اصغر نیک سرشت

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the creation of sports talent identification system in Fars province using a hybrid algorithm. This research is based on a descriptive, exploratory study and with a developmental approach, which is used to analyze the data from a qualitative approach based on a combined algorithm of open and methodological systems methodology and in a small part of factor analysis. In this way, by studying the background of the subject and in-depth interviews with experts, the dimensions and components needed to design a talent identification system were determined. The sample of the qualitative part of this research was selected using purposive judgmental sampling method and in order to validate the required data system was collected through a researcher-made questionnaire. Then the components were confirmed using factor analysis method. Based on the research findings, the dimensions of the talent identification system were developed in three dimensions (structural, content, contextual). In general, it can be said that the establishment of sports talent identification system in Fars province is a complex, time consuming and long matter and due to different factors in it has increased its dynamics and has led to the use of open system methodology approach. The formulations in this field are focused on physical factors and its management has not been considered, which should be at the forefront of other cases in the long-term talent identification process.

Physical activity under high pressure such as scuba diving can cause oxidativestress. This study aims to investigate the effect of diving at a depth of 10 meters for 20 minutes on serumlevels of antioxidant enzymes in male divers.

In this quasi-experimental study, participants were 6 male divers who were selectedfrom the divers of the Red Crescent rescue team in Yasuj, Iran. First, blood samples were taken fromthe subjects. Then, in less than five minutes, they reached the desired depth (10 meters) and starteddiving for 20 minutes. When they began to come up the surface, they had a safety stop at a depth of 3meters for 5 minutes. When they reached the water surface, blood sampling was performed again immediately.Paired t-test was used for statistical analysis of data (P≤0.05).

After diving, a significant increase was reported in serum levels of catalase (P=0.009) and superoxidedismutase-3 (P=0.002), compared to the pre-test phase.

Scuba diving at a depth of 10 meters for 20 minutes increases the serum levels of catalaseand superoxide dismutase-3, which indicates the effect of diving on increasing the activity of antioxidantenzymes.

The main purpose of this study was to identify and rank the factors affecting the success of football coaches working in the first division of the football league with emphasis on FAHP. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and based on data collection is descriptive-analytical which was done by survey method. The statistical population of the study included all club managers, coaches and football experts. Based on purposive sampling method, 16 of them were selected for fazzy AHP analysis. Data were collected using interviews to identify the success factors of trainers and a 9-item pairwise comparison questionnaire. Data analysis method was performed using fuzzy hierarchical analysis technique to prioritize the factors. The results showed 7 factors affecting the success of football coaches, technical and tactical skills with a weight of 0.208 in the first place, decision making skills with a weight of 0.185 in the second place, team management skills with a weight of 0.177 in the third place, Danesh And scientific knowledge with a weight of 0.169 in the fourth rank, professional relations and social support with a weight of 0.125 in the fifth rank, psychological skills with a weight of 0.108 in the sixth rank and support for coaches with a weight of 0.028 in the seventh rank .

The present study was conducted with the aim of developing and evaluating the substitution pattern of players in the basketball clubs of the Iranian Premier League.The method of the present study was mixed in terms of data collection method,which was implemented qualitatively and quantitatively.In the qualitative section,the statistical population included18basketball club managers, members of federation committees, players,coaches, and university faculty members.The sampling method in the qualitative section was purposeful and the snowball sampling technique was.Also in the quantitative part of the statistical population, all sports managers and experts,sports coaches,people with a history of professional basketball, faculty members and players of basketball clubs.The research tools included semi-structured interviews and a researcher-made questionnaire.Approach data theory method was used to analyze the data in the qualitative part(Glaser, 1978).In the quantitative part, the face and content validity of the research tool was confirmed by a group of experts and its construct validity was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis based on structural equation model.SPSS and Amos software were used to analyze the data. The results of the coding showed that the development and evaluation of the substitution model of Iranian Premier League basketball players is based on various factors, so in order to provide a performance mechanism, it is necessary to:1)competency levels,2)requirements and3)desirable outcomes.Note.Considering these cases,a bright future can be imagined for the basketball clubs of the Iranian Premier League. The results of the quantitative section indicated that the factor loads of the questionnaires of the playerschr('39') replacement questionnaire are in a good condition.

Although sports activities lead to mental and physical health, they can also lead to a variety of injuries and accidents. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between professional and scientific skills of sports managers and the occurrence of sports accidents and insurance obligations of athletes in Fars province. The research was a field-study. The statistical population of the study was all managers and members of sports boards with inquiries from sports and youth departments (N = 2100) who were selected as a sample by stratified random sampling method and based on Morgan table 330 people. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire which its validity was confirmed by 20 experts and its reliability was confirmed by the retesting method with a coefficient of 0.86. To analyze the information from descriptive and inferential statistical methods and structural equation model AMOS and SPSS software were used. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between scientific-professional capabilities of sports managers by reducing sports injuries and other research components (p≤0.05). However, athletes' insurance and sports liability insurance are legal requirements. It is suggested to pay serious attention to the technical knowledge and their scientific-professional skills, especially in the field of insurance and the science of practice, in appointing and employing managers and members of sports boards.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive disease associated with the destruction of the myelin sheath of the central nervous system. The most common problems in these patients are muscle fatigue and balance disorders. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 12-week yoga practice on fatigue and balance in male and female patients with MS. In this study, 22 men and women with MS, members of the Fars MS Association, were randomly divided into equally experimental (yoga exercises) and control groups. Muscle fatigue was measured by electromyography and balance index was measured by leaf balance test before and after yoga exercises. Data were analyzed using independent and paired t-tests. The results showed that after 12-week yoga practice, it had a significant effect on the amount of electromyography signal from muscle fatigue. Moreover, the results related to balance indicated an improvement in balance indices after 12 weeks of balance exercises in the experimental group compared to the control group. According to the results, this exercise method can be used to improve muscle fatigue and balance in these patients.

The main purpose of this study is to provide a model for developing the success of football coaches using the data foundation theory (Case study: football clubs in the first division league). The present study is based on the purpose of basic research and is based on the collection of exploratory information using the Foundation's data theory method. The statistical population consisted of coaches, club managers, veteran athletes working in League One teams, and university faculty members. The method of targeted sampling using the snowball technique was used. The collected data were analyzed and analyzed using open, central and selective coding and the final model was extracted. Based on the results and after the final classification of concepts, 28 sub-categories were obtained, which were placed in 6 main categories. Based on the Six-Partners Coach Success Paradigm, the prerequisites for coaching success, context and facilities, barriers, practical strategies and the consequences of coaching success are summarized.

Sports rights are a set of rules that are developed by sporting or sporting organizations and organizations to regulate the behaviors of human resources (athletes, spectators, profetionals people, coaches and referees) in sport and apply in sports settings. The purpose of this research was to analyze the amount of legal awareness among the managers of civil liability indicators in sport activities in Fars province in 2019. The research was a field survey-field survey. The statistical population was all managers and staff members. Based on Morgan's table, 400 individuals were selected using stratified random sampling. Data was collected by a researcher-made questionnaire. The test-retest method confirmed its reliability with a coefficient of 0.86. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the level of legal awareness of civil liability indices and the level of scientific competency of managers of sports boards. Also, there was a significant difference between the views of women and men on knowledge of civil liability indicators (p < 0.05) regarding the service record, there was a significant difference between managers' viewpoints (p ≤ 0.001). That is, managers with a higher record of service have a greater awareness of legal awareness.

Remote Ischemic Preconditioning (RIPC) improves exercise performance, and since this phenomenon has two phases, the aim of the current study was to investigate the delayed effects of remote ischemic preconditioning on cardiopulmonary function in athletes and non-athletes.
25 male and female students were studied in two main athletes and non-athletes groups. RIPC was induced by using 3 cycles of alternative 5 minutes ischemia and 5 minutes reperfusion at arms of participants. Cardiopulmonary tests were measured before, after and 24 hours after inducing remote ischemic preconditioning. Maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) estimated by using queen steps test.
Analysis of data demonstrated that delayed RIPC in non-athletes group caused significant improvement in Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1) and Maximum Voluntary Ventilation (MVV) and noticeable improvement in some other parameters of pulmonary function tests. Moreover, it decreased systolic blood pressure and heart rate and decreased lactate release in both groups especially athletes group but it had no significant effect on VO2max of both groups.
Delayed RIPC improves cardiovascular function of athletes and pulmonary function of non-athletes subjects. Thus, it can be considered as a good replacement for doping to improve sports performance of subjects in sports tournaments.

Atrial natriuretic peptide is a type of peptide hormone which release into blood in term of atrials stretch. This hormone it have beneficial effect in decrease hypertension. Physical activity may be that causes to change secretion of this hormone. The purpose of this study evaluate the effect of one session anaerobic exercise in serum ANP on trained and untrained healthy men.
Population consist of 15 trained healthy men( age: 21/6 ± 1/88 year, height: 174/33 ± 5/75 cm, weight: 67/68 ± 5/53 kg) and 15 untrained healthy men( age: 21/4 ± 2/16 year, height: 175/66 ± 4/76 cm, weight: 69/6 ± 4/61 kg). Both groups performed Rast anaerobic test. They run with maximum power 35 metric distance( 6 distance) and around 10 second rest between any distance. 10 minute before started and immediately after training, blood sample were collect to assay serum ANP. Data were analyzed by used Spss software( version 16), descriptive statistics, independent T test, correlated T test and analysis of covariance in significance level P ≤ 0/05.
The result showed that one session anaerobic training it causes significant increase of serum ANP in both groups, but in trained group was significantly higher than untrained group. Also primal content of serum ANP it were higher in trained group than untrained group.
Based on this investigate, it seem that one session of anaerobic training it able to increase of serum ANP in trained and untrained healthy men, and plays a important role in blood pressure control.

Given the high prevalence and negative economic, social and educational consequences of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), it is essential to find an easy and inexpensive way to treat or reduce the symptoms of it. Several studies have shown that exercise can be effective in the treatment of PMS. Because so far no study has compared the effects of resistance and endurance exercise training on somatic and affective symptoms of PMS, the main objective of this study was to compare the effects of eight weeks resistance or endurance exercise training on PMS. A clinical trial (before and after) was performed on 30 patients with this syndrome were randomly divided into three groups: resistance, endurance exercise and control. Somatic and affective symptoms of PMS were evaluated before and after protocols by PMS questionnaire. Duration of the protocol was eight weeks. Descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) followed by the LSD post hoc test (p≤0.05) were used for data analyses. Before starting the protocol, age, height, social and affective symptoms were not different between participants. Compared with the control group, eight weeks of resistance training or endurance training, could significantly reduce social and affective symptoms of PMS. Exercise training could improve PMS symptoms and there were no significant difference between resistance and endurance training.

Weight gain andfataccumoulationare one of risk factors which led topolycystic ovarysyndrome. The aim of thisstudy was to examinethe effect ofexercise intensityonsexual hormonechanges inratswithpolycysticovary syndrome. 40 femaleWistarratswere selected (180±20mg) every2to 3consecutiveestrouscyclesduring12 to14 days. Thefirsttwogroupsweredivided into control (n = 30)andpolycystic(n = 30)that became patient byestradiolvalerateinjectionafter60 days. Thepolycysticgroupswere dividedinto threegroups of observer(n = 30), experiment group1 (low-intensity exercise (n = 30)) andexperiment group2 (moderate intensity exercise (n = 30)). Exercises were performed6 sessions of60 minutesper weekfor8 weeks.The mice were anesthetized by injection of 5 ml of blood directly from the heart and the blood factor measured by Elisa, ANOVAandLSDsamples were usedfor normal distributionsandKruskal-Wallis testfor analysis ofdata thatwere notnormally distributed. Concentrations of FS.Hin experiment group1increasedsignificantlycompared to thecontrol groupand the observer group. Also free testosterone was significantly higher compared to observer group. FSH concentration ingroup2 was higher ascompared to thecontrol and observer groups, and changestoLH,estrogenandandrostenedion were notsignificantcompared tothecontrol group despite theirincreased. Rightand leftovarianweightingroup1 had ahigherfinalweightandtotal weights of laboratory animals in research were notsignificant. According to weight changes and sexual hormones (FSH and Androstenedion)exercise training especially with low intensity may improvesymptomsof polycystic ovary syndrome.

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that can be followed by a decrease in insulin secretion. Exercise is an important factor in the control of diabetes and is also effective on the immune system. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise intensity on the number of immune cells in the peripheral blood of diabetic rats. In this experimental study، 28 white female Wistar rats with average weight of 260 ± 20 and age of 80 days were randomly divided into four groups with seven subjects: control، diabetic without exercise، diabetic with electric shock and diabetic with maximum exercise. After four weeks of running on a treadmill، the blood samples were collected and sent to the laboratory so as to determine the number of immune system cells in blood. White blood cell counts in diabetic rats with maximum exercise showed that the lymphocyte count was increased significantly (P≤0. 05) as compared with control and diabetic rats without exercise but the monocyte and neutrophil counts were decreased significantly (P≤0. 05). Also، the eosinophil counts in diabetic rats with maximum exercise did not decrease significantly (P≤0. 05) compared with diabetic rats without exercise. The results showed an increase in the lymphocytes count and a decrease in the monocytes and neutrophil counts of diabetic rats with maximum exercise compared with diabetic rats without exercise; the most and the least frequent cells were lymphocytes and eosinophil، respectively in diabetic rats with maximum exercise

some studies have evaluated influence of caffeine consumption on athletic ‎performance from different aspects. But, findings are different. The purpose of this research ‎was evaluating influence of caffeine consumption on some of cardiovascular factors ‎including heart rate and blood pressure during rest, end of exercise, and during 3rd and 5th ‎minutes of recovery.‎ Subjects of this study included 20 female athletes who participated in study ‎voluntarily. two exercise tests were performed separately by week interval. subjects ‎consumed placebo in the 1st and caffeine (5mg/kg) in the second test session. Heart rate and ‎blood pressure were measured during rest, at the end of exercise testing and during 3rd and 5th ‎minutes of recovery after submaximal test. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) was ‎measured using Fax submaximal cardiorespiratory test. t paired test was used for analysis of ‎data. ‎ caffeine consumption was not significantly effective on Vo2max, heart rate during ‎rest and at the end of exercise, and blood pressure recorded at the end of exercise. Caffeine ‎consumption caused significant increasing of heart rate during 3rd and 5th minutes of ‎recovery, and blood pressure during rest, 3rd and 5th minutes of recovery in athletes. considering increasing of blood pressure and heart rate as a result of caffeine ‎consumption, caffeine consumption (5 mg/kg) before submaximal exercise is not ‎recommended to those who suffer hypertension or cardiac disease or do exercise for health or ‎athletic purposes.‎

Ramadan is the holy month for Muslims and they fast during this ‎month. The purpose of this study was evaluating influence of selected exercise program ‎and Ramadan fasting on plasma glucose, lipids and lipoproteins.‎ Methods and Subjects of this study were 32 healthy, young untrained men who ‎voluntarily participated in this study. They were divided randomly to two groups of ‎exercisers (n=17, age: 25.76±5.27) and controls (n=15, age: 25.42±3.99). Blood samples ‎were taken four times [1 day before the beginning of Ramadan Fasting (Pre-RF), 15th and ‎‎29th of the Ramadan and 30 days after the end of Ramadan Fasting(After- RF)]. Exercise ‎training included aerobic exercises (intensity: 70% of maximal heart rate, frequency: 3 ‎times a week, duration: 4 weeks). Statistical method of t and repeated measure tests were ‎used for analysis. Triglyceride (TG) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) were ‎significantly lower in exercise group at 15th of Ramadan and TG was significantly lower ‎After-Rf (P≤0.05). There was no significant difference between other variables including ‎low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), total cholesterol (TC) and ‎fasting blood sugar (FBS) in exercise and control groups (p>0.05).In exercise group TG, ‎VLDL and FBS decreased in day 15 versus pre fasting, TG and VLDL increased in day ‎‎29 versus day 15 and decreased in After-RF versus day 15(P≤0.05).There were no ‎significant changes within measures of control group (p>0.05)‎ It seems that metabolic response to fasting is closely related to interactive ‎response of exercise and fasting.‎

The metabolic and physiological responses of the body to physical activities under optimal nutrition have been recognized. However the effect of physical activities under fasting situations has rarely been studied. In the present study the effect of aerobic exercises on the fluctuation of some blood hormones of the fasting people was examined. Forty healthy non-athletic males were randomly selected and divided into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group underwent an aerobic program in Ramadan fasting with 70% heart rate reserve for three days in a week for the whole month. Thyroid hormones (TSHT4T3) and Insulin were measured in four stages: before after and in 15th and 29th days of Ramadan. The samples before and after Ramadan month were collected after 12 hours of fasting over night and the 15th and 29th Ramadan samples were collected before breaking the fast from the left brachial vein. The comparison between experimental and control groups showed that insulin and T3 level had not difference (p>0/05). Increase of TSH and decrease of T4 in the experimental group in the 29th of Ramadan month were significant compared to the control group. (p=0.036 & p=0.015 respectively). Aerobic exercises during fasting cause increasing TSH & T4. It seems that the thyroid and hypophysis gland secretions are influenced by exercise that can be due to the increase in active tissue metabolism and thyroid hormone role in the body adaptation mechanism to provide active tissue demands