تقی بختیاری

Many foreign nationals have migrated to Yazd province due to cultural, linguistic, religious affinity, security, labor market, etc. This trend intensified after the revolution and its effects can be seen in social, economic, cultural, political and security dimensions. The purpose of this research was to identify the challenges of the presence of foreign nationals in Yazd province. The research method was a qualitative type of thematic analysis, and the method of determining the participants is a purposeful judgment. The participants included security and law enforcement experts of Yazd province, and the method of determining the sample size was data saturation. The data collection tool was in the qualitative part of the semi-structured interview, the validity of which was achieved through the continuous work of the researcher with the data and the repetition of 10% of the analysis of the interviews. Data saturation was achieved after 9 interviews. Rating of challenges using the number of 30 people who were selected in full and with the tool of researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was ensured with the help of experts and experts and its reliability with the help of Cronbach's alpha coefficient (.75) and using Friedman's test was done. The research findings showed that the policing-security challenges of the presence of foreign nationals in Yazd province include four organizational, political-security themes; social; economic; There are rules that the basic themes of each of them are reported and ranked in detail in the text of the article. Considering the identified challenges caused by the illegal presence of nationals in the country, it is necessary for the authorities to systematically organize the immigration process of foreign nationals.

In recent years, some parts of the country, especially the border areas, have been subjected to numerous incidents and insecurities by opposition groups, causing damage to the country's security forces and facilities. Threats such as the insecurity of border areas, attacks on border units, drug trafficking, the formation of terrorist groups and enemies, along with ethnic-religious movements, have jeopardized the security of the eastern borders, especially the Taibad border area. Keeping this issue in mind, the present article seeks to identify the security-law enforcement consequences of the presence of opposition groups in the jurisdiction of ​​Taibad border regiment.

In terms of its objectives the present study is of applied research type and in terms of the nature and method of data collection it is a qualitative and exploratory study. The participating community was among the commanders and managers of the border guard command of Khorasan Razavi province, which was selected with a purposeful judgment method and the sampling volume was used to achieve theoretical saturation. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview, whose validity was confirmed using face and content validity and the reliability was confirmed using the coders' consensus approach. A three-level coding technique was used to analyze the data.

The findings indicate that the consequences are in 6 economic, cultural, political, social, security and law enforcement dimensions. The components with high frequency in each dimension include: absence of investors, society's skepticism towards the promotion of the opinions of the opposition group, tension in the relations between Iran and Afghanistan, migration to other cities and countries, human trafficking, arms and ammunition, and increase in theft.

In the field of cultural, economic, social, political and security issues, there is a need to develop a road map and provide operational solutions to determine the role of the responsible institutions in order to prevent the consequences of the presence of opposition groups.

Background and The establishment of public security in society requires the creation of appropriate platforms in the form of strengthening protective factors and eliminating risk factors, in this regard, crime prevention is one of the ways to achieve public security, so the purpose of this research Measuring the impact of crime prevention on public security.Research The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of its nature and method, data collection using library documents and a questionnaire, the validity and reliability of which was calculated using experts' opinions and Cronbach's alpha coefficient test. The research was carried out on the number of 96 law enforcement and security experts with experience in security issues and experts in prevention in the country, and linear and multivariate regression was used for data analysis. The findings show that crime prevention includes, respectively, 1-institutional dimension; Police and criminal justice system, 2-material dimension including; Life, property and reputation of people and 3- mental dimension including; Public order and good morals of public security have the most influence. Planning for crime prevention by focusing and paying attention to the aspects of public security will double the success and authority of organizations in charge of crime prevention in the direction of producing and feeling of security in the society and will pave the way for other macro-planning of the country.

Commanders' intelligence is one of the basic needs and success factors for predicting damage and security threats and making appropriate decisions by them, this important role plays a significant role in ensuring stable border security. The present research aims to design the model of intelligence elites of the commanders in controlling the movement of terrorist groups in the border regiment of Paveh.

This research is applied in terms of its type and method. The participating community of the qualitative part included the commanders and managers of the border guard of Kermanshah province and the Paveh border regiment, and 15 of them were selected by a targeted method and based on the principle of theoretical saturation. In the quantitative part, the statistical population is 100 people, the sample size of 81 people was determined using Morgan's table. The qualitative validity of the research was confirmed by dividing the results of the interviews and its control and the continuous work of the researcher with the data, and the quantitative validity of the research was confirmed by using the opinions of experts and its reliability based on Cronbach's alpha (.871). Data analysis was done by qualitative content analysis and exploratory factor analysis using Maxqda, SPSS and AMOS software.

The findings showed that in total, three main categories of thematic, environmental and individual information elites and nine sub-categories: 1-‌ Informational, 2-- Economic, 3- Political, 4- Organizational, 5- Physical needs of the border, 6- Facilities and equipment, 7- Environmental characteristics, 8- Manpower, and 9- ‌ Social problems of border dwellers in the form of 54 items, explains the intelligence elites of the commanders in controlling the traffic of terrorist groups.

Paying attention to the dimensions of thematic, environmental and individual intelligence is one of the important principles that guarantee the success of law enforcement units in providing border security.

Countries use a variety of methods to secure and manage their borders. Physical blockade of the borders is one of the methods that some countries, including Iran, use to manage and control the borders efficiently and ensure border security. But despite the positive results, this has led to various socioeconomic, cultural and political challenges. In the present study, the challenges of blocking the borders of Baneh city in Kurdistan province were identified. The present study is applied and the method is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the study also includes law enforcement, political, and Revolutionary Guards staff in Baneh County, which are somehow related to border and border security. The information and data needed for the research were collected through library studies and interviews with the statistical population. Qualitative research method of interview content analysis was used to analyze the interview data. The results of the interviews showed that blocking the borders and endangering the livelihoods and welfare of the inhabitants of these areas are a prerequisite for allied parties and groups as well as regional and international enemies. Have different guilds and people to accompany. Increasing the political divide, diminishing the legitimacy of the system, diverging boundaries, and lowering the confidence of border residents are the challenges posed by the blockade.

The existence of long borders of Khorasan Razavi province with Afghanistan (297 km) and the topography of the land in the border areas on the one hand and the inadequacy of human and physical methods on the other hand indicate the inefficiency of border control. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the measures to control illegal traffic in the Taybad Border Regiment so that policymakers can be aware of the results of the measures, and have the correct orientation in spending funds and resources to control borders and avoid wasting resources. The research is descriptive-survey in terms of method and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the study was 85 commanders and managers of Taybad Border Regiment and the sample size was determined by Morgan table of 70 people. Data were collected by a valid researcher-made questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha 0.88) and analyzed using confirmatory structural equation and Pearson correlation tests. By examining the model by measuring the factor loads, the AVE coefficient for all structures was calculated to be more than 0.5, which indicates the high convergent validity for the research variables. The combined reliability coefficient for all structures is calculated above 0.7, which indicates the internal stability of the measurement models. The results of Pearson test also showed that the highest correlation (0.949) is between the component of social factors and equipment and technical and electronic devices and the lowest (0.192) is between the component of physical facilities and social factors. The results showed that physical and non-physical measures were more important in terms of evaluating control measures for illegal traffic in Taybad border area, respectively. And strengthening them can lead to better control over these traffic.

Collective conflict takes place for any reason and motive, if it leads to murder, it changes the conditions of the region, so that sometimes the situation of several villages or tribes in the city may face major problems and difficulties.

In this regard, investigatory measures were carried out in four hypotheses.

This descriptive qualitative study was conducted in 1398 with the participation of 19 disciplinary, judicial and social sciences experts in Miandoab city. Targeted sampling was used during the semi-structured interview to collect data. Data analysis was performed using conventional (inductive) content analysis and coding. Lincoln and Guba reliability criteria were used to achieve the accuracy and reliability of the data.

Data analysis led to the extraction of 5 subclasses and two main categories. The main classes that emerged include "reduction of social cohesion" (with three subcategories of social disunity, reduction of psychological social security, loss of social capital) and "weakening of the rule of law" with three subclasses ("increase of desire and motivation to carry and maintain weapons"). "Giving" violent patterns and "strengthening the spirit of demand by resorting to violence").

In addition to depriving the community of physical and objective security, the occurrence of mass conflict is also a precondition for depriving the mental security and social well-being of members of a community. Collectively act with sensitivity and with a plan and awareness to reduce this phenomenon.

In this study, while briefly introducing Lake Urmia and its catchment area, the most important factors affecting the current conditions of Lake Urmia and also the most important threats and damages caused by the continuation of this situation have been described. The main purpose of compiling this article is to explain the causes affecting the dryness of Lake Urmia and the resulting threats in order to adopt appropriate strategies and arrangements to get out of these conditions. The main research question: to what extent does the drying of Lake Urmia affect the general security of East Azerbaijan province? This research is applied in terms of type, descriptive method and survey in terms of data collection technique. The statistical population of the study was 102 people who were selected in full and the data collection tool was a valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire. (Cronbach's alpha) was collected and t-test was used to analyze the data.

Overdraft from the water resources of Lake Urmia in recent years has had adverse environmental and economic consequences. In addition to upsetting the demographic balance of East Azerbaijan Province, mass migration also poses several security challenges. In order to evaluate the indicators, the mean of a quantitative variable was compared with the constant value (t-test) and the mean equality test was used for a sample. If this trend continues, while creating social, economic and environmental problems for the region, events such as reduced political participation, the formation of protests and regional tensions over water resources, population displacement, reduction The legitimacy of the system, as well as the reduction of the efficiency of the security and law enforcement forces in the region, will result in the formation of security crises in this province.

Hotel management and restaurant complex management are among the industries in which services prevail and in order to achieve long-term success in these industries, name management is essential. When managers think about strengthening their competitive position in the long run, the special value of the name becomes apparent. According to the owners of the brand, the main advantages include gaining more market share against competitors and the ability to retain customers. In this study, views on the impact of brand equity on customer satisfaction are examined and explained.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of research method. The statistical population of the study included all customers of the NAJA campus garden complex during the time period of 1/7/95 to 10/15/95. The statistical sample of the study was 384 people who were selected by simple random sampling. To collect data, the standard questionnaire of Nam , Ekinci and White (2011) was used.

Their findings show the special value of the facade name and its dimensions, which include the variables of physical quality, employee behavior, ideal self-matching, lifestyle fit and name facade awareness, have a direct and meaningful effect on customer satisfaction.

showed that the greatest effect is related to lifestyle variables in customer satisfaction and there was no statistical difference between the studied factors in terms of the effect on customer satisfaction.

Usually, the importance of the border and its determining role in ensuring national security in all political systems and governments has caused it to be seen as a national issue, and each country in order to control its borders and border areas to enact laws and regulations. Special or implement plans for this purpose. The purpose of this study is to investigate the consequences of the implementation of the border security plan from the perspective of commanders and officials in the border area. The present qualitative research is a development-applied research that was done by the content analysis method. The participating population consisted of 45 experts and experts in the border areas related to the subject who were purposefully selected and the information was obtained from them using semi-structured individual interview tools and using soft software. SPSS, Microsoft Excel, and Maxqda software were categorized and coded. The results show 50 focus topics from the interviews, which in the Security Opportunities section represent 15 topics, the topics from the interviews in the Legal Opportunities section, represent 5 focus topics, interviews in the Legal Threats section, due to implementation. North Khorasan border security zone plan represents 5 themes, themes from interviews in the dimension of economic opportunities resulting from the implementation of the North Khorasan border security plan represents 6 themes and themes obtained from interviews in the section of political threats resulting from the implementation of the plan The security boundaries of the North Khorasan border represent two central themes.

This study aims to study the most important indicators related to resistance economy. According to the studies conducted, interviews with experts and professors of the university, a conceptual model was introduced to identify the factors affecting the management of logistics costs in police. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance economy on logistics cost management in police.

The present research has been done in terms of applied purpose, descriptive method and survey. Its statistical population includes 73 senior financial experts in police. They have been selected in full. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was calculated by taking the opinion of experts, supervisors and consultants and its reliability was calculated by Cronbach's alpha test (0.887).In order to analyse the data, statistical methods of regression using SPSS software

According to the results of linear regression, each of the dimensions of the resistance economy affects the management of police logistics costs.

The results of the study according to the analysis of variance of multiple regression showed that the purchase of domestic products, consumption management and cost savings in public spending are effective on the management of police logistics costs. But consumption management has a greater impact on the management of police logistics costs.

One of the most important issues in the proper design of the process of detection and neutralization of crimes is to have accurate and sufficient information. Therefore, in addition to the workforce, the use of new technology and databases is critical to the success of any police organization, including the counter-narcotics police. This article tries to explain the real role of information-based in drug criminalization.

This research is descriptive and survey in terms of applied type and method. The statistical population of the study was 85 managers and employees of Alborz Drugs and the sample size was 70 people who were determined by Morgan table and examined by simple random sampling. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was provided by experts and experts of the Anti-Narcotics Police and its reliability was provided by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient (87%). For data analysis, Friedman's one-sample t-test and rank tests were used.

showed that among the key information components studied, the component of resources and informants with the highest rank average has the most role and statistical analysis with the lowest rank average has the least role on drug scaling.

According to the results of the analysis of research data, we came to the conclusion that in order to be more successful in drug crime detection, more attention should be paid to the field of covert collection and use of resources, informants and technical tools.

The entry into the information society in recent decades and the commission of organized crime by professional criminals and the fundamental change in the criminal environment have made the police aware of new police approaches, especially the information-oriented approach; Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to design a police crime detection system with an information-based approach.

The present study is an applied-developmental study that was conducted by combined method. The statistical population of the study in the qualitative part were 30 experts and experts in the field of crime in the country who were selected by purposeful method and in the quantitative part, there were 455 police experts and detectives who based on Cochran's relationship, the sample size was 208 people. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire and documentary method and focal interview were used to set the theoretical model. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to analyze the data.

The results showed that the police criminalization system with an information-based approach with four dimensions of law (with a significance coefficient of 90%), management dimension (with a significance coefficient of 95%), scientific-laboratory dimension (with a significance coefficient of 95%) and research dimension (with The coefficient of significance is 91%) and fourteen dependent components, which in total proved their significant relationship with a high coefficient.

The results of the study show the alignment of dimensions, components and characteristics of information-based criminalization system and their significant relationship at a high level.

The greatest task of law enforcement is to safeguard values. Based on the vision of 1404 NAJA, private and public institutions and agencies should seek to identify the most effective factors in reducing ethical security when establishing, identifying and maximizing family effectiveness, ensuring public safety and managing the community. The basic policing in this area is aimed at identifying and providing appropriate solutions to them.

From the practical point of view, the data collection is a combination of qualitative and thematic analysis of the thematic analysis. The statistical population consists of 70 commanders, managers and experts in ethical security field. In the quantitative part of the sample size, 70 individuals were selected in total. Data collection was done by a semi-structured and researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was provided by experts and reliability of the closed questionnaire by Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.89). Content analysis and rank test were performed by Friedman.

Seven components of the discovery component were found to be in the first rank in the "inadequacy in education" component with a mean of 38/90 and "management conflict" with a mean of 38/84 in the first component; Below are four components of the discovery (legal) background that have a mean of "cultural problems" with a mean of 38.83 and a "legal vacuum" with a mean of 38.58.

The results showed that Friedman's mean rank was not the same for the items, even though the difference between the means was not very high. On the other hand, most of the respondents are in the first place on the Tasum scale for structural challenges with a mean of 38.51%, behavior with a mean of 38.27 (legal) with a mean of 38.20.

Nowadays, security is not a single-dimensional issue; rather it has become a complex and multifaceted issue in both internal and external aspects. Therefore, internal security itself has various aspects: economic, political, social and cultural. According to experts and analysts, no single organization alone can take care of security issues and provide security in the society. In this regard, the young generation and the intellectuals may play an important role. Hence, the present study is mainly aimed at investigating the role of professors and students in interaction with police forces, and its impact on Arak city's societal security.

As far as objective is concerned, the research is of applied type. In terms of nature, it is of descriptive type, and in terms of collecting data is of survey type. In 2017, the statistical population of the study in Arak city was 53,000: 50,000 students and 3,000 professors. N= 381 selected from among professors and students of various universities using Krejcie & Morgan table and a quota sampling method, and then questionnaires were randomly distributed and filled in by participants. The tool used for gathering data was note taking, and in survey section a self-made questionnaire whose content validity was supplied by experienced experts, and its reliability was determined using Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.88). Data analysis was performed using Friedman's multi-variable statistical tests, as well as ranked regression and SPSS.

The findings indicated that university professors and students have scientific and technical interaction with police in three areas of crime prevention. In the constituent of prevention, crime prevention indices, crime detection and identification; in the constituent of scientific interaction of indices of research projects implemented, participation in think-tanks and holding roundtables; and in the constituent of technical interaction of indices of databank creation, data gathering and contribution to developing software, rank first to third, respectively.

Since the creation of any changes in the geopolitical sphere creates opportunities and threats to regional and global actors will have to be some kind of balance of power in the region and globally is influenced by the, Therefore, this article is The opportunities and threats posed by the phenomenon of Islamic awakening in the Muslim countries of the Middle East and West Asia and the Islamic Republic of Iran and be recognized.
This study is an applied descriptive analytical methods it can Bashdvabzar sector data collection and analysis based Brthlyl taking part resulted in the receipt of documents taken Mhtvamtalb  As well as other relevant sources of discourse leader of the research to ensure validity of the data in terms of Experts, which has been targeted randomly assessment tool was developed by the experts questionnaire.
The results showed that among various factors and statements collected by the investigation Azgrftn experts only 13 are of the greatest importance Mark Thdydv 6 factors that MhmtrbvdhAndbnvan opportunity of Islamic awakening is selected.
kill enemy AzhdbhThdydatmadbysh statements Bamyangyn (47.4) have the highest Tasyrvgzarh simulation proved revolution as unreal Bamyangyn (25/3) are the least Tasyrbvdh As well as the opportunity to remove statements, the Iranian leadership Bamyangyn (75/4) with the highest power TghyyrmvaznhTasyrvgzarhBamyangyn (25.4) have the lowest Tasyrbvdh.

Public security such as citizen security in a network of individual interactions, governments,society and its in direct relation with the mission of police organization (Eftekhari, 2006: 35). The basic mission of the police is in relation to public order and security, public security includes the security of all individuals. Who live in a country on a specific geographical basis (Help and Fellow, 1392: 137). Therefore, this research has been carried out with the aim of investigating the impact of internal organizational challenges of law enforcement management on public safety of tourists in 1396.

The research method was descriptive survey and the statistical population of the study was all 150 commanders and law enforcement personnel in Babolsar city who were selected by full scale. The method of collecting information and tools was a researcher made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by the experts and its reliability was obtained by Cronbach's alpha coefficient (786/0). For data analysis, statistical analysis of linear regression coefficient was used.

It was shown that the internal organizational challenges of law enforcement management include human factors, lack of physical equipment and underlying factors with regard to the significant level (0.000 sig =), which is less than 0.05, and the coefficient of determination has been obtained, which are respectively 261/0, 259/0 and 207/0, indicates that internal challenges inpolice management has a significant impact on the internal policymaking of the public security of tourists.

Due to the fact that the main hypothesis of the research is the effect of the internal factors of the police organization on tourism industry, the law enforcement can plan and improve the studied indicators in three dimensions as follous: individual factors, physical factors and field factors.

The importance and role of security in the development of the industry is the basis for its deployment and development. At the national level, security is generally divided into two parts: internal security and external security. Each of these two sections can be divided into other dimensions, for example, their internal security has dimensions such as economic dimension, political dimension, social dimension and cultural dimension. Therefore, the main issue in this study is to investigate the role of law enforcement in providing the social and cultural dual dimensions of security in the field of industry. In terms of its type this research is of an applied study and in terms of its method it is a mixed method (qualitative and quantitative) study. The statistical population of the study included law enforcement officers in the sector of security in the industry as well as managers and officials of the industry sector who are available to the researcher. The sample size in the qualitative section was 30 individuals who have been selected through targeted judgmental method and interviews were continued to reach a theoretical saturation. In the quantitative part, 90 experts in the security sector involved in the industry from the law enforcement and industry sector of the country were selected using non-probability sampling method. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made open and closed questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by the experts and its reliability was determined by the Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.89). Content analysis and Friedman rank test were employed for analyzing the data. In the qualitative section of the research, 12 indicators in the social dimension, 18 indicators in the cultural dimension, and 8 indicators in police threat-oriented approach were identified. In the quantitative part, among the components of the social dimension, the indicator of "Securing Citizens" with an average of 7.59 and in the cultural dimension the indicator of "Fighting against Threats and Damages Caused by Cybercrime in Industrial Centers" with an average of 8.48 and in the threat-oriented approach the "Incapacitating Security Disrupters" with an average of 4.12 were placed in top priority. Participants in this study have considered the police threat-oriented approach in providing different dimensions of security in an industry as important and influential. Also, the two social dimensions (with 95.6%) and cultural dimension (with 8.87%) in order of importance, explain the role of police in providing security in the industry.

The police patrols as the first layer of protection to prevent crime and security have an important impact on society. Because of the way the duty of law enforcement patrol missions with different mentalities and poor performance of some of them was always the problems and partly to protest the lack of provides causing concern, to evaluate the factors after reading books and resources, and research showed can be a function of two factors: A) Internal factors b) external factors and less work than employees and staff working with major differences in factors such as motivation, education, and training is located.

this research is applied in terms of applied and descriptive survey method. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire.The statistical population of the 120 members of the rescue unit of big Tehran and the sample size is selected in full scale.  For data analysis, one-sample t-test and Friedman rank test were used.  Results and

was it possible that, given the limitations of the sample without the need for sampling, statistical theory of individual members of society to obtain and then use the software spss Results are analyzed. The descriptive statistics were used for data analysis results of the study showed that patrol between performance and factors such as motivation, training, facilities, equipment, work experience, education, and performance correlates to promote them. In the end, after identifying these factors and demonstrate their positive impact and recognition problems, suggestions according to the results of the study are presented.

In order to establish order and security, police use different management practices and styles. As management in the police is a management on an open system that interacts with the environment, police directors have two internal (internal issues of the police department) and external (interactions of the organization with the environment) roles, and both roles are equally important, and weaknesses in each of these leads to fail to achieve the goals of the organization. The scientific study of the relationship between managerial styles and their impact on promoting a sense of security can partly signal the strength and weakness of police performance. Therefore, this research attempts to investigate the effect of managerial style of commanders and law enforcement officers on the level of sense of security of Ilami citizens. The research method was descriptive-survey and the data gathering tool in the library study phase was note-taking and in the field study phase was a researcher-made questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire confirmed using Cronbach's alpha (0.78) and its content and face validity was approved by professors and experts. The statistical population of the study was women and men holding higher education in management and security and the residents of Ilam city in 2014; and the sample size was calculated as 164 individuals using Cochran's formula. The findings of the research show that among the management styles studied in this study, the combined style of commanders and law enforcement managers with a coefficient of 72% and the t-value of 22.202 and the traditional style with a coefficient of 47% and a t-value of 19.157 and the situational style with a coefficient of 28% and a t-value of 16.1619 are ranked from first to third, respectively, in terms of preference and impact on the sense of security of Ilami citizens. The results of the analysis show that the implementation of different types of patrols with the consideration of the conditions and time requirements is in the first position, and the existence of the police that are in line with social norms and the existence of the police that have adapted themselves to the values of society are in the next position