صابر کرمی

Examining the traumatic experiences and personality characteristics of cosmetic surgery applicants is particularly important in explaining their psychological problems. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between childhood trauma experience with anxiety symptoms and body dysmorphic disorder in cosmetic surgery applicants with the mediating role of rejection sensitivity.

The present research was correlation based on structural equations. The statistical population of the research included all women referring to cosmetic surgery clinics in Tehran. Considering the criteria of inclusion and exclusion, 210 people were selected by convenience sampling method. The research tools are: Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Body Dysmorphic Disorder questionnaire, and Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire. Pearson correlation, structural equation modeling and SPSS and AMOS version 23 software were used for data analysis.

The results showed that the direct path coefficients of childhood trauma experience on anxiety symptoms (β=0.318 and P=0.001) and sensitivity to rejection (β=0.510 and P=0.001) were positively significant, but the path of childhood trauma experience on body dysmorphic disorder was not significant. Also, the direct path coefficients of rejection sensitivity on anxiety symptoms (β=0.464 and P=0.001) and body dysmorphic disorder (β=0.464 and P=0.001) were positively significant. In addition to sensitivity to rejection, it had a mediating role in the relationship between childhood trauma experience and anxiety symptoms and body dysmorphic disorder.

Based on the findings of the research, it can be concluded that targeted interventions that are used to reduce the sensitivity to rejection can probably be effective in improving the psychological problems and attitudes of cosmetic surgery applicants.

People who have experienced childhood trauma are at high risk of developing complex psychiatric disorders. For this reason, it is necessary to identify and treat effective mechanisms between traumatic experiences and psychiatric problems; therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of investigating The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Alexithymia, Experiential Avoidance and Self-Compassion in Adults with Childhood Trauma Experience.

The current study was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. Among the people who experienced childhood trauma and referred to clinics and counseling centers in Tehran, 30 people were selected using convenience sampling method and randomly replaced in two experimental groups and a control group (15 people). The experimental group received 8 sessions of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, but the control group did not receive any specific intervention. The research tools were: Bernstein et al.'s Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (2003), Bagby et al.'s Toronto Alexithymia Scale (1994), Bond et al.'s Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (2011), Neff's Self-Compassion Scale (2003). Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance test.

The mean post-test scores of alexithymia and experiential avoidance in the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group. Also, the mean scores of the self-compassion post-test in the experimental group were significantly higher than the control group. The results indicate a significant effect of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness in reducing alexithymia (F=70.247, P=0.001), experiential avoidance (F=74.364, P=0.001) and increasing self-compassion. (F=14.569, P=0.001) in people with childhood trauma experience.

The findings of this study, in line with the background of the research, showed the effectiveness of this treatment approach on the psychological components of adults with childhood trauma experience, although additional studies in this field are suggested.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of group art therapy on aggression and social adjustment of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The research method was a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population of the study included90 children aged 8-12 years with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder who referred to one of the behavioral disorders centers in Tehran in the first six months of 2019. Among them, 30 people (21 boys and 9 girls) were selected as the research sample by purposive sampling method and assigned to two experimental and control groups in the same ratio. The people of the experimental group received the art therapy program (visual arts) in 10 sessions of 90 minutes (two sessions per week) as a group, the control group was placed on the waiting list. Aggression (Shahim, 1385) and social compatibility (Sinha & Singh, 1993) questionnaires were used to collect information. The results of the multivariate covariance analysis showed that by controlling the pre-test effect, there was a significant difference between the average post-test scores of the experimental and control groups in the variables of aggression and social adaptability (P<0.001). In general, according to the results of this research, it can be said that group art therapy was effective in reducing aggression and increasing social adjustment of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

The understanding of the psychological characteristics of cosmetic surgery applicants can help in various programs to prevent and treat the psychological problems of these patients. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of cognitive regulation of emotion, mindfulness and cognitive fusion in predicting body image concern in women applying for cosmetic surgery.

The method of this research is descriptive-correlation. The statistical population included all women referred to cosmetic surgery clinics in Tehran in 1401, and 210 of them were selected by available sampling method. And they responded to the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (BICI), Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI), and the Cognitive Fusion Scale (CFS). After collecting the questionnaires, the collected data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis simultaneously. After collecting the questionnaires, the collected data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis simultaneously.

The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between maladaptive emotion cognitive regulation strategies and cognitive fusion with body image concern (P<0.01). There is a negative and significant relationship between adaptive emotion cognitive regulation strategies and mindfulness with concern about body image (P<0.01). The results of multiple regression analysis also revealed that 75/1 of the variance of body image concern is explained by the cognitive regulation of emotion, mindfulness and cognitive fusion.

In general, it can be concluded that the cognitive regulation of emotion, mindfulness and cognitive fusion play a special role in worrying about body image in women applying for cosmetic surgery. Therefore, it is suggested that treatment centers and hospitals pay special attention to treatments based on emotion regulation, treatments based on mindfulness, and treatments based on acceptance and commitment in women applying for cosmetic surgery, because this Therapeutic interventions reduce psychological problems such as depression, obsession, anxiety and stress, and this in turn can lead to an improvement in body image in women applying for cosmetic surgery.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a short-term solution-oriented approach on the coping styles and mental vitality of gifted students. The method of this research was quasi-experimental and the research design was pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population of the study included all gifted ninth-grade female students in Urmia in the first six months of the 2019-2020 academic year. The mental vitality questionnaire was distributed among them and 30 people who scored lower on this test than the others were selected by voluntary purposive method and randomly divided into two equal groups (each group of 15 people). The experimental group received solution-based group therapy for 8 sessions of 90 minutes per week, and the control group was placed on a waiting list. In order to collect information, the Way Of Coping Questionnaire )WOCQ) (Lazarus and Folkman, 1984) and Mental Happiness Questionnaire (SVS) (Frederick, 1997) were used. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the research data. The findings of the study showed that by controlling the effect of the pre-test, there was a significant difference between the mean post-test scores of the experimental and control groups in the variables of coping styles and mental vitality (P< 0/001). It can be said that the short-term solution-oriented approach is effective in reducing the emotional-oriented coping style and increasing the problem-oriented coping style and mental vitality of gifted students.

Generalized anxiety disorder is one of the anxiety disorders that has caused many problems in the field of health for nurses. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in anxiety sensitivity, deficits in emotional processing and distress tolerance of nurses with symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder.

The research was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population in this study included all nurses living in Karaj city in 2022. 30 nurses suffering from generalized anxiety disorder were selected as a sample by convenience sampling and randomly replaced in two experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. During eight 90-minute sessions, the experimental group was subjected to mindfulness-based cognitive therapy 2 days a week, but no intervention was performed on the control group. Both groups (control and experimental) responded to the emotional processing scale-revised (EPS-R), anxiety sensitivity index (ASI) and distress tolerance scale (DTS) before and after the intervention. To analyze the data, multivariate analysis of covariance was used using SPSS software version 23.

There was a significant difference between the average post-test scores of the intervention group and the control group, so that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy significantly led to a decrease in anxiety sensitivity and deficits in emotional processing and an increase in distress tolerance in the intervention group (P>0.01).

According to the obtained results, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, on the one hand, by implementing techniques that are related to the component of mindfulness, reduces anxiety sensitivity in nurses, and on the other hand, by changing patterns Cognitive and identification of cognitive errors leads to an increase in the ability to control thoughts and emotions and to improve the way of dealing with negative emotions, which in turn improves the emotional processing and distress tolerance of nurses with generalized anxiety disorder. Therefore, it is recommended as an effective intervention to reduce the cognitive and emotional problems of nurses with generalized anxiety disorder.

Betrayal In recent years, it has become one of the most problematic and traumatic marital conflicts. In addition, this phenomenon brings with it various psychological problems; therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of traumatic childhood experiences, mentalization and alexithymia in predicting depression and suicidal thoughts in women suffering from the trauma of marital betrayal.

The method of this research is descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of this research included all women suffering from the trauma of marital betrayal in Tehran in 2022. For this purpose, 220 of these people were selected by convenience sampling method and they responded to the short form of Bernstein et al.'s Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (2003), Fonagy et al.'s Reflective Function Questionnaire (2016), Toronto alexithymia Scale (1994), Revised Beck Depression Inventory (1996) and Beck Suicidal Ideation Scale (1991). The collected data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis in SPSS-24 software.

The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between traumatic childhood experiences, mentalization (uncertainty component) and alexithymia with depression and suicidal thoughts (P<0.01). Also, there is a negative and significant relationship between mentalization (confidence component) and depression and suicidal thoughts (P<0.01). The results of multiple regression analysis also revealed that 76.9% of the variance of depression and 55.2% of the variance of suicidal thoughts are explained by traumatic childhood experiences, mentalization and alexithymia.

According to the results, it is possible to use mentalizing interventions, alexithymia and training based on childhood trauma treatment in adulthood to reduce depression symptoms and suicidal thoughts in women suffering from marital infidelity.

Maladaptive daydreaming (MD) is an extreme form of daydreaming that may cause significant psychological distress and dysfunction in individuals. A lot of research has been done on maladaptive daydreaming weaving recently, but its psychopathology is still not clear. The aim of this study was to compare psychological problems and job performance among two groups of nurses with MD and without MD.

This research is causal-comparative. The statistical population of this research was made up of all the nurses of Kermanshah hospitals. Among the statistical population, 80 nurses were selected as a sample group in a convenience manner. Using the MDS-16 scale, out of 80 people in the sample, 30 people were diagnosed as having MD symptoms and 50 people were diagnosed as people without MD symptoms. 30 people without MD symptoms were selected and compared with the group with MD symptoms (30 people). The maladaptive daydreaming scale, generalized anxiety disorder scale, obsessive-compulsive questionnaire, self-report diagnostic questionnaire of attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder and job performance questionnaire were used to collect information. The analysis of the information obtained from the implementation of questionnaires was done through SPSS software version 24 in two descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential (multivariate analysis of variance) sections.

The results indicated that there is a significant difference between psychological problems and job performance among two groups of nurses with and without maladaptive daydreaming (P<0.05). Between the fact that nurses with maladaptive daydreaming have a higher mean score in general anxiety, obsessive-compulsive, attention deficit and hyperactivity and have a lower score in job performance.

The presence of MD among nurses and a high score in psychological problems and a low score in job performance indicate a potentially serious, comprehensive and important problem. This preliminary study should provide a solid foundation for more detailed research on the causes and factors associated with MD and other related psychological problems and job performance. In addition, it is suggested to pay special attention to MD as an important component.

The purpose of this study was evaluating the effectiveness of mindfulness therapy group based on reducing stress on coping styles and resilience damaged women of domestic violence. This study was conducted in a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and control group. The population included all damaged women of domestic violence in Qazvin. 30 damaged women of domestic violence were selected using voluntary sampling and diagnosis of Qazvin's forensics in areas that are under supervision of welfare and then they were randomly assainged to experimental and control groups. The participants in the experimental group received a stress reduction treatment program based on mindfulness, and the participants control group not received treatment. The participants completed Lazarus and Folkman Coping Styles and Cannor Psychological Resilience Questionnaires in pre-test, and post-test. Stage. Data were analyzed using covariance analysis statistical method. The results showed that controlling the pre-test effect, there aree a significant difference between the mean post-test scores of the experimental and the control groups in coping styles and resilienc variable According to the results, we can say that mindfulness therapy group based on reducing stress has effect on increasing resilience and problem-oriented coping strategies and reducing emotional coping strategies in women damaged of domestic violence.

This research was aimed to determine the short-term solution-focused approach on the coping strategies and mental toughness of outstanding students.

The design of this quasi-experimental study was pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population included all the top ninth grade female students in Mashhad in the academic year 2018-19. Their number was estimated at 611 people. After the initial evaluation, 30 students who lower scored than the others in the psychological toughness test were selected by purposive sampling as a research sample and assigned to two identical groups of 15 experiments and controls. The experimental group received group-centered group therapy in eight sessions of 90 minutes each week, and The control group did not receive any intervention. In order to collect information, the questionnaires of coping strategies of Lazarus and Folkman and psychological toughness of Kubasa et al. Were used in two stages of pre-test and post-test. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data.

According to the results, by controlling the effect of pre-test, there was a significant difference between the mean scores of post-test in the experimental and control groups in the variables of emotion-focused, problem-focused and mental toughness (P<0.001).

In general, the short-term solution-focused approach has a significate effect on reducing the emotion-focused and increasing the problem-focused and mental toughness of outstanding students.