فهرست مطالب حمیدرضا رخشانی نسب

The land and urban space have been changed, expanded and enriched in terms of natural, physical, economic and social aspects. However, the use of land and the location of sports uses, which is a public and vital resource, must be done with basic planning. In this regard, the present study deals with the qualitative analysis of the location selection of sports uses in Zahedan using multi-indicator decision-making techniques. The method of this research is descriptive-documentary and analytical, and the relevant information has been collected in the field and in the library. Research data and information have been used using five evaluation matrices (proximity, accessibility, safety, topography and foundations) as well as Swara weighting model and Mabac ranking. The results of the five evaluation matrices (access, proximity, safety, topography and comfort) indicate that the sports halls of Zahedan city are not in a good condition in terms of safety and proximity, which is due to the lack of safe sidewalks. For elderly and disabled people, it is the lack of police stations, the lack of safe and secure sidewalks, the lack of safety of roads and areas, and the lack of access to parks and green spaces, as well as religious centers. The results of Mabak's decision-making model show that Imam Ali Sports Complex is in the first place, Kausar Sports Complex is in the second place, Moin Sports Hall is in the third place, Shahid Kargaran Sports Hall is in the fourth place and Shahid Beheshti Sports Complex is in the fifth place. Are placed On the other hand, Shirabad Hall is ranked 20th and Karimabad Hall is ranked last. Therefore, according to the indicators of safety, proximity, accessibility, and comfort, special attention should be paid to the salons of Karimabad and Shirabad, which are located in the suburbs of the city.

Providing suitable housing in terms of safety, comfort and energy efficiency has been considered as the most important human demands, and in this context, the intelligent building system creates ideal conditions in buildings by using the latest technologies. In this regard, the aim of the present study is to investigate the position of the indicators affecting smart housing in Shiraz city. The current research is descriptive-analytical in nature and practical in terms of purpose. Data collection has been done by two library and field methods. The statistical population of the research is the specialists and experts in the field of housing in Shiraz, and 72 experts were selected as the sample size using the Delphi sampling method. To analyze the data, one-sample t-tests, regression and structural equations were used. The results of the sample T-Tech test show that the index of energy consumption and optimization with the value of 3.12 and the index of hardware and software with the value of 2.75 have the highest and the lowest level of intelligence of residential buildings. . The results of the structural equations show that among the indicators of the technology dimension, the speed of data extraction in the building with a coefficient of 0.411, among the indicators of the energy consumption dimension, cutting off energy and gas in times of danger with a coefficient of (0.641) and in the hard dimension Software, control of equipment with an application with a coefficient of (0.412) have the greatest effect on the intelligence of residential buildings in Shiraz city, and in general, technology and data dimension with a coefficient of 0.502 and hardware dimension with a coefficient of 0.311 in optimal energy consumption and realization of smart building. is a transition In general, the residential buildings of Shiraz city are not in a good condition in terms of smart building, and considering the modern and high-rise residential buildings as well as the old and dilapidated structures, in order to improve the quality of life of the residents and save energy consumption and prevention. From upcoming events, it is necessary for city managers to pay attention to smart technology.

The purpose of this research is to evaluate and analyze the level of economic competitiveness among the five regions of Zahedan city. This research is descriptive-analytical based on its nature and method, and applied-developmental in terms of its purpose. The data collection of the research was done using questionnaires and documents (data from the Statistical Yearbook of Iran Statistics Center and Zahedan Municipality Statistics and Information Center). The questionnaire tool was designed based on the global indicators of the Economic Forum as well as the use of other articles and researches. The research data were analyzed in SPSS software. To rank the zones of Zahedan based on competitiveness indices that, first the data were weighted using entropy technique, then the Aras multi-index technique was used. The results of study indicate the inequality of five zones of Zahedan in having economic competitiveness indicators. Therefore, Zone 1 of Zahedan city with 0.765 weight in the first rank had high level of competitiveness, Zone 2 with 0.542 weight and zone 5 with 0.407 weight respectively located in the second and third ranks with regards to competitiveness level. On average, zone 4 with a weight of 0.223 in fourth rank and finally zone 3, with a weight of 0.99, in fifth rank showed low level of competitiveness.

Considering the necessity of regional integrated development, the study and analysis of educational indicators is considered one of the most effective tools for planning. The educational index is undoubtedly one of the most important components for allocating equal facilities at the regional level. Educational services at the level of Sistan and Baluchistan province are not uniformly distributed, so that there are many differences between the cities of the province in terms of educational indicators, for this purpose, the present research has investigated the distribution of educational indicators at the level of the province with the approach of educational justice, descriptive research method - It is an analysis that first, according to the statistical yearbook of 2015, the indicators of educational development were calculated, and then according to the ARAS method, the initial matrix was first formed, and in the next step, the data were normalized and weighted with the Shannon entropy method, and in The ultimate ideal of each matrix was calculated separately and the cities of the province were ranked according to the twenty-two indicators of educational development. The results of the research showed that the cities of Nimroz with 0.82 and Hamon with 0.73 in terms of educational indicators are at the developed level, the cities of Iranshahr, Zabul, Zahak, Fanuj, Kanarak, Nikshahr, Hirmand, Mirjaveh are at the semi-developed level. The cities of Zahedan, Delgan, Mehrestan, Khash, Saravan, Sib, Soran and Qasrqand are considered to be semi-developed and the cities of Sarbaz and Chabahar are underdeveloped or deprived

Earthquakes are one of the natural disasters that have caused a lot of damage to the inhabitants of the planet throughout history, which has led humans to always seek to reduce the effects of this sudden shock of nature. Zahedan city is located at a distance of less than 10 km from Zahedan fault and is affected by this potential danger. The city has 5 urban areas, each with its own structure; A population of 600,000, marginalization, and the presence of worn-out structures and unsuitable materials can be extremely dangerous, along with factors such as the concentration of services and uses that attract the population. In this research, an attempt has been made to study the efficiency of the roads in the central part of Zahedan during the earthquake crisis. The present study is an "applied" research and its method is "descriptive-analytical". Required data through field studies, mapping studies and using the opinions of experts and specialists in the field of crisis management and urban management (6 managers, 8 deputy managers, 20 group heads, 45 experts, a total of 79 people) ) Collected. AHP and ANP methods were used to analyze the information and determine the best emergency exit route using Expert Choice and Super Decision software. The results show that the passages in the study area, despite their suitable width, will not have the necessary efficiency in times of earthquake crisis. However, through hierarchical methods, the best urban thoroughfares in the area were determined to be the most efficient among the north-south thoroughfares of the Amir al-Momenin axis and among the east-west axes of the Imam Khomeini axis.

The expansion of the population of the cities and the increase of urban needs, on the other hand, the damage and natural and human threats to the cities, especially in the border areas, are threatened. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to urban resilience to increase the capacity and power of urban settlements against risks. Resilience is the degree of resistance of systems, their ability to tolerate change and disruption and the continuity of existing relationships between people and variables. Therefore, resilience is proposed with the approach of strengthening communities and reducing the vulnerability of cities, especially in border areas in terms of sensitive situations. The research aims to analyze the obstacles to the realization of urban resilience in the city of Zabul. This research is "descriptive-analytical" in nature and "applied" in terms of purpose. The method of collecting information was a document and a survey (questionnaire). The statistical population of the research is the residents of Zabol city and the sample size is 384 households based on Cochran's formula. The analysis was done using the factor analysis method and IDAS technique. The results show that the most important obstacles to the realization of resilience in the city of Zabul are environmental factors, poverty and unemployment, which cover 50% of the total variance. The reasons for this are severe droughts in recent years, low rainfall, lack of water resources and vegetation, high migration from rural to the city, decrease in production activities and increase in informal jobs and unemployment. The ranking of the districts of Zabul with the Idas model shows that District 1 is in a poor condition and District 2 is in a good condition in terms of resilience, the reasons for which can be attributed to the economic and social conditions of the resident's population, being immigrants, the quality of housing and the urban infrastructure of this area Cited

Like most people in Iran, the citizens of the city of Yasuj are elderly. According to the Statistics Center of Iran (2016), out of the total population of Yasuj (n= 134532), 5362 people are elderly which makes up about 3.98 percent of its citizens. Currently, few facilities, arrangements, and welfare services have been considered for this group in Yasuj which has caused their deprivation from urban spaces and different communities. Hence, this study tried to investigate and analyze the indicators of a desirable city for the elderly in case of Yasuj, and answer the questions “whether the needs of this section of society have been met in the planning and design of the city?” and “which index has received the greatest attention in final evaluation of the indicators of the desirable city for the elderly in Yasuj?” The data collection includes library and field studies. To analyze the indicators of the desirable city for the elderly in Yasuj, the required data were first collected using a questionnaire, and then, the subject was studied using statistical analysis models in SPSS including one-sample t-test and multivariate regression analysis. Moreover, to investigate the validity of the components evaluated in this study, the exploratory factor analysis model was used. The statistical population of the study consists of all residents (aging  60 years) in the city of Yasuj. Later, using Cochran's formula, 380 people were selected through simple random sampling. To evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used, so that based on the obtained numerical value (0.87), the reliability of the questionnaire was considered as excellent. The results showed that of the five studied dimensions, the access dimension with an average value (3.35) had the best status and the most desirable dimension for the elderly. Respectively, the two dimensions of security (with an average value off 3.07) and urban furniture (with an average value of 3.02) had the best situation among the evaluated dimensions for the elderly. The transportation dimension (with an average value of 2.47) and the passages (with an average value of 2.56) had the worst situation from the perspective of the elderly in this analysis, so they were in a very unfavorable situation.

The present study investigates and analyzes the role of the coastal city of Konarak in the development of its surrounding villages. This research is "applied" in terms of purpose and "descriptive-analytical" in terms of implementation method. The statistical population of the study is 20 villages around Konarak with a population of over 10,000 people. The sample size was calculated using the Cochran's formula of 382 people. Data collection tools have been library and field. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect field data, which was randomly distributed among the respondents. The required data were collected in the form of 4 indicators and 24 sub-indicators. In order to analyze the inferential findings, one-sample t-test, multivariate regression and path analysis test and to determine the level of development of the surrounding villages of Konarak city, fuzzy hierarchical analysis method and fuzzy TOPSIS model have been used. The results of one-sample t-test show that the economic index with an average of 2.910 is lower than the desired level and the cultural index with an average of 3.233, the social index with an average of 3.059 and the infrastructure and communication index with an average of 0.071 3 are above the desired level. The results of route analysis indicate that the economic index with an overall effect of 0.742 and the infrastructure-communication index with an overall effect of 0.621 have the greatest impact on the development of peripheral villages, respectively, and the cultural index with an overall effect of 0.199 has the least impact. Also, the results of regression test show that, based on the obtained significant level (Sig = 0.000), there is a significant relationship between the functions of the coastal city of Konarak and the development of surrounding villages.

One of the main policies of the country and one of the most important strategies of the government in recent years is the "Mehr Housing Project" with the aim of providing housing for different groups. The purpose of this study is "Comparative evaluation of residents' satisfaction with Mehr housing in Zahedan." The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and method. In the process of collecting data and information, documentary and field methods have been used. The statistical population of the study is the residents of Mehr Shargh and Gharb housing complexes in Zahedan and includes 4950 heads of households. The sample size was estimated to be 562 heads of households based on Cochran's formula and SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The results of Pearson correlation analysis show that there is a significant relationship between age and monthly income and education with satisfaction with the residential complex. However, the results of t-test showed that the satisfaction of the residents of Mehr Zahedan housing complexes with a total average of 79 sub-criteria is lower than the average (2.41). Friedman test was used for the final ranking of indicators and the most important effect is the performance-structural index including accesses and facilities. SAWARA model was used to analyze the most effective indicators affecting the quality of housing according to experts. The most important content indicators are the presence of CCTV cameras and closer proximity to the shopping center. Finally, the results of independent t-test to compare the two residential complexes of Mehr showed that there is no significant difference in terms of satisfaction in Mehr housing in Zahedan.

Zabol is a spatial node of the Sistan area, has been faced with two Phenomena (drought and dust) which greatly reduced life satisfaction and has caused a crisis of ecological resilience. Because the relationship between humans and the environment has been out of balance, tolerance, and adaptation, and the new phenomenon of "erosion of space attachment" has been occurred. This research is applied, descriptive-analytical, survey, with two-stage random sampling. The target population is 15 to19 years old people in Zabol, (432 units); Analysis models include Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Sign test, Kruskal Wallis, Spearman, Cross-tabulation, Cramer's V, Phi, and U Mann-Whitney. Based on 40 years analysis (1966-2005), "maximum average wind speed" with 10.8 knots and the highest frequency of storms with 68% of days with dust above the standard (the year 2010) belongs to Zabol, Therefore, it has increased referrals, hospitalization, and mortality due to respiratory disease. Based on the findings, 64% of young people consider the dust condition of the last 22 years, "bad to terrible". Also, 62% of women and 43% of men consider their comfort and quality of life "bad to terrible". Moreover, 68% of the respondents said that the satisfaction of the family children for living in Zabol is "little to nothing". 44% of respondents have no hope for the future of Helmand River and Hamoon Lake. The significance of these findings was confirmed with an error level of 0.000. The crisis of ecological resilience has led to the "erosion of place attachment" and the negative consequences of socio-psychological damage, Reducing the positive feeling to the place, Reducing the close relationship or investment, reduce the motivation and responsibility to improve the condition of the city, reduce the willingness to participate, monitor and especially reduce the sacrifice for the development of the neighborhood, city, and area.

The prerequisite for the development of development in any society depends on having social support, of which social capital is one that has elements such as social trust, social cohesion, social participation, and social awareness. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate and analyze the impact of social capital components on urban development in Zabol. The present article is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. How to collect information is "survey". The statistical sample of this study using Cochran's formula is 384 citizens over 15 years of age in Zabol who were selected by simple stratified and random sampling. Data analysis and analysis were also performed in Spss software using regression correlation coefficient to test the hypotheses and t-test to measure the items. The findings showed that the relationship between the components of social capital and urban development is confirmed. Also, the results of step-by-step regression analysis indicate that the two variables of social cohesion and social trust remain in the equation and have the highest effect on explaining the dependent variable (urban development). Finally, based on the results of this study, it can be stated that social capital can be a very strong spiritual force for urban development.

Extended Abstract 
Health services land uses are those that if inappropriate location-allocation, they may incur the economic and financial damages and also cause irreparable loss of life. Today, subject of health services is an essential strategy for promoting public health and it is widely regarded as a global solution to improve the quality of life in the world. Medical centers are one of the essential land uses of the city, which are substantial for appropriate accessibility, proper location-allocation and optimal service to the citizens. The increasing of population growth of urban areas has led to enhance the demand for public services, especially health services, and also the need to create these services fairly and on the basis of various environmental, social, economic and physical criteria. Since the establishment of a new health center requires a lot of time and money, this study seeks to analyze and evaluate the location-allocation of health centers by using of qualitative criteria in the city of Bam. It seems that medical centers of Bam also have problems in many cases in terms of location-allocation, which can lead to economic and financial losses and even cause irreparable life damage. Therefore, qualitative assessment of the location-allocation of these centers can improve and promote the efficiency of these centers and reduce their many problems.
 
The present research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in view point of nature and method. The statistical population of the research is specialized and important clinics of Bam city. The qualitative evaluation of the location-allocation of health care centers was evaluated in six main criteria of accessibility, proximity, dependency, capacity, comfort, convenience and safety and 21 indicators. To analyze and evaluate qualitatively the location-allocation of health centers, the WASPAS model has been used to prioritize and determine the desirability of each unit that performs well on complex decision-making issues and the results of it has remarkable accuracy.
 
The results of data analysis showed that the variance of indices related to Baqiyatallah clinic, except for two indices marginal parking and noise caused by traffic congestion has the highest numerical value this indicates that Baqiyatallah clinic is in suitable condition in all indices except for two indices. After Baqiyatallah Clinic, Imam Hossein and Imam Reza Clinic, respectively, have the highest variance in indices for qualitative location-allocation. In these centers, the variance of the various studied indicators in the qualitative location-allocation and prioritization discussion is in appropriate status and has a high numerical value. Based on the six main considered criteria in this study and based on the results, it can be stated that Imam Reza Clinic, only in the neighborhood criteria (residential, green space, educational, office) and dependency criterion on the other criteria and examined indicators in this center, has the least amount of variance, which can be considered as an indication of the inappropriate location-allocation of the center on the two mentioned criteria. Imam Hossein Clinic also in two criteria (indicators of green space, commercial and bank, office and gardens) and the criterion of comfort and convenience (traffic noise indicator) has the least variance or, in other words, it has the worst optimization among the considered indicators. In this regard, the Salc Clinic, Oral Health Center and Imam Khomeini clinic are in the next rank and semi-optimal condition that this is due to the low variance of some indices for these centers. For example, in relation to the Salc clinic, lack of parking, lack of marginal parking and distance from green space have made this center semi-desirable. In the case of the center for Oral Health, distance from the green space and failure to comply with the capacity criterion has made the center semi-desirable. Among all studied health centers, Fakhrabad and Imamzadeh Zid clinics had the least variance in terms of qualitative indices. These centers, due to inadequate proximity to the religious space (neighborhood mosque), playgrounds and other medical centers, less access to the center, distance from 2nd arterial street, closer to the Bam City fault, long distance from the fire station as well as the location of some municipal facilities near them, are in an undesirable situation.
 
The final results of ranking and qualitative evaluation of location-allocation of health centers in Bam in the form of six main criteria of accessibility, proximity, dependency, capacity, comfort, convenience and safety and 21 indicators indicated that the desirability of each unit was different. Baqiyatallah Clinic, Imam Hossein Specialty Clinic and Imam Reza Specialty Clinic, which have been ranked first to third based on desirability and optimality, have the best desirability condition, Salc Clinic, Oral Health Clinic and Imam Khomeini Clinic have semi-desirable condition and Zaydieh Clinic and Fakhrabad Clinic also have undesirable condition.

The housing sector has an important role in economic growth due to its strong relationship with other economic sectors. In the last two decades, the housing sector has faced sharp price fluctuations in urban areas of the country. Housing price instability is the most prominent feature of this sector. The present study evaluates and analyzes the effective components on the uncontrolled increase of urban housing prices in Zahedan. The research method is applied based on the purpose and descriptive-analytical based on the nature and method. Documentary and field survey methods have been used to collect information. The statistical population of the study consists of specialists and experts in the urban area of Zahedan, using the Delphi technique, 20 specialists were selected as a sample. The validity of the researcher-made questionnaire was confirmed by experts in the field and the reliability of the data was calculated by Cronbach's alpha test (0.927). To analyze the data, stepwise regression test and to determine the share of each of the factors affecting housing prices in Zahedan, multi-criteria DEMATEL, SWARA and BWM techniques have been applied. The results of stepwise regression showed that the physical index with beta coefficient of 0.302 had the greatest effect and the environmental index with beta coefficient of 0.118 had the least effect on increasing housing prices in Zahedan. The results of DEMATEL technique showed that the access index with a value of 29.594 has the highest interaction and the environmental index with a value of 28.378 has the lowest interaction. The economic index with a value of 1.926 is the most effective factor and the access index with a value of -3.685 is the most influential factor. The results of SWARA technique showed the status of the indicators affecting the increase of housing prices in Zahedan as follows: economic index with a final weight of 0.238 in the first rank, environmental index with a weight of 0.202 in the second rank, social index with a weight of 0.173 0 in the third rank, administrative index with a weight of 0.149 in the fourth rank, physical index with a weight of 0.128 in the fifth rank and finally access index with a weight of 0.111 in the sixth rank. The results of BWM technique also determined the status of the indicators in the following order: economic index with a value of 0.177 in the first rank, environmental index with a value of 0.176 in the second rank, social index with a value of 0.165 in the third rank, administrative index with a value of 0.164 in the fourth rank, physical index with a value of 0.163 in the fifth rank and finally access index with a value of 0.151 in the sixth rank.

The prerequisite for the development of development in any society depends on having social support, of which social capital is one that has elements such as social trust, social cohesion, social participation, and social awareness. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate and analyze the impact of social capital components on urban development in Zabol. The present article is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. How to collect information is "survey". The statistical sample of this study using Cochran's formula is 384 citizens over 15 years of age in Zabol who were selected by simple stratified and random sampling. Data analysis and analysis were also performed in Spss software using regression correlation coefficient to test the hypotheses and t-test to measure the items. The findings showed that the relationship between the components of social capital and urban development is confirmed. Also, the results of step-by-step regression analysis indicate that the two variables of social cohesion and social trust remain in the equation and have the highest effect on explaining the dependent variable (urban development). Finally, based on the results of this study, it can be stated that social capital can be a very strong spiritual force for urban development.

Islamic city councils are among the most effective elements in the urban management system and enjoy important roles in managing cities. Accordingly, investigating the performance and determining the degree of the success of city councils in urban management enjoy specific importance; therefore, the present study is to investigate and analyze the degree of success and performance of the Islamic City Council of Jiroft in economic, social, environmental, physical, and executive dimensions. The research method was “descriptive-analytical” conducted through the “survey method”. In this research, collecting information was conducted using questionnaire and analyzing data was done through the SPSS software at two descriptive and inferential levels. The results of the research indicated that the performance of city councils in the urban management of Jiroft is from moderate to high level. The results obtained from the Chi-square test also illustrated that the high performance of the Islamic City Council of Jiroft is moderate concerning executive, physical, and environmental dimensions; while it is poor in social dimension, and high in economic dimension.

In today's world, the issue of safety in public spaces, especially urban gardens is of particular importance. Therefore this paper attempts to assess and Measure the safety level of urban gardens the 1th region of Shiraz. This paper is an applied research, the research aims is to evaluate variables and indicators of safety in the city's park. The relevant parameters were assessed and the parks were ranked based on this index. Obtaining information prepared and distributed a questionnaire among a sample of 300 people, by using single-sample Tests as well as Kruskal-Wallis test data and information was used for inferential analysis.The results of the studies indicated that Safety in the Parks Average is 2.95 percent, which is close to the average.And indicators of physical access, legibility design, lighting, physical safety, sense of safety and health safety, respectively with averages3.41, 3.07, 2.89, 2.85, 2.83, 2.64 (according to the normal average 3), respectively, are in a state of moderate to low.Parks: azadi, Besat, khold barin, ghodoosigharbi, kowsar and chamaran with average grade of 274.69, 199.74, 168.17, 139.70, 90.24, 30.46, Respectively ranked from first to sixth in terms of safety indicators studied. Therefore, according to research findings, suggestions such as: Improve lighting conditions in the gardens for nightly use by users, attendance the health services and Remedy and measures to prevent the entry of street addicts and street Stray into gardens, etc To improve the safety of the studied gardens.

Abstract City considered as a complicated and dynamic phenomenon, which always experience changes in physical, social, economic and even political and cultural dimensions over time; as a result, the increasing development of cities faces urban management with challenges due to the lack of resources and time required for responding citizens’ increasing needs. Becoming free of these challenges can be found only in the framework of new solutions. In this arena, strategic planning can be considered as a modern approach in eliminating these challenges. The objective of the present study is to investigate and study strategic planning for spatial development of neighborhood in Zahedan which evaluate sociocultural, economic, and physical dimensions of the city. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the data were collected using documentary, library, and field studies employing the SWOT method. The results of the study indicate that the existence of expansive arid lands that are appropriate but without users in the city considered as the first priority in the spatial development of neighborhoods in Zahedan. Paying attention to server poverty, green spaces, and entertainment centers for spending leisure time in neighborhoods can be important factors in line with the spatial development of neighborhoods in Zahedan City.

In recent decades, Iran's cities, such as other cities of the third world countries have encountered significant transformations and in a short-term period, they have reached the manifold of their primary widths. Zahedan, during its 100 year life, has developed in an unbalanced way and has faced a quick development. The 32.5 time development of its population and 34 time development of its width indicate this issue compared to the first census in such a way that the development of this city has been in the horizontal direction and the continuous development of urban constructions have caused the ugly development of the city. Accordingly, in the present study, the correlation between the population and the amount of development and urban sprawl is investigated in Zahedan city using Shannon's and Holden's Entropy Models and Floor Area Ratio (FAR). The findings of the research indicate that according to Holden's model, Zahedan has been suffering the ugly urban development (sprawl) during the period of conducting the study. The entropy coefficient scores indicate the sprawl of Zahedan. Regarding the development of the value gap due to horizontal development and urban sprawl, theSmart and Compact City model is considered as a desired one for future expansion of Zahedan.

From the ancient times of Iranians, along with making the way to the facilities and facilities of the way to pay attention because travel in these ways without the facilities of the road was not possible. As the roads widened, these facilities also expanded. The size of the territory of Iran, especially during the Achaemenid period, was increased by the importance of the road to link the various parts of the vast land of Iran, along with the buildings (caravansaries) in It was built along the long road for the well-being of travelers, tourists, tourists, merchants and development of Iran. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role and the role of resorts and complexes in the development of tourism in Sistan and Baluchestan province (case study of Imam Reza road and two way path in Zahedan route).The main issue of the research was to answer the question as to whether this complex has been able to respond appropriately to the services required by travelers and to promote tourism in the region. The research methodology, in terms of its purpose, and the data required by using library data And the field has been gathered. The results of the research show that the impact of the services-welfare facilities of this complex on the attraction of tourists as well as on the economy and development of the region can not be considered positive.

In the present age, considering the growth and development of the cities , the urbanism issues and concepts such as city and citizenship have become the most important issues affecting human life in quantitative and qualitative dimensions, Therefore, they are addressing new urban development theories such as the city, with goals such as solving urban problems, improving the quality of life in the city, the efficiency of urban management and city leadership towards the side of more desirability, with respect to local and local values more than before .The purpose of this study was to investigate and evaluate the livability status of the five districts of Zahedan from the citizen's point of view.The nature of this study is descriptive-analytical and is of applied one. Data collection was done using a questionnaire. To determine the sample size, Cochran formula was used and the population of the sample was 400 people. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and regression analysis, T-test, and one-sample T-test and in order to evaluate the viability and ranking of 5 areas in Zahedan, Kruskal-Wallis test was used. The findings show that the income variable with a beta value of 0.322 has the most effect on satisfaction of residents of Zahedan from the indicators of survival. The results of one-sample T test indicate that the overall mean of indices of survival was 2.67 And lower than average. Among the dimensions studied, the social dimension with an average of 3.23 is moderate and has a more favorable situation; however, with regard to the significance level which is higher than 0.05,and from the statistical view is not a meaning relationship And it is not possible to generalize this result to the whole society ", while the economic dimension with an average of" 2.54 " urban challenges with an average of" 2.64 and "urban infrastructure with an average of 2.50 less Are moderate and undesirable. The results of Kruskal-Wallis test show that among the 5 regions of Zahedan, region 1 with an average rating of 243.83, has the highest viability, in contrast, region 4 with an average rating of 137.33, has the least viability in 5th districts of Zahedan city.

The lack of mental security in an urban public environment is a relatively new issue. As the existence of security is necessary, feeling secure is necessary, vital and required to the same extent. Police is responsible to provide the required conditions for increasing feeling secure among citizens of a city. The present study is to investigate the effect of police performance on the degree of feeling secure of citizens of Jiroft. The sample size includes 382 individuals older than 15 years old residing in Jiroft who were selected using cluster sampling. The data were obtained from the survey research and standard and researcher-made questionnaires and different statistical tests. The findings of the present study indicate the moderate to high degree of feeling secure among the citizens of Jiroft. In addition, the results of the study show the direct and significant correlation between police performance (police capabilities, police social activities and police professional behavior) and citizens' feeling secure.

The city and its spaces are a bed for the individual or group activities of citizens who receive various activities. Citizen's activity in urban spaces cause the communications and human interactions and creates the sense of place. On the other hand, the presence of civilians in urban areas will increase its vitality. One of the effective factors for encouraging the citizen's participation in urban areas and increasing their vitality is the sport's furniture in these areas. Hence, the purpose of this study is investigating the role of sport's furniture in increasing the vitality of urban spaces in Norabad city of Mamasani. Type of the research is descriptive– analytical one. The method for gathering data is documentary- surveying and deductive and inductive one. The research results suggest that among the under study indicators and criteria, the greatest effect of sport's furniture on the urban vitality is on the increase of mental- physical health the of people; social interactions and create a sense of belonging to place among the people; and enjoyment of the sport facilities at different times, that their average is 4.27; 4.13 and 4.07. Respectively. T -test results also showed that among the studied components except of the two criteria of diversity of activities in the park and forming different elements of beauty in it and availability of sport facilities and goods and reduce the incidence of diversionary among youth with T values of 1.81 and 0.65, the sport furniture has caused the increase of 11criteria of vitality in urban spaces.

One of the important investigations for urban planners is to identify the level of life quality in the scale of urban neighborhoods and the inequality among them. Nowadays, fair distribution of quality indices -including housing quality, transportation and communications, access to everyday needs, urban facilities, also security and safety in the urban neighborhoods, have been regarded by managers and urban planners. Accordingly, the objective of the present study is to investigate and rank the life quality, from the objective/subjective indices perspective, in surrounding neighborhoods of Zahedan City. The statistics population of the study consists of the Zahedan citizens older than 18 years old, among which 400 participants were selected for the sample, using random sampling and Cochrane's formula. The method employed in the study is descriptive-analytical and the data collection method is survey study. Data obtained via questionnaires were analyzed by Entropy weighting method, and using VIKOR model. The findings of the research indicate relatively high inequality in life quality, among 19 surrounding neighborhoods of Zahedan, in such a way that 8 neighborhoods (11-5, 10-5, 6-1, 9-5, 11-2, 1-2, 5-1, 10-1) are in a ultrahigh-developed state, 1 neighborhood (1-3) in a upper-moderate developed state, 3 neighborhoods (11-3, 6-3, 7-5) are in a moderate developed state, 3 neighborhoods (8-4, 6-5, 4-4) are in a lower-moderate developed state, and 4 neighborhoods (5-5, 6-4, 5-4, 11-4) are in a ultralow-developed state. Accordingly, it is necessary that during a short-term plan, ultralow-developed and lower-moderate developed neighborhoods be considered. In the next phase, moderately developed neighborhoods and upper-moderate developed and ultrahigh-developed neighborhoods should be planned and spatially developed.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of urban services indicators on life quality of citizens in the distressed area of zahedan city. The population of the study included citizens aged above 18 years old in the distressed area of Zahedan City who were selected using the stratified random sampling method, and employing Cochran formula, 390 participants were selected as the sample size. The data collected from the survey method and a standardized researcher-method questionnaire confirmed its reliability with Cronbach's alpha coefficient as =α0.94. To test hypotheses and analyzing data, descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient were used. In addition, for weighting data, the AHP method and for analyzing accessibilities, the Network Analysis and fuzzy function were used. Findings of the research indicate that Zahedan City has not acted successfully in terms of providing urban services for citizens because most of the distressed area have mean scores lower than the moderate level and the mean scores of residents’ satisfaction with life quality in terms of indicators of accessibility to urban services is as 2.41, and the mean scores of residents’ satisfaction with subjective indictors of life quality is as 2.38 which indicates residents’ dissatisfaction with mentioned indicators. In addition, comparing subjective and objective indicators of accessibility to urban services indicate that the final score for objective indicators is 0.11 which is higher than the final indicator of subjective indicators as 0.07 for life quality in the urban distressed in Zahedan City.