فهرست مطالب جواد معین

Language is a collection of regular and interconnected sounds that distinguish words and their meanings from other words; in fact, sound is the most fundamental structure of language; because the appropriate use of vowels and consonants has a deep connection with the thought of the creator of the text, which can inspire specific meanings in the context of the situation; therefore, the purposeful repetition of consonants and vowels causes a great induction of phonemes in expressing the meanings of the text. "Maurice Grammon", a famous French linguist in the 20th century, puts forward the value and concept of inducing phonemes in language and believes that a writer can create the desired images and meanings with a specific and regular melody in a systematic network of words made up of similar phonemes. , to induce in the mind of the audience; for this purpose, the present research investigates the induction of sounds in Hajj verses with the method of content analysis and based on Grammon's theory; the results indicate that the phonetic miracle of the Holy Quran ultimately inspires beauty, concepts and meanings to the audience. So that the frequency of the light(simple) vowels "A" and "A"/a/¸/ã/ and the consonants of the latin words "S,Z"/s¸z/ and the alveolar- fricative consonant "Y"/j/ play a very important role in associating the concepts of Hajj.

In recent decades, the views of ‘Allāma Ṭabāṭabāʾī as one of the contemporary religious scholars in various subjects of Islamic sciences have been taken into consideration by religious scholars and researchers. The studies conducted around the views of ‘Allāma Ṭabāṭabāʾī were mostly in Qurʾānic, philosophical and mystical subjects. In the meantime, not much research has been done about his “method of tafsīr of jurisprudential verses”. In this regard, in addition to the explanation (sharḥ) of “Kifāyat al-uṣūl (Arabic: کفایه الاصول)” of Akhund Khurāsānī (Persian: آخوند خراسانی), in tafsīr (Arabic: تفسیر, English: Explanation) of al-Mīzān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān (Arabic: المیزان فی تفسیر القرآن, often known as Tafsīr al-mīzān), they have mentioned valuable commentary points under Ayāt al-aḥkām (Arabic: آیات الاحکام) or Fiqh al-Qurʾān (Arabic: فقه القرآن) that refers to the verses of the Qurʾān in which the Religious rulings are explained or from which rulings can be extracted and inferred. This article attempts to extract the most important fundamentals of ‘Allāma Ṭabāṭabāʾī in tafsīr of jurisprudential verses in the Qurʾān. It has been concluded at the end of this conclusion, that ‘Allāma Ṭabāṭabāʾī used various rules and fundamentals in tafsīr of jurisprudential verses of the Qurʾān, including such things as the “reliability of the apparent Meanings (ẓawāḥir) of the Holy Qurʾān, the legality of the verses of the Holy Qurʾān, the validity and reliability of the Sunnah (Arabic: السنه) or the tradition, the rules of the principles of jurisprudence (Uṣūl al-fiqh or Principles of jurisprudence (Arabic: اصول الفقه), the rules of Arabic literature, Qurʾānic studies (Qirāʼah or recitations or readings, Sabab al-Nuzūl [Arabic: سبب النزول, cause of revelation] and its plural Asbāb al-Nuzūl [Arabic: اسباب النزول] and abrogation)”. The findings indicate that his rules and fundamentals in tafsīr of Ayāt al-aḥkām are aligned with the views of famous Jaʿfarī jurists and his understandings of tafsīr are not much different from the famous ones.

Layered stylistic is one of the structural and cognitive linguistic approaches that studies the various phonetic, lexical, syntactic, rhythmic and ideological layers to explain the hidden layers.The Holy Qur'an, as the only miracle text, has placed the phonetic layer and the letters' tune in its verses wondrously, which leads to the creation of beautiful and melodious verses for its audience.This delightful musical elegance has been revealed with a special luster in Jihad verses. In these verses, the arrangement and composition of the words which have rooted from Jihad along with the musical characteristics of the whisper and apparent letters have created special and fascinating phonetic effects in verses. The frequency of the phonemes used in these verses with the character of Jahr and Hams shows how the Holy Qur'an in a peaceful sphere with fluent melodies invites the Muslims to this (Jihad) divine duty.The present study with an analytical- descriptive method, based on the layered stylistics, studies the phono-semantic aspect of Jihad verses. The most important results show that phonetic and semantic congruence of letters and conceptual coordination of selected words have created beautiful images alongside hopeful tune, which remind the results of Jihad for the sake of God for any Muslim.

Stylistic as one of the methods of understanding contemporary critical linguistics discovers the thought process of literary figures with the study of their inner world, aim and thought as well as their personal style. Spiritual music is one of the levels of linguistic analysis that is important in stylistic study process. The Ode Taeet al-Kabra is an immortal work of Ibn Farraz Mesri, a 7th century Egyptian poet, mystic and author that with more than 700 verses is identified as "Nazm al-Saluk ". In addition to divine love and mysticism, it is also known for its beautiful text as well as literary and rhetorical mastery. This study examines the rhythm of al-Kabrachr('39')s ideality with a descriptive-analytical method and relying on stylistics. The results indicate that Ibn Farraz in his story by using coherent and epic phonemes and different types of prose, provides a symphony of comfort in the layout of space of letter and words that audience are interesting and affected with.

Soft War is one of the most important issues in international relations in the present age and due to the low cost, it has been considered with many tools and the range around it, and the general public has not been safe from ‎it's possible damage. In the re-reading of the prophetic tradition, one can find examples that are similar to war. At the beginning of the formation of the Prophet's rule in Medina, four groups created a soft war against him to destroy the Prophet's faith. The first group that faced the Prophet through a hard and soft war, and try to destroy Islam, was the tribe of the Quraish. The Jews who lived inside and outside Medina faced the Prophet, followed by the Christian leaders of Najran who challenged the Prophet and the Monafeqin (the Hypocrites) during his reign,through conspiracy and soft operations to convert to Islam. The actions of the Prophet, part of which is based on the Holy Quran and a part of which is inspired by God Almighty, is the best solution to fight the soft war of the enemy.

Verse 24 of surah An-Nisā (the Women chapter), which is referred to as the verse "Mut'a", deals with the issue of temporary marriage. The different doctrinal and jurisprudential views of Shiites and Sunnis have caused differences in the interpretation of this verse. Well-known Imami scholars and jurists have accepted the legitimacy of the mut'a and ruled that it is permissible, while this legitimacy is disputed in the view of the Sunnis. How a jurisprudential ruling is understood and deduced from a verse has a very important role in accepting or not accepting that ruling. The mentioned verse is one of the jurisprudential verses that has been considered by commentators, including the late Allameh Tabataba'i, from whom they have taken and deduced rulings on mut'ah. The present article, while examining the interpretation of the verse based on the interpretive principles of Allameh, analyzes and explain how they use topics such as "lexicography, cause of revelation, narration, principles of jurisprudence, recitation, abrogation" in the field of proving the permissibility and acceptability of mut'ah.

The Holy Qur'an, as the last book of the heavens, is from a variety of aspects of miracles. Since the Quran, in the period was revealed that knowledge of "rhetorical and literary" among Arabs that time, a special place allocated to it, it can be claimed, the miracle of the Qur'an from the angle of "rhetoric" He had a great role in introducing this book. All Quran is a miracle, each of its surahs and verses, and even the vocabulary and the way in which they are chosen and arranged among the verses, is an illustration of a kind of beauty in the Qur'an. The overall picture of Surah Qamar, the end of "deniers" in several stage shows, in which the array of eloquence as "actors" order of songs is very detailed chapter as a "soundtrack", a drama artist of the The Quran Surah, which is more than "warning" and "alert" to the deniers, is shown to the audience.

The critique and study of the Persian translations of the noble Quran is one of issues which it has been considered in the Quranic research field over the past few decades. For about five hundred Quran verses are relating to legal rulings (the legal rules -hukm or ahkam al-Shari`ah-) which are known āyāt al-aḥkām or jurisprudential ordinances (the Quran verses of the rules), it makes the necessity of attention and accuracy of the Quran translators inclined to the circumstances and truthfulness of the Quran translations. This paper has studied the method of the translation of the six verses of āyāt al-aḥkām or jurisprudential ordinances with considering the important dictionaries, Quran exegeses, āyāt al-aḥkām or jurisprudential ordinances and etc. in twelve contemporary Persian translations of the noble Quran (Ayati, Elahi Qomshei, Ansari, Behboudi, Khoramshahi, Rezaei Esfahani, Sh’arani, Sadeqi Tehrani, Fooladvand, Meshkini and Makarem) in two sections: either ibadat (acts of ritual worship such as prayer or fasting, …) or muamalat (acts involving interaction and exchange among people such as sales and sureties). It has been revealed that the structure of āyāt al-aḥkām or jurisprudential ordinances is a type that the Quran translators without the science of the Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) cannot present accurate translations. Therefore, some Persian translations are inaccurate (fault).