حسین فلسفی

The bordered straw, Heliothis peltigera (Denis & Schiffermüller) is a well-known agricultural pest of some economically important plants throughout the world and Iran. In this paper, suitable areas for the potential distribution of this species in Iran were predicted using MaxEnt model, R package and ArcGIS based on its occurrence data and the bioclimatic factors. Moreover, the important climatic factors affecting their potential distribution were investigated. Based on the results of this study, the most suitable areas for this species are Gilan and Mazandaran Provinces. Additionally, most parts of the Bushehr Province and southern parts of the Hormozgan Province as well as western parts of the West Azarbaijan, Kordestan and Kermanshah Provinces have suitable conditions compared with the other areas. The main environmental variables contributing their distribution were precipitation of the wettest quarter (bio16), average wind speed in August (wind8) and May (wind5), and isothermality (bio2/bio7) (bio3). Predicting the distribution of this pest in the areas with high cultivation of its main hosts, can be important in the development of pest control strategies, obviously.

The family is the basis of society, the first building block of human collective life, the building block of society and the main center for the preservation and promotion of traditions, norms and social values. Undoubtedly, the solid foundation of social ties and kinship relations in the emergence of human emotions is the center of the family. Early and later mystics were aware of the importance and constructive role of the family. They have learned the necessary rules, customs and ethics of the family from religious, moral and mystical sources and have acquired the necessary skills. This study aims to express the role of practical mysticism components in the systematization of the family center and by descriptive method and library study shows that the people of conduct while respecting the sanctity of the family, including their spouse or children in paying attention and providing their mental health and happiness. They have also taken special care. Mystics have been diligent in establishing a sincere relationship with everyone, especially with young children, and have played a role in playing and talking to children like themselves.

Meaning therapy is a method that helps a person find meaning in his life behind difficulties and problems and answer to his fundamental questions.  The main hypothesis of this paper is that the principles of semantic therapy can be found in Farabi's philosophical and political theories that are compatible with the views of Victor Frankl, the founder of the semantic therapy school, and these principles can be explained based his thought. Examining Farabi's system of thought in a descriptive, comparative, and inferential way, we find that he is not only a philosopher and political thinker but also a doctor who, by identifying the suffering of the people of his time, tries to cure the disease of his society by teaching philosophical and political principles to provide meaning. His method of meaning therapy to achieve a meaningful pattern of life, i.e. understanding happiness can be found in 1. doing valuable work, 2. creating empirical values 3. Value of high experiences, and its components: recognizing individual responsibility, creating moral virtues, forming a community, and Lovemaking, mentioned.

The family is the basis of society, the first building block of human collective life, the building block of society and the main center for maintaining and promoting social traditions, norms and values. Undoubtedly, the solid foundation of social ties and kinship relations in the emergence of human emotions is the center of the family.Early and later mystics were aware of the importance and constructive role of the family. They have learned the necessary rules, customs and ethics of the family from religious, moral and mystical sources and have acquired the necessary skills. This study aims to express the role of practical mysticism components in the system of the family center and with a descriptive method and library study shows that the people of conduct while respecting the sanctity of the family, including their spouse or children in attention and provision Their mental health and happiness have also been given special attention. Mystics have been diligent in establishing intimate relationships with everyone, especially with young children, and have played a role in playing and talking to children like themselves.

The question of what a form is and whether it is substance or breadth is one of the basic questions in ancient and Islamic philosophies and the answer to it has been one of the most important and first concerns of philosophers. Among the philosophers, the views of Ibn Sina (following Aristotle) and Suhrawardi are more interesting than those of other philosophers. Ibn Sina has accepted the form and essence of it and its function in the substance and the needlessness of the substance to the accidence and the need for the accidence to the substance and has justified his speech with several supporting arguments. In contrast to Suhrawardi, he challenges and abandons the Aristotelian-Ibn Sinai view and offers a new understanding of the outside world. In this article, these two views have been explained, analyzed and evaluated with an analytical method and with the aim of correctly understanding the reality, and it has been concluded that Suhrawardi's view is more justified and explanatory in comparison with Ibn Sina's view.

The method of mystical behavior and how to acquire it is one of the most important issues and major concerns of mystics. In contrast with gnostic divine attraction which occurs instantaneously, the method of mystical behavior is dependent on hard work and perseverance and is achieved gradually. The main purpose of this article is to demonstrate through documenting Ibn Sina’s works and making use of what mentioned by some of his commentators that he, in addition to adhering to the spiritual journey as implied by his philosophical method, has diverged from the method of rational discussion in later stages of his life and approached the intuitional illuminative method which was later expanded by Sohravardi. In some of his works, especially at the end of his life, he has deviated from the pure argumentative and rational method and approached the intuitive and illuminative method of presence which was later expanded by Suhrawardi. The evidence for this claim comes from his own works. If his exquisite work entitled The Wisdom of the Orientals remained intact, we could have been in a better position to discuss his mystical dimension more clearly. Our findings show that the great sage was a man of conduct and austerity, and that some of the evil deeds attributed to him were fabrications of his enemies and opponents. The method used in this research is descriptive analytical and to some extent phenomenological.

In this paper the rational and intuitive spiritual journey by Sohrevardi and Habermas' philosophical theories, especially focused on the system of values and ethics, instrumental rationality and communicative rationality are evaluated with his thoughts. The purpose of this paper has been to demonstrate that Sohrevardi was not ignorant even in his own intuitive journey, and to achieve the true reality of human felicity and the necessary intuitive knowledge, he deems wisdom and intuition are supplementary to one another. Accordingly, Sohrevardi somehow founded the school of thought called "Integration School" that is a blend of wisdom, quotation, and intuition. There are similarities between Sohrevardi's theories and thoughts with Habermas in terms of system of values and instrumental rationality and communication which this paper has studied and analyzed them here. Habermas and Sohrevardi both believe that one can achieve beyond rationality realities upon the expansion of rational perceptions. Sohrevardi is of a believe that mystical discoveries are also comprehensible through rationality. Habermas on the other hand believes that one can achieve valuable truths through rationality but through communication and mutual understanding. In Sheikh Eshraq's opinion, rationality is supplement of intuition and vice versa; nevertheless, Habermas' notion is that rationality is after proving it. The rationality that Sohrevardi tries to develop is the philosophical rationality to achieve truth and felicity of human beings through the growth and development of intuition

The theories of psychotherapy are based on philosophical views and one of the topics discussed in philosophy is man. Suhravardi Nizami suggests that different from his predecessors, there is a world called Exemplary World, which has various characteristics and functions, and Suhravardi and many elders and even ordinary people have seen this world.

The method of this research is phenomenology, in which all preconceptions are discarded and the text is allowed to speak to the reader.

The basic aim of this research is to show its psychotherapeutic aspect based on the Sohrawardi school of illumination. His psychotherapy has various techniques and

psychotherapy through travel, through self-awareness, and through art. These three types of travel have an ontological aspect.

The result of this article shows that Suhrawardi philosophy is a type of humanistic psychotherapy and many diseases can be treated with it.

Women have always formed half of the society and have been part of the society's structure. Various views have been expressed on this half of human society throughout history; Some have considered women equal to men and others have considered her inferior to men. The purpose of this research is to investigate the position and role of women in Plato's thought; He is a great Greek philosopher. This research aims to examine Plato's texts about women, and investigate the real position of women from Plato's point of view. In order to carry out such a research, philosophical history reports have been omitted and Plato's writings have been reread phenomenologically. At first glance and based on several paragraphs of his treatises, it seems that he believes in the equality of men and women, and contrary to his time when women were considered inferior creatures, he thought of their superiority, but by examining and analyzing his writings, especially the Treatise on Republic and Mehmani It can be concluded that Plato's view of feminism is a wrong perception and he is anti-feminist in his thinking.

Aristotle’s thoughts have greatly attracted the attention of thinkers and philosophers in the course of history. Some of them have accepted them and some have criticized them. One of the greatest thinkers of the world of Islam is Mulla Sadra who, through knowing about Peripatetic, Illuminationist, gnostic, and theological thoughts, has created a new school of philosophy. He has explored the thoughts of several masters of philosophy in his Transcendent Philosophy. One of these prominent figures is Aristotle. In this paper, the writer has tried to locate, present, and review all the ideas that Mulla Sadra has quoted from Aristotle or attributed to him in his Magnum Opus, al-Asfar.