with the prevailing trend in the literature of his time, full of arrangements and the use of literary arts, and at the same time, they were fluent and far from complicated. The purpose of the present research is to investigate the musical structure of Ibn Mu'tazz's poems in the field of asceticism in order to measure the phonetic and phenotypic harmony of meaning and basis in his compositions and finally it comes to the conclusion that: The choice of words served the intended meaning of the poet and was not used solely for the purpose of creating a beautiful format and rhythmic playing of the poem, and this is one of the strengths of his poems in conveying ascetic meanings and making an impact on the audience. In the field of spiritual music, the poet's attention is focused on the use of arrays such as tabaq, counter and assimilation of adjectives, which, in addition to the balance of verses and the creation of a rhythmic rhythm, carry the meaning of speech. The most prominent musical role in Ibn Mu'tazz's asceticisms is played by inner music, in which most of the words are played by arrays such as word arrangement, repetition of letters, repetition of words at the beginning of verses, tasdir and repetition.

Sheikh Muhammad Bāqir al-Bālikī is considered among the most prominent Islamic scholars in the fourteenth century Hijri in Kurdistan. The connoisseur has written many treatises, commentaries and annotations in diverse Islamic knowledge areas, and one of his precious works is his famous annotation on Tafsir al-Baidhawi, which truly shows the Sheikh’s high status in exegesis. He has embedded in it various subtleties and precious matters relating to the knowledge of exegesis. This study examines al-Bālikī’s methodology of exegesis of the Holy Quran through the sections on sūrah a-Baqarah in this annotation. The author discusses the sources relied upon by the Sheikh in his annotation, also his methodology of exegesis and his stance on Jurisprudence and Theology. He settles disputed matters in many cases and expands upon problems needing elaboration, and clarifies al-Baidhawi’s opinions. He sometimes agrees with the commentators including al-Baidhawi and the other times disagrees with them. He is independent in his opinions, while following a deductive approach until reaching the right opinion. He declares that he doesn’t mind whether his opinion consents other’s opinions or not. Strikingly, al-Bālikī is more of an exegetist than a commentator or annotator in contrast to much of commentaries and annotations of the late Islamic era. This study is conducted according to analytical-descriptive methodology and presents most important matters deduced by al-Bālikī in his interpretation of sūrah al-Fatihah and Al-Baqarahh.

According to intertextuality, every text is influenced by other texts, and the author, consciously or unconsciously, is affected by previous texts. this theory was introduced by Western theorists and has also gained prominence in Arab literary criticism. The utilization of previous texts in Arabic poetry is quite prevalent. In this context, the Quran stands as an ever-flowing source for Arab poets. By incorporating its blessed verses into their works, they enrich their creations. The utilization of the Quran isn't exclusive to Muslims; poets of other religions have also drawn inspiration from it. alQaravi, is a Lebanese Christian poet who migrated to South America. Nonetheless, one of the most notable characteristics of his poetry is his significant inspiration from Quranic verses. The Quranic interpretations and concepts are ingeniously woven into his poetry, adorned with literary elegance. For this purpose, the present research employs a descriptive-analytical approach to delve into the exposition and analysis of various forms of intertextuality in the Quran, as well as the poet's objectives in utilizing Quranic verses. It aims to examine techniques employed in his poetry's structure. The results indicate that alQaravi had a comprehensive familiarity with the Quran, and he utilized it for various purposes. the parallel negation has the widest scope, followed by general negation, and finally, partial negation has the least scope.