فهرست مطالب زهرا عازم نیا

One of the issues that has attracted a lot of attention today is the discussion of well-being and vitality in the educational environment. Because experts believe that relationships in the educational environment so that students feel alive and valuable, play a very vital role in promoting desirable social behaviors and their success. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of academic vitality education on the social desirability and social adjustment of secondary school students..

The research design was semi-experimental and pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of secondary school students of Ahar city in the academic year 1401-1400, from this population, 40 students were randomly selected and placed in 2 experimental (20 people) and control (20 people) groups. The students of the experimental group were subjected to academic vitality training for 12 sessions and did not receive any training in contrast to the control group. To collect data, social desirability questionnaires of Crown and Marlow (1998) and social compatibility questionnaires of Sinha and Singh (2001) were used. Data analysis was also done with the statistical method of multivariate covariance analysis.

The average scores of social desirability and social compatibility in the post-test in the experimental group were 15.05 (1.27) and 23.15 (2.62), respectively. The results showed; Academic vitality education has an effect on the social desirability and social adaptation of students and increases their social desirability and social adaptation (P≤0.01).

The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of Adlerian and emotion-oriented intervention on the intimacy of women with marital conflict. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test, and a control group, besides a 3-month follow-up phase. The statistical population consisted of all the women with marital conflicts who came to counseling centers and psychological services in the 12th</sup> district of Tehran in 2021. In the first step, using the available sampling method, 60 women with a score higher than 111 in the conflict questionnaire were selected. After that, they were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (20 people in the Adlerian intervention group and 20 people in the emotion-oriented therapy group) and a control group (20 people). The first experimental group underwent ten 90-minute sessions of Adlerian intervention and the second experimental group underwent ten 90-minute sessions of emotional therapy, but the control group did not receive any intervention. In order to collect the required data, MCQ marital conflicts questionnaires of Sanai Zakir and et al. (2017) and MIS marital intimacy scale of Thompson and Walker (1983) were used. The results using analysis of variance, repeated measurement, and Ben-Froni's post hoc test illustrated that each mentioned treatment had a significant effect on increasing intimacy in the post-test and follow-up phase compared to the control group (P<0.05). In addition, based on Ben-Ferroni's post hoc test, emotion-oriented therapy is more effective in increasing marital intimacy (P<0.05).

Mindfulness-based interventions are considered as one of the cognitive-behavioral therapies that reduce the psychological stress resulting from diseases such as high blood pressure in patients. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction training on tolerating helplessness, failure and anger control in women with high blood pressure.

This study was quasi-experimental with pre-test design, post-test with control group. 30 women with hypertension were selected and randomly divided into a experimental group and a control (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group). The experimental group received 8 sessions of 120 minutes of mindfulness-based stress reduction training, but the control group did not receive any intervention. The Simmons and Gaher (2005) Helplessness Tolerance, the Harrington Failure Tolerance (2005), the Spielberger Anger Control (1996-1999) questionnaires were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance via SPSS-28 software.

The results showed that mindfulness-based stress reduction methods were able to increase the rate of helplessness tolerance, failure tolerance and anger control in women with high blood pressure (p<0.05).

In overall, the results showed that mindfulness-based stress reduction methods can be used as a treatment to reduce the problems of patients with hypertension, especially women in counseling centers and hospitals.

Conflict is one of the main factors of inefficiency and psychopathology in families. Resilience is one of the skills that can help couples to increase compatibility and solve problems. Therefore, the present study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of Adlerian and emotion-focused therapy on the resilience of women with marital conflict.

The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretestposttest by the control group, and a 3-month follow-up. The first experimental group received 10 90-minute sessions of Adlerian intervention and the second experimental group received 10 90-minute sessions of emotion-focused therapy, but the control group did not receive any intervention. To collect data, the questionnaires of Sanai Zaker et al.’s marital conflicts (2008) and the resilience scale of Connor and Davidson (2003) were used. Data analysis was done using ANOVA with repeated measures and Bonferroni’s post hoc test using SPSS 24 software .

Demographic studies on 60 samples showed; the F statistic obtained from the comparison of the frequencies of the three groups in the age variable (F=0.374) was not statistically significant (p>0.689) and this result indicated that the three groups were equal in terms of age. The results showed that both the mentioned treatments in the post-test and follow-up stage compared to the control group had significant effectiveness on resilience increase at the statistical power level of 0.999 (p-value=0.001). In addition, the results of Bonferroni’s post hoc test showed that Adlerian intervention was more effective in increasing resilience at the same level of statistical power of 0.999 (p-value=0.001).

Adlerian intervention by emphasizing gaining insight leads to changing the behavior of women with marital conflicts. this change includes simple behaviors resulting from observational learning, imitations, and complex behaviors such as lifestyle. So, the application of Adlerian intervention can increase the resilience of women with marital conflicts by increasing cooperation and transforming the unreconciled methods.