سید محمود زنجیرچی

The spread of e-learning in Iranian universities and higher education institutions over the past years has provided new opportunities for Iranian higher education. One such opportunity is the possibility of extensive interactions between students and universities through e-learning systems and value co-creation opportunities. This study attempts to investigate the relationship between a university's e-learning system, students' co-creation behavior and university's brand image and reputation. For this purpose, the questionnaire tool and the structural equation modeling approach were deployed to study these relationships at Arak University. The questionnaire of this research was developed based on the literature review and after conducting the pre-test and confirming the validity and reliability of the instrument, it was investigated at Arak University. For this purpose, 380 sample questionnaires were collected. The data was analyzed using Smart PLS 3.3 software. The results indicated that the e-learning system features and its applications affect the students' value co-creation behavior. The results also confirmed the effect of students' co-creation behavior on the university's brand image and reputation. In addition, the results revealed that investing in university e-learning and other communication systems and improving their performance and characteristics, can improve the level of students' interactions with the university. These increasing interactions will also lead to the development of the university brand image through the value co-creation behavior and, as a result, in the long term, promote the university ranking level.

This study examines the factors affecting the model that is presented for the competitiveness of selected knowledge-based companies in the fourth industrial revolution. 23 components were identified and categorized into six factors: causal, contextual, intervening, central phenomenon, strategies and measures, and consequences. Using these components, a questionnaire was designed to determine the current status of selected knowledge-based companies in Iran, and a total of 127 completed questionnaires were collected from 197 knowledge-based manufacturing companies of the first type in the field of electricity and electronics, laser and photonics in the country. was done to examine the current state of the model components. The data was analyzed with SPSS and PLS software. In the analysis carried out, the coefficients of factor loadings of the components are more than 0.4, which shows the appropriateness of this model. Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability is more than 0.7, which indicates the appropriate reliability of the model. Construct validity, convergent validity and divergent validity also had favorable results. The results showed that all the components in the presented model for the competitiveness of selected knowledge-based companies in the fourth industrial revolution played a role, and the current state of all factors except the causal factor, which is in an average state, are in a favorable state.

The business cluster development model is a new method that has been used in the last two decades to develop and empower small and medium enterprises. Many countries, both developed and developing, have taken advantage of this development model to achieve regional development goals and improve the quality and quantity of their advantageous businesses located in a geographical area. In this research, the factors influencing the performance of business cluster development in Iran have been investigated using theme analysis and fuzzy cognitive map techniques. The data was collected using open interview tools and questionnaires. The present research encompasses the period from 2018 to 2021 and focuses on Iran, specifically examining all provinces where business cluster development plans have been enacted. Based on the model obtained from the fuzzy cognitive map method, the most important factor that affects the performance of business cluster development initiatives is financing of the plans and projects. On the other hand, the most crucial factor for effectiveness is the augmentation of collaborative efforts. Finally, based on the identification of the most important affected and influencing factors, backward and forward scenarios related to the performance of business cluster development plans were examined.

Today, with regard to preserving the environment and generating sustainable income, the closed-loop supply chain is at the center of attention as a means to reuse products. However, utilizing knowledge management in these chains without modern technologies such as blockchain is challenging. For this purpose, knowledge blockchains have been developed to enhance these capabilities. On the other hand, knowledge-based companies in the country, if they can harness the benefits of knowledge blockchains in their closed-loop supply chain structure, will be able to gain many advantages. This research has been conducted as an innovative effort to integrate knowledge management with the modern technology of knowledge blockchains in the closed-loop supply chain of knowledge-based companies. The objective of this research is to improve the performance and efficiency of these companies in knowledge management and the utilization of knowledge blockchains in the field of the closed-loop supply chain. To achieve this goal, first, by reviewing the research background, 10 factors influencing this research were identified. Subsequently, to validate the impact of these factors on the implementation of knowledge blockchains in the supply chain of knowledge-based companies, a One sample t test was employed. By confirming the influence of 10 significant factors and utilizing data from 14 knowledge-based companies situated in Yazd Science and Technology Park and collecting 83 questionnaires, the current status of knowledge-based companies in implementing blockchains in their closed-loop supply chain was identified using the fuzzy cognitive map technique. Based on the developed system structure, backward and forward scenarios were designed. The research findings indicate that the cooperation factor exerts the greatest influence on the behavior of other research factors. Among other results of the research, we can highlight the significant role of the reliability and security assurance factor compared to the interoperability factor.

Due to the increase in competitive pressure and the development and advancement of technology, manufacturing companies today consider Industry 4.0 a fundamental and crucial issue for enhancing performance, as well as for maintaining and improving their competitive position. The purpose of this research is to investigate how knowledge management and its influencing factors affect the implementation of Industry 4.0 in the home appliance industry.
This research is applied in terms of purpose and utilizes a survey for data collection. In order to conduct the current research, 13 factors were initially identified by reviewing the research background. Using the interpretative structural modeling technique, the relationship between the identified factors was determined. Based on this analysis, the conceptual model of this research was presented. In the following study, the fit of the conceptual model was measured and investigated using the structural equation modeling approach and Smart PLS software. In this research, a questionnaire was used to collect data. In order to align with the developed conceptual model, a questionnaire comprising 42 questions was designed based on the research background. It was then distributed to experts, managers, and employees in the household appliances industry using a sampling method. According to the structural equation modeling approach, the required sample size in this research is determined by the relationship 5q<n<15q. In this formula, q represents the number of questionnaire questions, and n represents the sample size. According to the 42 designed questions, 250 questionnaires were distributed, out of which 217 were returned.
The results of this research showed that organizational culture, leadership, organizational innovation, organizational structure, absorption capacity, teamwork, financial resources, compatibility of information systems, flexibility of employees, vision and strategy, performance evaluation, and providing feedback. Education and Industry 4.0 technologies have been identified as effective factors in knowledge management for the implementation of Industry 4.0 in the home appliance industry of the country. The results of this research indicate that the factors influencing knowledge management in the implementation of Industry 4.0 are categorized into eight levels. Organizational culture and leadership are identified as crucial variables and form the basis of the conceptual model essential for establishing Industry 4.0 in the home appliance industry. The results of this research revealed that the variables of financial resources are at the seventh level, teamwork, organizational structure, and training at the sixth level, absorption capacity and vision and strategy at the fifth level, Industry 4.0 technologies at the fourth level, performance evaluation and providing feedback at the third level, flexibility of employees at the second level, and innovation and adaptability of information systems are placed at the first level.
The results of this study can facilitate the implementation of Industry 4.0 in the home appliance industries of the country and encourage home appliance industry managers to utilize knowledge management in Industry 4.0 more effectively.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of Industry 4.0 by identifying and improving the achievements of Industry 4.0 in the quality of products and services provided in the country's home appliance industry. In order to conduct the present research, nine achievements of Industry 4.0 in the quality of products and services provided were identified using research literature. The statistical population of this research is managers, employees, and vice presidents of companies active in the field of household appliances all over the country, 72 of whom were selected by purposive sampling. Using the fuzzy cognitive map, the current status of each of the identified achievements was investigated. This research, by designing a backward scenario, has shown what achievements should be improved in order to reduce waste and production costs. Also, , by compiling and designing a forward-looking scenario, seeks to find out what achievements will be made in order to improve the quality of products and services in the country's home appliance industry, if the costs of waste and production are reduced.

To compete in the global environment, the simultaneous use of four lean, agile, resilient, and green paradigms that each one has its advantages for supply chain management, can lead to competitive advantage for organizations. However, due to the shared and conflicting aspects of these paradigms, the simultaneous integration of their actions (indicators) in the supply chain processes will create considerable management challenges in this area. Although this issue has received attention in some studies, there are still research gaps that can be traced. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the causal relationships between a set of indicators as a basis for appropriate planning and their phased implementation. The present study is descriptive-survey and also practical in terms of purpose. The research community are experts and managers of the Iran-Yazd alloy steel industry in relevant research fields in the years 2021-2020, and among them, experts were selected by purposive judgmental sampling for this research.The data collection tool consists of two self-made questionnaires. The first questionnaire was used to confirm the indicators and the second questionnaire (hierarchical DEMATEL method questionnaire) was used to determine the causal relationships between the indicators. The content validity approach was also used to examine the validity of the data collection tool. To complete the hierarchical DEMATEL questionnaire, experts were asked to complete comparison tables for each category and also the indicators of each category based on the intensity of the effect of each factor, in pairs and based on a 5-point Likert scale. For data analysis, the hierarchical DEMATEL technique was used, which is an extended method of classic DEMATEL, that by considering the hierarchical structure among factors, it reduces the number of pairwise comparisons in problems with a large number of factors. In this technique, comparison tables are integrated and a super matrix of direct impact is obtained, which forms the basis of analyzes. At first, the lean, agile, resilient and green indicators were identified through a background review and were categorized based on the categories in previous researches. Then, the causal relationships between this indicators were investigated using the hierarchical DEMATEL method. The results show that the "knowledge and technology" dimension indicators were the most influential indicators and the "Comptency" dimension indicators were the most under influence indicators. Based on the research results, the "technology inclusion in strategy" indicator is the most important and influential indicator and "customer satisfaction" is the most under influence indicator. In terms of importance, after technology inclusion in strategy indicator, supplier management and collaboration with them indicator is ranked second. Also in terms of impact, the green information technology indicator has ranked second, which, in addition to emphasizing the importance of attention to information technology, also demonstrates the importance of considering environmental considerations. Customer satisfaction is the most influential indicator in the set of LARG supply chain indicators and be affected from many other indicators. It is also ranked seventh in terms of importance. After that, the presentation of new products and product quality, in terms of be affected from the others have subsequent ranks Determining causal relationships between the indicators of the LARG supply chain helps managers allocate their limited financial, temporal, and human resources to implement high-priority indicators, taking into account the shares and conflicts present in the principles and performance of these four paradigms, and have proper planning to implement other indicators. Moreover, utilizing the new technique of DEMATEL hierarchy can lead to more familiarity among researchers with this method for analyzing causal relationships among factors in issues with multiple factors.Keywords: Supply Chain Management Paradigms, LARG Supply Chains, Competitive Advantage Gaining, Hierarchical DEMATEL Method (H- DEMATEL), Determining Causal Relationships, Steel Industry

Working on Customer Relationship Management (CRM) has an enormous impact on the activities in the tourism industry. But the success rate in CRM system implementation is too low, and failure has been seen in more than 70% of these projects. The purpose of this study is to provide a model for the successful implementation of a customer relationship management system in the tourism industry. This applied research is exploratory in nature and uses the grounded theory approach to study 35 tourism companies over a year. CRM project managers in these organizations participated in interviews, and their documents have been observed and analyzed. The results showed that successful CRM implementation in the tourism industry requires management support, organizational culture and belonging, and appropriate corporate literacy. Information Technology (IT) infrastructure and budget constraints are barriers to the deployment project. Integrating organization processes, training managers and staff, encouraging and punishing employees, strategic alignment, providing the technical infrastructure, providing sufficient customer recognition, and suitable budget development were identified as the prescriptive actions (or strategies) for successful implementation of CRM systems.

The factors used in the foresight of any system vary from country to country, society, culture, politics and even time. Identifying and planning for influential factors in any industry is of particular importance. By identifying influential indicators, planners and policymakers determine which indicators are prioritized. Also, to move towards the main goal of organizations, identifying these indicators will help policymakers and planners to invest and optimize the most important indicators.The main purpose of this study is to identify the political factors affecting the future of the rail transport system in the freight sector. In this research, the identification of political factors of the rail transportation system in the freight sector has been done using a combination of library, field and Delphi studies and Micmac software has been used in the analysis. The three stages of this research have sought to present the most important political factors affecting the future of rail transportation in Iran. In the first step, all factors were identified. In the second stage, using the Delphi method, a consensus was reached in three consecutive periods, and in the third stage, using Micmac software, eleven factors in three categories were presented as the most important drivers for the future of the rail freight transportation system.
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Today, computer equipment is one of the most important assets of any organization, and its maintenance is very important. Considering that process management is one of the ways to investigate the current situation of the organization and pave the way for its improvement and modification, the present study aimed to manage the maintenance processes of computer systems at the Yazd University, which were carried out with a multilateral view. It has tried to identify gaps and deficiencies in the process of maintenance of these equipment. For this purpose, first, the university's IT department was compared with other similar organizations and the processes related to the maintenance and repair of computer equipment were documented. Then, the nine-month data on equipment failure reporting was extracted to inform the process of failures, to investigate the relationships between them, as well as to help re-engineer the processes. The data was analyzed using data analysis techniques. Finally, considering the existing problems and also the framework for classification of the maintenance processes of the educational unit, practical solutions appropriate to the university conditions are determined through surveys of experts and analytical hierarchy process (AHP).

Abstract The main goal of this research is identifing the factors influencing the future of the rail transportation system in the freight sector. In this research, identifing the factors for the rail transportation system in the freight sector using a combination of library and developmental purpose, PESTEL model, Delphi method and SMART PLS software has been used in the analysis. The three stages of this research seek to present the most important factors affecting the future of rail freight in Iran. In the first stage, all factors were identified. In the second stage, consensus was reached using the Delphi method in three consecutive periods.In the third stage, based on the opinion of experts and the use of smartPLS software, out of 168 factors identified, 76 factors are considered more important as the main effective factors in Iran's 50-year foresight which were classified into 8 main categories. Identifying and planning for the factors that affect this industry is of particular importance. By identifying indicators, planners and policymakers will determine which indicators we are important. The indicators also warn policymakers and planners if we want to move towards total goal, which indicators should we turn into the optimal indicator.

The purpose of this study was to design an empowerment path for Yazd University to create a map in the innovation ecosystem of Yazd province. The research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of data collection method is mixed. The statistical population of the study consisted of all faculty members of Yazd University in 2020, from which 10 people were selected as experts to participate in symposiums by judgmental sampling method. Also, 10 people were selected as the respondents to the questionnaire by snowball method. The research method is qualitative in the content analysis section and quantitative in the explanation of causal relations with fuzzy cognitive map method. The results showed that political and legal factors, human capital, leadership style and university management، available financial resources, cultural and social factors, technology، market management, communication management, ability to develop individual factors، educational and research system Governing, strategic management and information systems are the enablers of Yazd University to create a role in the innovation ecosystem of Yazd province. Also, the findings of the study of causal relationships between empowerment factors revealed that among the twelve factors affecting the empowerment of Yazd University to create a role in the innovation ecosystem of Yazd, communication management, technology, human capital, information systems and market management are the most influential empowering factors.

The k-nearest neighbor's algorithm (KNN) is one of the most widely used and useful nonparametric classification algorithms. The classification mechanism of this algorithm involves computing the distance between new instances and the instances whole classes are known. When the dataset contains non-numerical (ordinal and nominal) attributes, the performance of the algorithm can be significantly affected by how this distance is measured. In this paper, we attempt to improve the performance of the KNN algorithm by presenting a new solution for computing the distance of non-numerical traits. For this purpose, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is used. The task of this algorithm is to determine the best value of the distance between two states in a non-integer trait so that the accuracy of the KNN algorithm is increased. UCI University Learning Repository Data is used to test this idea. The results obtained from the proposed algorithm are compared with several other improved algorithms and show the useful improvement of this mechanism.

To reach sustainable development, economical, social, and environmental elements need to be taken into account. Industrial activities as activities which has distinctive impacts on all parts of development need to be studied more than before. The aim of this study was to present a strategic model of sustainable industrial development in Yazd province. In order to achieve the objectives of the research by using two methods of Unplanned targeted sampling and snowball sampling, the opinions of 15 managers and organizational policymakers of Yazd Industrial Towns (Industrial Experts) were used. The process of conducting this research includes three steps: a) Identifying sustainable industrial development strategies in Yazd province through in-depth interviews with experts; b) Screening identified strategies using fuzzy Delphi technique. C) Presenting a strategic model of sustainable industrial development in Yazd province, using the DEMATEL-ISM method. The results showed that the model of sustainable development strategy in Yazd province has 4 different levels with "studying to recognize global markets for Yazd's goods and services and providing countries guide leaflets" as the highest level which is the underlying element of the model. So, sustainable development in Yazd needs to set out using the mention strategy so that it lays the groundwork for implementing the fifteen higher-order strategies.

The current study aims to provide a data mining approach to customer-oriented development of new products with a focus on one type of fertilizer. The problem considered in this study was due to the high volume and variety of customer demand on the one hand and the limitation of agricultural cooperatives in the variety of available fertilizers on the other hand. Accordingly, the data related to the real needs and priorities of customers in terms of fertilizer type, price, and purchase time were collected using survey tools firstly, and then analyzed based on the CRISP algorithm in data mining. In the first step of data analysis and in order to develop customer-oriented new products, the clustering method was used and thus the variety of fertilizers introduced by customers was reduced from 37 to 5; In a way, the features of the new products were very close to the needs of most customers. Then, using the decision tree method, the desired quality forecast was done for each new product in different time periods and based on, the supply and production pattern of products was provided according to the desire and demand of customers in each season. In general, and according to the results obtained, it can be said that the use of data mining can be useful in the development of new products in a customer-oriented way and this approach is able to respond to issues such as data diversity management as well as customer-centric supply chain management planning.

Organizational capabilities are considered as the source of an organization's achievement of competence and the achievement of competitive advantage and maintaining the survival of an organization in a complex and turbulent environment of competition. There are many definitions of this concept, and there are different interpretations of it, which has led to the complexity and ambiguity of managers and people who are concerned with managing organizational capabilities. To manage these capabilities, the first step is to identify and extract the organizational capabilities model. Because the resources and potentials of each organization are unique, the capabilities of each organization are unique. The OODA cycle is a model that has been developed to explain the natural phenomenon of how information, thought, and decision making are processed in humans. This cycle also shows how individuals and organizations learn and therefore how they adapt to their surroundings or cannot adapt. In this paper, by introducing the existing perspectives on the concept of organizational capabilities, the application of a comprehensive model of organizational capabilities (which is based on the abstraction of existing models of applied studies in governmental and non-governmental production and service organizations, using a metha-synthesis method) using The AHP method is presented as an OODA cycle emulator.

Due to the complexity of the socio - economic environment, there is always doubt about those issues. In this regard, intuitionistic fuzzy sets used as a powerful tool in describing the ambiguous and imprecise information considering the membership and non-membership degrees. According the importance of intuitionistic fuzzy sets, in this study, it has been tried to determine bank liquidity supply factors in order to reduce liquidity risk and its management in the Tejatat bank. So, all factors affecting the decision of customers to deposit and receive loans are identified, and in the intuitionistic environment, the importance of each factor was extracted. The study population consisted of all managers, deputies and experts active in the management units of the Iran's Tejarat bank.  to achieve study goal, first using content analysis method, the factors affecting customers ' participation in bank liquidity were identified and then the importance of each factor was extracted by using multi - attribute decision making in intuitionistic fuzzy environment. the results indicate that among the factors affecting customers, decision to deposit in the bank, Social Deposits Profit Rate, community index, customer experience, speed and accuracy in service delivery and employee engagement with customers are placed in first and fifth priorities. Also, among the factors affecting customers' decision to receive loans and facilities from the Tejarat bank, the number of bounced checks, customer income, customer experience, and customer ownership status and installment value were considered the most important factors.

Given the limitations of the existing performance evaluation models for organizations with dynamic internal and external conditions, this study aims to provide a flexible performance evaluation model with adaptability to intra- and extra-organizational changes. The present study first forms a database of criteria related to banking activities. After gathering the experts' opinions, we select 25 general concepts. By using a Fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) and weighted by the Fuzzy Analytic Network Process (FANP), we identify nine effective criteria. Creating organizational justice for all colleagues, meeting customer needs as soon as possible, emphasizing proper employee ethics with the customer, and doing research and developing for products and services are the most important criteria. The results show that the proposed flexible model can be used as a tool to extract performance evaluation criteria in accordance with the organization's requirements and utilized in the performance appraisal process. The novelties of the present study are updating the existing criteria in the database based on the results of evaluations and management decisions and changing strategies, using this model to select appropriate criteria in each period of performance evaluation based on organizational conditions.

In recent years, the banking industry has witnessed great changes in the field of competition, which has led to the rise of market share and the attraction of customer concern to many of the managers in the banking industry. In the same vein, banks are always struggling to achieve a desirable position by utilizing new approaches to marketing in a competitive environment. Due to this importance, in the present study, in order to develop the integrated marketing communications program, the IMC's influence on the decision of customers of the Tejarat Bank of Iran, the marketing scenarios based on integrated communication tools were extracted and evaluated. Therefore, an integrated and innovative agent based modeling approach and Taguchi method were used to implement the developed scenarios by Taguchi experiments in the model-based and operating-centered simulation space and By analyzing the results by Taguchi method, the most favorable marketing scenario is presented in accordance with the behavior of the customers of the Bank of Commerce. Analysis of the results from the implementation of scenarios showed that among the five marketing tools available in the IMC program, the level of direct marketing impact is greater than other tools, and digital marketing, sales promotion, sales and promotions are further affected. Also, the results of analysis of variance showed that direct marketing factor with 43.331 percent of participation rate is more effective than other factors in attracting bank customers. Also, personal sales, digital marketing, sales promotion and promotions are 15.35%, 14.5%, 14.75%, and 814/12%, respectively. As the final output of the research, the main effects of each marketing tool have led to the identification of the appropriate level of each instrument and the provision of the most favorable IMC-based marketing scenario.

Today in the industry, supervisors play a critical role in helping organizations and causes to the change of the world, well-directed and to achieve their desired objectives. Iran is one of the largest oil and gas producer countries, and oil, gas and petroleum products in the country is excellent. In oil and gas companies, supervisors as a liaison between management and employees, have a prominent role in the achieving mission and goals of the Company's oil and gas production. In this study, we tried to consider safety competency model, and identify the components of the model in terms of the importance of the oil and gas industry and rank the most important components in the institutionalization of a culture of safety. It should be noted that in this study, to analyze data, theory prospect is used. According to the results of the application of the fuzzy prospect theory, judgment and decision-making criteria for supervisors ranked as first priority and team working and communication were in the second and third priorities.

The aim of this study was to identify and provide a comprehensive model of factors affecting open innovation in Yazd university, using the Interpretive Structural Modeling. The current research is applied and the data collection method is survey (questionnaire tool). The research population consisted of all faculty members of Yazd University and Sample members were selected using judgment sampling and snowball method. Following the formation of a panel of academic experts and the study of literature related to the topic, a series of factors influencing the success of innovation was extracted and after refinement, a comprehensive model of factors was presented with Interpretive Structural Modeling approach. The results showed that the benefit from the creativity of staff, presented research findings to the external environment, the development of relations between industry and academia, foreign R & D units, the presence of creative space, externalization process knowledge and investment in R & D in level one, appropriate personnel, appropriate infrastructure and IT, workforce worthy in the second and third levels and in fourth level of model leadership style is placed as underpinning the model of open innovation and affect other factors quality.

The phenomenon of global warming provoked green approach among top managers. Environmental problems caused by human activities have stimulated measures to prevent further damages to the environment; the green approach is among the most important ones. Today, the importance of green management, apart from its benefits in preserving and protecting the environment, is considered as a competitive advantage for organizations that are concerned with improving their name and position. In this regard, the evaluation of green management measures as the primary step in this process has attracted the attention of many researchers. In this research, we intend to provide an appropriate prioritization of these measures, using a survey approach and a combination of ANP and ARAS decision-making techniques. First, the relevant dimensions and indicators were identified by a thorough study of the research literature. Subsequently, with the help of experts, relevant questionnaires were prepared and applied. By collecting data and performing the analysis with the help of the above two techniques, the optimization of water and energy consumption was selected as the best alternative.

In recent years, the focus of many organizations is rapt to achieve superior performance as a competitive advantage, and managers are striving to encourage the organization in order to improve their performance. Due to this important issue, in this study the initially regarding the role of information in the effectiveness of supply chain strategies performance and also considering the role of supply chain strategies in improving supply chain performance and consequently the performance of the organization, the conceptual model was designed. The data needed to test the conceptual model by using standard questionnaires were collected which the content validity by experts and its reliability by calculating the Cronbach's alpha was approved. The questionnaire were distributed Between 135 members of the ceramic & tile industry executives in Yazd and the collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling with LISREL software version 8.2.The results of the analysis of the data showed that the significant level between all the variables was greater than (1/96) which indicates that the relationship between them in the level of confidence (95%) is significant. Besides, the path coefficient shows the intensity impact of the independent variable on the dependent one so that, all hypotheses were confirmed.