آرش شاهین

Many organizations are implementing environmental protection strategies in response to the conditions and demands of today's world. This study aims to identify and evaluate how sustainable and green human resources can be used for competitive advantage in the oil industry.
Material and

Research in the present study has a quantitative-qualitative approach in terms of its purpose and data collection methodology. In the field of organizational sustainability, written materials and electronic resources have been used purposefully to collect information. In the qualitative part, it was done purposefully and non-randomly through semi-structured interviews, and in the quantitative part, it was done using simple random sampling and a questionnaire. Based on the structural equation model, hypotheses were tested with SMART-PLS software.

the result of running SMARTPLS final model According to the results obtained from the software, it can be acknowledged that the dimensions of senior management, employees and the organization have a positive and significant effect on the green performance of the organization and ultimately have a positive effect on gaining a competitive advantage. The path coefficient values in the model for the components of the organization are 0.504, employees are 0.286, and senior management is 0.191 percent, which directly explains the changes related to the sustainable and green organizational performance variable of 0.431. The results show that among the main indicators of the research, human resources (with path coefficient: 0.386) has the greatest impact on the green performance of the organization. Also, the impact of the organization's green performance on competitive advantage (with a path coefficient of 0.437) is significant.
Discussion and

Results have shown that the environmental performance of the organization is influenced by the staff, senior management, and stakeholders, and thus affects its competitive advantage. In order to implement green strategies successfully in polluting industries, especially in oil refining, senior managers will need to focus on the intangible assets of their investment organizations to leverage the creativity of their employees.

This study aims to propose an approach for analyzing the supplier-producer relationship quality.

Design/methodology/approach:

 A questionnaire has been compiled and distributed to two transportation and concrete producer companies. The relationship quality by its constituent dimensions has been investigated with the aid of gap analysis and quadrant analysis.

Findings indicated that the most of relationship quality dimensions have been located in the main strength point and only three dimensions of dependency and power, relationship-specific adaptations and investments, and cooperation and coordination have been addressed as critical and required improvement.

Practical implications:

 This article extends the application of quality management tools and techniques to a particular area of supply chain quality management, i.e., supplier-producer relationship quality management. The proposed approach enables suppliers and producers to evaluate their relationship quality faster and recognize the dimensions that are critical and need improvement.

Research limitations/implications:

 the comprehensive list of dimensions together with the proposed integrative approach seems effective in facilitating the analysis of the relationship quality between producer and supplier. By the use of gap analysis and quadrant analysis, parties can evaluate the relationship quality faster and recognize the dimensions that need improvement and are critical in relationship quality.

Originality/value: 

The proposed approach of the integration of gap and quadrant analysis is unique compared to the existing literature. Also, the dimensions of the relationship quality have been considered, comprehensively.

Humor is a characteristic of social interaction across all cultures and nationalities and manifests itself anywhere people gather, including the workplace. Considering the potential of humor to positively affect employees' feelings, the current study aimed to develop a model of organizational humor in the Parsian Gas Refinery Company. This study employed a mixed methods design. First, a grounded theory study was conducted to develop a model of organizational humor in the qualitative phase and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 managers and supervisors of Parsian Gas Refinery Company. The results of interview analysis and three-stage coding showed that the organizational humor model included 142 open codes, 60 core codes and 26 selective codes, which were categorized into six categories. In the quantitative phase of the study, the model fit was measured by survey method. Thus, based on the results of the qualitative section, a researcher-made questionnaire was compiled and distributed among the statistical sample, which led to the confirmation of five hypotheses. The results of this study help to make the work environment pleasant and improve the quality of employee presence in the organization.

Numerous variables are involved in green supply chain management and investigating any intervening variable can influence a diverse set of others. Blockchain, as an emerging technology of the fourth generation of the industry, comes with a variety of distinctive characteristics. The analysis of the integration between blockchain and green supply chain management will be highly intricate. Therefore, it is essential to establish a model to comprehend it effectively.
This study was carried out in two phases. In the first phase, the required information was collected, extracted, analyzed, and combined through a systematic review with a focus on the key questions. After identifying the primary existing sources, based on the entry conditions, some items were removed according to the determined conditions. Finally, 18 articles were thoroughly reviewed, and the variables were extracted. In the second phase, the validation, refinement, and examination of the relationship among variables were discussed through questionnaires. The combined method of DEMATEL and Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) were used.
Variables from the green supply chain, likely to be influenced by blockchain were extracted, refined, and modeled in 10 levels, ranging from the most influential to the least influential ones. Environment-related variables, along with business viability, are the most influential.
According to the achieved model and the degree of influence and impact of the variables, the main driver for moving towards green practices and utilizing blockchain include "the need to obtain environmental certification (government pressure)," "buying green products (inclination)," and "giving importance to the social responsibility of the green company." The outcome also depends on "business continuity" and environmental variables. An important aspect regarding the relationship between blockchain and the green supply chain is the location of the variables influenced by blockchain in the interpretive structural model. These variables were placed in the middle levels of the model, indicating that before implementing blockchain technology, it is crucial to assess the influencing variables and determine their value. The assessment can determine whether the establishment or non-establishment of blockchain technology is justified. If these variables indicate the need for changes in the intermediate variables of the model, blockchain technology can be used as a tool or enabler in the supply chain to drive the desired changes based on the specified influencing variables. Ultimately, as the intermediate variables in the model change, the dependent or influencing variables in the model can also be affected.

Though the customer experience and its components are measured to define, the antecedents and dimensions of customer experience require a comprehensive assessment in developing countries such as Iran. For this purpose, 23 in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with the passengers of different Iranian airlines. In this attempt, seven dimensions of customer experience were identified – including sensory, emotional, cognitive, recognition, security, novelty, and relationship dimensions – through thematic analysis method. To identify the factors affecting the passenger experience, a list of factors was initially extracted from previous studies. The impact of the ambiance inside the airplane, marketing programs, staff, scheduling, planning and management actions, the scope of passenger choice, and physical facilities were extracted through the fuzzy Delphi method according to 10 experts’ views. The purposed method and the findings therein would contribute to the efforts of researchers and marketing practitioners, airline managers, and travel agencies in identifying the existing challenges in the airline industry besides planning to develop modern airline infrastructure and competitive differentiation.

Selecting the appropriate methodology for information systems development is a controversial issue among many organizations. This paper aims to investigate the effects of organizational culture factors on the adoption of information systems development methodologies and to create a conceptual and practical model for the selection of development methodologies with an organizational culture approach.

Design/methodology/approach:

 Using the models of Denison, Ke, and Wei and based on the experts’ viewpoints, a unified research model was created, and then the research hypotheses have been examined using statistical analysis. After measuring the organizational culture in the studied company, i.e., Mobarakeh Steel Company, the correlation between the sub-criteria was determined using the DEMATEL technique, and by using the network analysis method and Super decision software, the appropriate methodology has been selected among 14 common methodologies.

Findings indicated that the significant and positive effect of most cultural factors on the selection of development methodologies, and with the change and improvement of some sub-criteria such as cultures of change, participation, and team building, organizations are ready and willing to use developed, flexible and comprehensive methodologies with an agile approach (DSDM, SCRUM). As a result, low-risk, structured, and program-oriented methodologies will be more appropriate options (SSADM, STRADIS).

Practical implications:

 Identifying cultural factors and investigating their influence on the organization provided a basis for proposing a conceptual and practical framework and a guideline to help managers in selecting appropriate business information systems development methodologies.

Originality/value:

 By identifying cultural factors and new influencing indicators in the process of selecting development methodologies, a conceptual model, framework, and guidelines were proposed to help managers and developers in organizations to select the appropriate system development methodologies.

The crisis is a devastating event that is difficult to predict. If not managed, it can cause significant problems for the organization. Therefore, organizations need a comprehensive framework to manage crises well. This article aims to present a new crisis management model with an overlapping attitude and prioritize the most critical components based on the Hazard and Operability Analysis (HAZOP) using a mixed-methods research design. In the qualitative phase, reviewing the academic resources was conducted from 2009 to 2020. Then, three rounds of the Delphi technique was carried out to obtain the consensus of 19 experts over 125 components. Analyzing the data was performed by structural equation modelling in the quantitative phase. The sample consisted of 228 respondents who were employees in an Iranian oil company. The findings indicated that crisis management is a nonlinear overlapping process with 47 elements in seven factors: pre-crisis, in-crisis, post-crisis, pre-crisis and in-crisis, in-crisis and post-crisis, post-crisis and pre-crisis, pre-crisis and in-crisis and post-crisis. In addition, the results of HAZOP showed that “strategic thinking at all levels of the organization” and “standardization of the education system” had higher priority. Overall, the current situation of the company in managing organizational crises was considered favorable.

Focusing on creating a joyful organizational environment is one of the ways in which human resource management can create a better working life for employees. Due to the necessity of applying and using new approaches in the management of interpersonal relationships and making the workplace environment pleasant, having a sense of humor and knowing how to use it can be a useful management tool for leaders. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to design the model of antecedents and consequences of humor in Parsian Gas Refinery Company. This research, in terms of objective, is typically applied-developmental and has been done by applying a qualitative research method. In order to identify the dimensions of the antecedents and consequences of organizational humor, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 managers and supervisors of different units of Parsian Company using non-probability judgment and snowball sampling method and the data were analyzed using a thematic analysis method. The findings led to identify 10 main themes that were categorized into individual-oriented, group-oriented, organization-oriented antecedents and consequences, and also the dimensions of organizational humor. The results of present research will help to understand the effects and performance of humor in organizational environments.

The effective selection of maintenance tactics in the industry according to the factors and conditions affecting each of the equipment, shows the need to use innovative approaches. The purpose of this study is to obtain a matrix similar to the TRIZ contradictions matrix so that with the help of this matrix, appropriate maintenance tactics and functional repairs can be selected according to the condition of each equipment. In this study, in order to compare and analyze qualitative data, the , Meta-synthesis method has been used, so for this purpose, various databases, publications and search engines between 1960 and 2022 have been studied. The result of the studies performed using the , Meta-synthesis method is the extraction of 115 valid and related articles. In this research, the relationship between TRIZ principles and operational maintenance tactics has been obtained using the , Meta-synthesis method.The result of this research is the achievement of a matrix similar to the TRIZ contradiction matrix with the ability to provide and select maintenance tactics, corresponding to the parameters affecting each equipment. In order to make the right decision, the final results in each of the matrix cells of this study are prioritized using decision making methods. This matrix assists managers and maintenance specialists in decision-making and increases the speed of decision-making and selection of appropriate tactics. . Finally, the resulting matrix has been studied for evaluation in the National Iranian South Oilfields Company.

Abstract 
Recent approaches in crisis management are usually reactive, incidental, and unstable. There is no practical model as a comprehensive guide in crisis management. On the other hand, some of the components in the crisis management process are not specific to one stage and may be vital in others. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive model with an overlapping attitude of the organizational crisis management process.
Introduction 
Organizations require a comprehensive model to be more agile in managing the crisis. In reality, the overlapping happens in crisis management, which means that some components are vital in two or more stages of the process. This issue has not been seen in studies so far. Therefore, this paper aims to design a comprehensive model with an overlapping approach. In the end, prioritizing the components was done using the importance-performance analytical procedure in Isfahan Oil Refining Company. Research questions are as follows:
What factors and elements are in the organizational crisis management model with an overlapping approach?
What are the priority components in Isfahan Oil Refining Company?

Case study 
To model fitting and prioritizing the components, the statistical population of Isfahan Oil Refining Company has been used. The issue of crisis management in this organization is very vital due to the type of activity. Therefore, surveying this article in this organization will be a suitable practical framework for others in crisis management.
Theoretical framework
A review of studies showed that crisis management models were designed in three main stages: pre-crisis, in-crisis and post-crisis. By emphasizing the overlapping approach, the conceptual model in this paper included seven factors consisting of three main stages and the four overlapped ones. These factors are "pre-crisis", "in-crisis, post-crisis", "pre and in-crisis", "in and post-crisis", "post and pre-crisis", "pre and in and post-crisis".

 This study has a developmental and practical purpose, and its approach is mixed. Surveying all internal and external articles related to professional research between 2009 and 2021 was done in the qualitative section. Then, designing a theoretical model was performed using the overlap approach and three rounds of the Delphi method. In the quantitative part, the experimental model was prepared based on the confirmatory factor analysis approach, and the model fitting did by AMOS software. In the Delphi method, 19 experts were by snowball sampling. In model analysis, 228 people participated from the statistical population of Isfahan Oil Refining Company based on a stratified random sampling method. Finally, prioritizing the components was done using the importance-performance analytical method.
Discussion and

Most studies concentrated on presenting the new elements of organizational crisis management. Some of them examined the relationship between the several components. On the other hand, the models in recent studies showed progress in crisis management from linear to nonlinear approaches. Although this is a development in organizational crisis management studies, an overlapping occurs practically (Pennington-Gray, 2018). It means that some elements in the crisis management process are not specific to a particular stage and maybe are vital in two or more. So, the 47 components were presented in a new model by seven factors focusing on the overlapping approach.
Conclusion 
 Presenting a new comprehensive model of organizational crisis management with an overlapping approach did in this paper in seven factors: "pre-crisis", "in-crisis, post-crisis", "pre and in-crisis", "in and post-crisis", "post and pre-crisis", "pre and in and post-crisis". Based on the overlapping approach, recognizing the type of crisis, identifying the crisis life cycle, understanding the thresholds of turning small events into a large one are in "pre and in-crisis". Controlling the access to information, allocating sufficient authority to decision making with minimal delay, managing destructive emotions are there at "in and post-crisis". Strategic thinking at all levels of the organization, organizational credibility, identifying the strengths and weaknesses are in "post and pre-crisis". Awareness of crisis activities, transparency, coordination, and commitment, and honesty, trust-building and collective efficiency is vital in the whole process of organizational crisis management. Prioritizing the components showed that empowering individuals, allocating sufficient authority to decision making with minimum delay, identifying organizational strengths and weaknesses, communicating based on honesty, making inter-organizational trust and collective efficiency had more priority. Also, the company performance in the post-crisis phase was unfavourable.

Today, the digital gaming industry has a significant impact on the economic, cultural, and social spheres around the world. The advent of real and virtual reality games, particularly in medical science, has taken this industry out of the realm of mere entertainment and has become one of the applied industries. This study aims to optimize the combination of indigenous digital game development strategies, using a goal mathematical programming model. Compared to other common methods, the proposed approach can be a good alternative to studying and using mathematical planning in strategic management, when strategies are evaluated and selected.

Design/methodology/approach:

 The research method of this study is typically mixed qualitative and quantitative for which, the main data were collected using library studies and theoretical framework review, in-depth and structured interviews with 12 experts and specialists in the digital games industry. A filled questionnaire was collected after coding variables. Thematic analysis (reasoning and rational analysis) was used to extract and classify the components. Also, an integration of House of Quality (HOQ), Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), and Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) techniques were used to determine the variables and parameters required in the mathematical model of the research. Finally, a goal programming model was used to determine the optimal combination of the strategies.

A portfolio of optimal strategies was proposed that were effective in removing barriers and challenges in the game industry, which facilitated the achievement of game development goals with desirable capabilities in implementation. The mentioned strategies were capabilities empowerment and development of game-making experts, targeting and enriching the content of homemade games, financing and facilitating investment, and increasing the level of competitiveness of game-making groups.

Research limitations/implications: 

The limited number of expert group members and the researcher's low access to them, in addition to creating problems related to the distribution and collection of questionnaires, review and increase the computational accuracy of validity and reliability, and also calculating the compatibility rate in the pairwise comparison questionnaires were the challenges and limitations of this study.

Practical implications:

 The digital games industry has a great potential for growth and development, and its favorable economic, cultural and social effects are undeniable. Some of the practical findings of this study are the creation of an elite network and a strong relationship between gaming enthusiasts and the university, empowerment of game developers' knowledge and game studios in the gaming ecosystem, and monitoring and support of governmental and non-governmental policy-making institutions.

Originality/value: 

In this paper, a new approach was proposed for evaluating and optimizing strategies for developing indigenous digital games to overcome their challenges and meet the relevant objectives in compliance with their feasibility (ease) of implementation. Also, the use of mathematical modeling in evaluating and selecting optimal strategies in this industry distinguishes this study from the literature.

Today, business environment is changing rapidly and increasingly. This has caused organizations to face the fundamental challenges of competing with each other. Therefore, in such circumstances, organizations need to think beyond adaptation to the environment and seek to take advantage of potential opportunities and cope with new changes. In the current competitive environment, human resources have become a vital factor for the success of organizations. Therefore, organizations should always seek to attract competent human resources and properly manage their capabilities in order to achieve their strategies.   

The present research was of an applied type in terms of purpose and an exploratory mixed study in terms of research method. Thus, in this study, a rich literature was first created in the research field by reviewing the texts and the experimental and theoretical backgrounds and then, an interview method was applied based on thematic analysis to design a native model in the field of human resource management as the initial goal. Afterwards, a questionnaire was used to determine the pattern fit and prioritize the subsystems in the quantitative part. In simple terms, the qualitative and Delphi approach were taken to design the model and identify the components and competencies in the first stage and the quantitative method was applied to implement the model and analyze the data in the next stage. The statistical population in the qualitative sector included banking and academic experts in the field of human resources, who had executive backgrounds at management levels. Seventeen people participated in the semi-structured interview process following targeted snowball sampling. The statistical population in the quantitative section included all senior managers, heads of departments, and heads of the branches of Isfahan Saderat Bank. A total of 400 people were determined to participate in this study by using stratified random sampling. To analyze the qualitative data, a coding process was taken based on thematic analysis. Structural equation modeling and the related software (SPSS and PLS) were employed to quantify the research data obtained from the questionnaires and data analysis.Based on the research findings, the model of a competent human resource management system was designed based on a succession approach (recruitment, training, performance, appraisal, and compensation) including the 5 main themes of competency, foresight, comprehensiveness, justice, and flexibility. 

Achieving an integrated and dynamic model for competent human resource management can simplify complex events by recognizing the relationships between vital elements and facilitate the success rate of the succession program in different situations. Therefore, in this study, two general objectives were pursued: 1) designing a model that could predict the success rate of the staff replacement system according to human resource management subsystems and announce the success rate with an almost certain estimate and 2) designing a competent human resource management system that could lead to the expansion of this system and give more coherence to its activities.Successful implementation of succession programs requires a proper link between human resource management and succession management, while their implementation will be fruitless without human resource actions. In fact, if a logical and correct relationship between the two is not established, the succession program will fail. The establishments of a succession management and rule of meritocracy in the processes of selection, training, performance, appraisal, and compensation would put employees in the psychological circle of security. This means that they ensure the human resource system is based on competencies and the bank will easily accept their promotion and not exclude them from the scope of organizational activity for no reason if they have competence and an ability to work. It can be a motivation and a tool to improve organizational productivity.

Today in Iran, events such as economic sanctions, inflation and unemployment have reduced the purchasing power of consumers and on the other hand, producers have faced problems in supplying raw materials and production costs. In this situation, small and medium industries need more attention than large industries, because these industries, despite their flexibility and job creation, need innovation to stay competitive. In this situation, frugal innovation can be appropriate, which also pays attention to sustainability and creating benefits for society. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is dynamic modelling of frugal innovation enablers in small and medium-sized home appliance manufacturers. First, by reviewing the literature, the enablers were identified and provided in a questionnaire to 200 industry experts. By exploratory factor analysis, the factor loads were determined and finally, dynamic modelling of variables was performed. According to the results, one of the most important enablers in frugal innovation is management support, which leads to the use of local capacities and the application of a modular approach in production and reduces the cost of access to factors of production. Investment in research and development will lead to the identification of cheaper raw materials, creative and safer designs, and attention to social and environmental issues will also contribute to the goals of this innovation.

Online customer feedback plays a fundamental role in the purchasing decision-making process. It profoundly affects people's opinions and attitudes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of one of the most important decision-making tools in the context of social business, namely customer advice by controlling other effective factors such as brand reputation, on the sales performance of empirical products. In this study, the book product selected as a unit of analysis and the sales rank of 162 of such a product in one year with 67,817 opinions from buyers and ordinary users of this product collected from the Amazon online store and analyzed using the regression method. The longitudinal data was analyzed by  functional regression. The evaluation of the cumulative effect of the recorded opinions on the sales rank of products in one year evaluated and recognized as the historical effect of the relevant variables in the functional regression model. Findings indicated that customer recommendations and their feedback on other product buyers significantly influenced product sales rankings. The cumulative effect of the opinions of regular users at the end of the review period on sales rank was evident, while the cumulative influence of the approved buyers' viewpoints during the review period had a nonlinear curve. Therefore, such an effect weighs more in the middle of the review period. In this study, compared to the regular users, the opinions of approved buyers had a 60 percent greater impact on product sales rankings.

Focusing on creating a joyful organizational environment is one of the ways in which human resource management can create a better working life for employees. Achieving such a goal is reached by discovering the mechanism of positive emotions in the workplace. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to investigate the model of humor in the workplace in the Parsian Gas Refinery.

This research, in terms of objective, is typically applied-developmental and has been done by applying a qualitative approach based on the grounded theory. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 academic experts and managers of different units of the Parsian Gas Refinery using purposeful sampling and observing the theoretical saturation rule to identify the components of the model of humor. In the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire based on the results of the qualitative part of the research was used to assess the fit of the designed conceptual model. Relative validity coefficient was used to evaluate the questionnaire's validity, and by using the Inter-Rater Reliability, the reliability of data was evaluated.

The analysis of the interviews yielded 51concepts that were categorized into six categories: casual condition, phenomena, context, intervening condition, strategies, and consequences.

Mental and physical recovery of employees is essential in today's workplace. One of the most effective tools for achieving this goal and creating a pleasant workplace is the use of humor in the workplace. The results of this study can help managers to identify strategies that help or prevent the occurrence of such behaviors.

Organizational health, as the ability to operate successfully in complex conditions, is one of the main concerns of organizations. this concept has many components encompassing a wide range of organizational capabilities that affect the survival, growth, and performance of the organization. the main focus of organizational health is on evaluating and identifying strengths and weaknesses from a holistic perspective and improving them appropriately. therefore, it is important to pay attention to different influential perspectives on the organization, especially the views of the organization's key stakeholders. this is also important for isfahan's mobarakeh steel company as a large steelmaker with a wide range of different stakeholders. this study was to answer the key question by examining the organizational health phenomena from the key stakeholders' point of view: "what are the key factors of organizational health for isfahan's mobarakeh steel company?"

The concept of organizational health first introduced in 1964 is encompassed a wide range of organizational capabilities, depending on the theoretical origin, type of organization, and dominant context. also, a healthy organization is one with all its components working well and capable of doing what is expected of the mission and managing the various affecting factors. one of the most important reasons for studying the concept of organizational health is its potential impacts on performance aspects of the organization. organizational performance encompasses a wide range of tangible and intangible aspects.

This research is an applied study in terms of purpose, and in terms of method, it is a systematic grounded theory. purposive sampling was used to select and study key stakeholders until reaching theoretical saturation. data were collected through interviews and analyzed using atlas. ti 8 software. during open coding, 1532 citations were identified and summarized in 104 open codes. after axial coding, they were categorized in 37 axial categories: pivotal phenomenon, strategies, causal, contextual, interfering factors, and results. then, through the outcomes of selective coding, it was proposed the paradigmatic model of organizational health from the perspective of key stakeholders. the validity of the model was confirmed by qualitative and quantitative indices of cvi and cvr, using the opinions of an 8-expert panel, and its reliability was confirmed by qualitative and quantitative retest reliability methods.

According to the findings, the pivotal phenomenon of organizational health from the perspective of key stakeholders of the company includes three main aspects of acting on organizational responsibilities in different areas such as social, environmental, and ethical, creating a balanced and sustainable image and performance, agility, and flexibility in dealing with confronted issues and high productivity of the resources available to the organization. causal factors of organizational health include correct organizational leadership at different stages with participation of employees, employee competence, structure and processes tailored to the organization's goals, job enrichment, efforts to understand and respond effectively to customer expectations, good communication with suppliers, and proper performance of suppliers. strategies for promoting organizational health include recruitment, development, and promotion of employees on the basis of competence and performance, effective care, support and retention of staff, selection and development of leaders based on competence and performance, leadership participation in staff development, use of knowledge and experiences of stakeholders, innovation and technology advancement, focusing on creating the future, promoting strategic and systematic thinking, making effective use of the ict, improving the culture of the organization and stakeholders, and continually improving supply and purchase practices. contextual factors that influence the success of organizational health promotion strategies include commitment, attitude and independence of leaders, organizational culture and climate, communication, employee retention and development, supplier selection and management, structure, processes, and systems integrity, knowledge, technology, and innovation management, the organization's target setting system, the variety of customer services and enterprise investments. interfering factors, that influence the impact of strategies on organizational health outcomes, include national and global economic and financial issues, government, national and local legal institutions performance, political, cultural, and social issues, and the competitive and technological environment of business. results of maintaining and promoting organizational health for the company include performance and value creation of the company for different stakeholders, promotion of the organization's brand, and improvement of the experience of different stakeholders and safety, health, and professional growth of the employees.

This research has attempted to have a more comprehensive view of the health of the organization and its causal factors, strategies, intervening factors, and results for isfahan's mobarakeh steel company. by comparing the findings with the literature, it can be seen that the categories extracted, in addition to those mentioned in previous research, including new ones such as ict, technology, expectations of customers and suppliers, investments of the organization, etc that are also in the domain of management but outside the scope of organizational behavior. also, due to the view type of this study, its results can be used to prepare a roadmap to improve the set of health affecting factors. it is also suggested to other researchers to consider the identified dimensions and components in future research and to use the findings of the current research to develop standardized measurement tools.

The aim of this study is to present an integrated method to increase the quality of the product during its lifetime through the design of Taguchi experiments and PAF model of quality costs. For this purpose, the combination of the importance of quality costs in the life cycle of the product by combining the PAF quality cost model and designing Taguchi experiments in the Entekhab industrial group in Isfahan has been studied. In this study, four phases of the selected product life cycle (introduction, growth, maturity and decline), at four levels (importance of prevention, evaluation, internal failure and external failure) are considered as control factors. In this study, product quality is considered as a response factor, which is considered to obtain the maximum value. The results of this study on the selected product of Entekhab Industrial Group have been determined. In the introduction stage and growth of product life cycle prevention policy have been selected.  In the maturity and decline stage, the appraisal and domestic failure policy has been chosen as optimal levels. By following these policies, the quality of selected product during its lifetime increases.

As a combination of innovation and environmental development concepts, green innovation is of great significance to sustainable development. The purpose of present research was to consider the effect of Green Entrepreneurial Orientation(GEO) on Green Radical Innovation(GRI) and Green Incremental Innovation(GII) with the mediating role of Supply Chain Learning(SCL). This Practical research was done by using descriptive-correlation method. The statistical population was Small & Medium Enterprises size(SMEs) in Jay Isfahan industrial town. 210 company determined randomly as the sample size by Morgan table. To collect data, questionnaire was used. To consider their validity the content and construct validity were done and to measure their reliability Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used. The data was analyzed by structural equation modeling in MPLUS software. The research findings showed that GEO has significant effect on SCL, GRI and GII. Also the effect of SCL on GRI and GII is meaningful and positive. In addition the findings showed that GEO has a significant effect on GRI and GII through SCL as a meditator variable. According to the results, Green Entrepreneurial Orientation and Supply Chain Learning has a great influence to create and improve the Green Innovation in SMEs.

Achieving sustainable competitive advantage in conditions of high environmental uncertainty is very complicated and difficult. However, there is scarcity in research in this area. The present research aims to identify the effective capabilities involved in achieving sustainable competitive advantage in conditions of high environmental uncertainty and the role of competitive intelligence and organizational intelligence. This applied study was conducted using an exploratory, qualitative design. Data were collected utilizing semi-structured interviews with 16 senior managers and were examined based upon thematic analysis method. Accordingly, four main themes related to the environmental uncertainty were identified comprising sharp exchange rate fluctuations, unstable regulations regarding customs and industry, augmentation or reduction of international sanctions, and fluctuations in purchasing power and customer preferences. Moreover, three main themes with reference to organizational capabilities were determined including project risk management capabilities, trust-building capabilities, and networking capabilities. According to the environmental uncertainty conditions and the three capabilities, the role of competitive intelligence and organizational intelligence in achieving sustainable competitive advantage was drawn in the thematic network and was then presented in the form of a competitive advantage model under high environmental uncertainty conditions.

This paper aims to propose an approach for selecting outsourcing strategies in the two-level bidirectional service supply chain.

Design/methodology/approach:

 Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) has been used for selecting two factors that have maximum influence on service outsourcing decisions. The selected factors have been integrated with quadrant analysis for selecting outsourcing strategies. Two questionnaires have been developed to indicate the importance and correlation of objectives of outsourcing and choosing factors that have an influence on service outsourcing decisions in the selected service supply chain of a hospital in Isfahan, Iran. Questionnaires have been fulfilled by senior managers and supervisors in a hospital.

Findings indicate that customer contact and relative capability position in the process have maximum effect on service outsourcing decisions in the selected service supply chain and when relative capability position in the process is high, it is better for the decision-makers to contribute with other organizations since it provides better situation to discover weaknesses of the organization.Research limitations/implications: The case study was limited only to one type of service supply chain, i.e., a two-level bidirectional service supply chain.

Practical implications: 

Managers of various (industrial and service) sectors by using the proposed model of this research can concentrate on the variables that have more influence on outsourcing the desired processes and choose appropriate supply strategies for their processes in various conditions.Social implications: In this paper, customer contact and relative capability position in the process were found as having a maximum influence on pathology process outsourcing and they were selected for quadrant analysis and defining outsourcing strategies.

Originality/value: 

The uniqueness of the subject of this paper is apparent as no similar research was found in the literature investigating the relationship between different service supply chains types and outsourcing

Organizations outsource some of their services to achieve benefits such as reducing costs and focusing on their core activities. Despite the important strategic advantages of outsourcing in the service sector, there are many problems. Many researchers have done research focused on service receiver to solve these problems. This research seeks to explain the model of partnership quality in outsourcing services with the grounded theory approach from both sides of outsourcing contract in Isfahan Gas Company. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Through purposeful sampling method, 35 managers, employees and 17 contractors were interviewed for data collection. Data analysis was performed in three stages of open, axial and selective coding and the qualitative model of the research was extracted. The concepts and categories extracted in the last step are presented in the form of pivotal phenomena, causal factors, contextual conditions, intervention conditions, strategies and outcomes. The result shows the extraction of more than 105 codes of interviews as well as the identification of 24 concepts and 15 subcategories and 6 main categories presented in the paradigm model. According to the results of this study, the most important operational strategies are empowerment, standardization and technology improvement to achieve partnership quality in services outsourcing.

One of the salient features of today's competitive world is the widespread use of Information Technology. E-business, which has grown significantly in recent years, has many benefits for organizations, customers and the community. The purpose of this study is to find the best policies to improve the demand response rate in online sales in e-business. In this study, the main variables of the study is identified, using system dynamics and the demand response rate is forecasted and described as the core variable. By creating a simulation model, different policies implemented, and the results and consequences of each are studied. Out of them, only those policies that guarantee the growth and success of the business, in reality, are selected.

Using System Dynamics, the main variables of an online home food distribution system has been identified and their interrelationships created in the form of cause and effect loops and state-flow model. The data needed to simulate the system, obtained from interviews with business executives as well as internet search, and the model simulated using the Vensim software for 72 months. After validating the model using appropriate tests, to validate the model, the proposed policies implemented, and their results compared with the current performance of the system. For this purpose, SPSS software and paired comparison test used to analyze the data obtained from the simulation and to find the policy that made a significant difference at the 5% error level under conditions of the current system.  

The simulation results of the proposed policies indicated that it is possible to improve the demand response rate by holding training courses, increasing production to the extent of capacity, as well as combining these two policies. Findings also indicated that increasing the food prices and implementing advertising programs did not affect improving demand response rates. The statistical analysis resulted in an insignificant difference for the second policy at 95% confidence level. The third policy emphasized increasing the number of food produced to the production capacity. The results of this policy indicated a significant difference between this policy and the current system at the 5% error level. The fourth policy suggested an increase in the final price of food. There was a significant difference at the 5% error level. However, due to the value close to the significance level of 0.05, it was not suggested to implement the policy. The last policy implemented in the system was a combination of the first and third policies. At the 95% confidence level, the fifth policy was significantly different from the current state of the system.  

Due to the large size of the model, variables such as revenue and profit entered into the system. The variables of food quality, customer's expected quality and customer's complaints removed from the model because they did not directly affect the behaviour of the main variables. Moreover, the variables of raw material prices and final food prices considered as average since it was not possible to enter different daily prices for more than 80 types of food.

The proposed model helps managers to evaluate the results of their suggested policies efficiently before their implementation and to make effective policy. Making the first policy, i.e. holding a training course, has affected all of the three variables of demand response rate, production capacity and profitability, significantly; hence managers are advised to put significant emphasis on such policy. Also, increasing the production to the maximum capacity was associated with a slight increase in the studied variables; hence, making this policy was not recommended. Furthermore, the simultaneous implementation of the training course and equalization of the number of food produced with the production capacity, each of which alone significantly changes the behaviour of the main variables, and can significantly increase the demand response rate, production capacity and profitability. Therefore, it is a suitable choice for managers and decision-makers to combine and implement these two effective policies simultaneously.  

By the use of System Dynamics approach, the causal relationships between different variables of the internet business system transformed into a dynamic model and the interactions of variables over time simulated. In similar studies on simulated e-business by a system dynamics approach, the simultaneous impacts of the production, demand, sales, and investment subsystems have not investigated.

Due to the growth of world trade, companies try to enter foreign markets in various ways and maximize their profits while selling, one of the most common methods being export. The main purpose of the present study is to present a dynamic model for explaining the impact of export marketization and product design management on export performance of Iranian handicraft exporting companies. Semi-structured interview and thematic analysis were used to collect and analyze the research data, respectively. The statistical population of the study includes senior managers, expert experts of the Ministry of Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Crafts of Iran and exemplary exporters of Tehran province. The validity of the research findings was ensured by using member, triangular, and paired survey methods. Reliability test was used to test the reliability. Based on the results of the research, product design management and market orientation were identified as the main pillars of handicraft exports. The results of the theme analysis also resulted in the extraction of 7 components for export marketization that were classified into four subgroups or themes. Identified themes include author branding, exhibition marketing, virtual marketing and export marketing strategy. The sub-themes came in the form of a main theme as export marketization. The results of this study can be used by export companies as well as export facilitators.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of open innovation antecedents on its consequences in higher education institutions. The identified consequences and antecedents in higher education institutions have been studied and the influence of open innovation antecedents on its consequences has been analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and factor analysis. For this purpose, the selected universities of Isfahan province have been considered as the case study. The statistical population of this research was 1,490 people. 306 people were also determined as sample, from which, 306 questionnaires were ultimately collected. The content validity of the questionnaire was investigated through the opinions of seven experts. In addition to content validity, structural validity method and factor analysis technique were also used to assess the validity of the research tool. Considering that the significance value of ‘T’ in the relationship between open innovation antecedents and open innovation consequences was obtained higher than 1.96, it was concluded that the effect coefficient of 0.791 was significant at 95% confidence level, and the effect of independent variable on dependent variable in the main research model was confirmed. This finding indicated the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable of the open innovation consequences as well as the very good fitness of the model with the data. The strengths and weaknesses, situation and position of each university were investigated and the gaps between internal skills and resources needed to establish joint development relations were identified. Appropriate and clear communication between the university and industry was established and the needs of employees and students were assessed to achieve success in universities. As a result of this need assessment, the participation of employees and students was used and the, the needs were met.