علیرضا داشی پور

Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis is an important gynaecological problem in medicine. Candida vulvovaginitis is the second cause of vaginitis in women after bacterial infections. This study aimed to investigate the effect of thyme and clove essential (TEO and CEO) oil in clinical isolates of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.

In this experimental study, 60 samples were taken from patients suspected of recurrent vulvovaginitis who were referred to Zahedan medical centers over a period of 6 months. Definitive diagnosis of candidates was done using germ tube tests, chlamydoconidia production and Candida pigment on CHROMagar candida medium. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined according to the CLSI M27 document of TEO, CEO and fluconazole drug in clinical isolates.

The frequency of Candida albicans was 56.66% and Candida krusei was 43.34% in clinical isolates. The MIC90 of thyme and clove essential oils for clinical isolates of Candida albicans recurrent vulvovaginitis were 3.9 and 0.97 µl/ml, respectively.

The results of this study showed that Candida albicans and Candida krusei are common causes of candidiasis and recurrent vulvovaginitis, respectively. Also, compared to thyme essential oil, clove essential oil had a better antifungal effect in inhibiting the causative agents of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.

Celiac disease is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases. Due to the wide variety of symptoms and complications and also the lack of sufficient food sources, Celiac disease causes a decrease in the quality of life in patients, and thus it is essential to identify the relevant food sources and its quality. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the types of food products offered in the distribution centers of food products for celiac patients and compare them with similar food products in Zahedan city.

In this descriptive-analytical study, the energy and micronutrients of 60 food products, including 30 products of celiac and gluten-free patients and 30 similar food products, were investigated and evaluated. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare the data.

The average energy and fiber per 100 grams of celiac products were significantly lower than non-celiac products. It was also found that the abundance of starch in potatoes, whey powder and rice flour in celiac products is significantly higher than in non-celiac products. On the other hand, wheat flour was significantly higher in non-celiac products.

The findings of this research showed that the nutritional value of gluten-free products is lower than gluten-containing products in such a way that their dietary fiber and energy are less. Also, the price of these products is three times that of similar products, which requires proper management regarding the increase of gluten-free products in the city.

Preeclampsia and eclampsia are pregnancy specific syndromes. Vitamin D is one of the pathological factors of this syndrome. The aim of this study was to compare the serum levels of vitamin D in pregnant women with preeclampsia or eclampsia with healthy pregnant women.

In a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study, 50 pregnant women with preeclampsia or eclampsia and 50 healthy individuals were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and after taking blood sampling, serum vitamin D levels were measured using a commercial kit and ELISA. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS: 20. P <0.05 was considered as significant difference.

The mean serum vitamin D in pregnant women with preeclampsia or eclampsia was lower than the healthy group (P = 0.002). Also, 38% and 2% of pregnant women with preeclampsia or eclampsia and healthy had severe vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency was more common in pregnant women over 30 years of age and BMI over 25, education less than a diploma, a housewife, and a gestational age of less than 34 weeks.

The results indicate that most pregnant women with preeclampsia and eclampsia syndrome are deficient in vitamin D, which affect in the development of preeclampsia or eclampsia. Therefore, timely screening and treatment of vitamin D deficiency can probably prevent preeclampsia or eclampsia and promote the quality of pregnancy.

Since stress is a destructive factoer on reproduction system in rats and myricitrin is a flavonoid which used for Improvement of many sicknesses and infertility, the aime of this experiment was to evaluate the myricitrin on male reproduction pararameters and sex hormnes in male rats which esposed to immobility stress.

This experiment was perfomed on 50 male Wistar rats which were devided into five groups:Control groups (A), Sham control (B) and test groups (C), (D) and (E), (n=10) randomly. Tests groups received immobility stress (restriner) for 60 days daily. Group C did not recieeved any agent during trial stress but group D received normal saline intraperitoneally in the last 14 days during trial course every other day of the trial, but group E received 2.5 mg/kg Myricitrin intraperitoneally in the last 14 days every other day of the trial.

Testosteron, LH, FSH, and the weight of testis epididymis and vas deference, sperm count, velocity and motility were significantly decreased in testes group C and D compared to grou A and B. But these values in group E were significantly increasde compared to other testes group. Sperm morphology did not showe any differences among all groups.

This survey reaveled that chronic immobility stress leads to decrease serum level of Gonadotropins, sex hormone and sex parameters in male rats, but Myricitrin improved all values exept of sperm morphology.

Tinea capitis is a common childhood infection in many parts of the world so that it has a challenging treatment for patients. Due to the importance of Tinea capitis in school-age children the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Tinea capitis in primary schools in Zahedan.

This descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted during two months (October and November 2020). Ten primary schools of Zahedan city were examined in order to consist of 2328 students; 1407 boys and 921 girls. Samples were collected of 36 students with clinical signs and suspected Tinea capitis. In the laboratory, the collected samples were tested for the presence or absence of Tinea capitis.

1.5% of students (n = 35) had Tinea capitis; Ectotrix and Endotrix types. The prevalence was 1.92% in male students and was 0.25% in female students, which was statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05).

The findings of this study showed that the incidence of Tinea capitis with various types of Ectotrix and Endotrix in students of Zahedan city is significant. The highest prevalence of Tinea capitis is related to Ectotrix type and the prevalence of Tinea capitis is higher in male students in comparison female students

Diabetes is a metabolic syndrome that is increasingly globalized. Many studies are currently focused on the anti-hyperglycemic effects of safe and harmful herbal products including cinnamon. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of cinnamon on blood glucose, HbA1C, and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients because of inconsistency in the results of previous studies.

This double blind randomized clinical trial was performed on 69 male and female diabetic patients with mean fasting blood glucose level of 202.16 ± 44.30 in Zahedan, Iran. Subjects were divided into three groups (two groups receiving cinnamon recipients with doses of 2 and 4 g and control group). Subjects received 4 capsules daily for 12 weeks. After 8 hours of fasting, blood samples were taken at the beginning of the intervention and weeks 4, 8 and 12 were measured to measure fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance and HbA1c. One-way ANOVA and Repeated Measurement and SPSS software were used to analyze the data.

At the end of week 8 and 12, a statistically significant decrease in mean fasting blood glucose, HbA1C and insulin resistance was observed in the experimental groups (Cinnamon 2 and 4 g daily) compared to the control group (P <0.001). Also at the end of week 12, the glucose and HbA1C variables were significantly different between the two experimental groups receiving cinnamon (P <0.001).

Long-term consumption of high-dose cinnamon is effective as a low-risk supplement for controlling blood glucose and improving the health of people with diabetes.

Herbals have effective components such as phenolic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant. There are many methods to extract these compounds include soxhlet, maceration, microwave and ultrasound. Kind of method extraction is effective to quantity and quality material extracted. The aim of this study was survey of ultrasound extraction efficacy in phenolics, antimicrobial and antioxidants of leaves and roots of Capparis spinosa L. Response surface methodology (RSM) and Box–Behnken design were employed for the optimization of two extraction parameters, including extraction time (10, 25, 40 min) and ultrasound power (40, 70, 100 %) by alcoholic extraction. The results showed ultrasound power was more effective factor than time. By increasing of ultrasound power and the time of extraction the yield increased. The optimum extraction conditions for antioxidant and antimicrobial extraction were as follows: extraction time 36 min and ultrasound power 91 percent. Total phenolic content was obtained 25.47 mg/g in leave and 17.24 mg/g in root and IC50 was 9.13 µg/mg in leave and 40.20 µg/mg in root. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were less in coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus when compared to E.coli.

Proper reduction of labor pain has always been one of the most important goals of medicine and the patient's request for labor pain relief is a sufficient necessity for the use of pain relief methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the maternal and fetal outcomes of mothers who underwent spinal analgesia in comparison with the control group in mothers who referred to the maternity ward of Ali Ibn Abitaleb Hospital in Zahedan in 2020.

The present study was a case-control study that was performed on 200 pregnant women in 1398. Pregnant women whose criteria for admission and selection of ananesthesiologist were divided into painless (spinal) delivery groups. The control group was selected by simple random sampling from among those who met the inclusion criteria but did not want to have a painless delivery. The two groups were compared usingANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, Linear regression, Chi-Square and Fisher's exact tests. A significance level of 0.05 was considered.

The length of the first and second stages of labor in the non-intervention group was significantly shorter than the painless groups. In the analgesic method used, the Apgar score of the infant had no negative effects on the type of delivery and did not lead to complications in the mother in the postpartum stage.

Findings from this study showed that spinal analgesia had no negative effects on maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Numerous studies have demonstrated different serum changes in vitamin B12 and folic acid levels in patients taking metformin. The present study aimed to make a comparison between patients with type II diabetes (T2DM) taking metformin and healthy individuals in terms of serum levels of vitamin B12 and folic acid.

In this cross-sectional observational study, 40 patients with T2DM and 40 healthy subjects were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. After recording individual characteristics and taking fasting blood, glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and Low-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels were measured using commercial kits employing spectrophotometric methods. Moreover,  folic acid and vitamin B12 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

The results indicated that the mean scores of folic acid levels in T2DM patients and healthy subjects were obtained at 3.4±1.69 (ng/ml) and 9.1±4.78 (ng/ml), respectively. Moreover, the mean scores of vitamin B12 level were 176.05± 34.56 and 227.20± 56.84 (pg/ml) in T2DM patients and healthy subjects, respectively (P=0.0001). Except for the cholesterol level, the mean values of fasting blood glucose and lipid profile were significantly different between the two groups. With regard to the risk of a high level of biochemical indicators compared to standard, these indicators showed more increase in the patient group than healthy subjects.

As evidenced by the obtained results, there was a reduction in the vitamin B12 and folic acid levels significant changes in biochemical indicators in patients with T2DM, as compared to healthy subjects. This process can be dangerous in terms of complications and disease progression; therefore, it is recommended to prescribe the abovementioned vitamin supplements for these patients.

Due to the increasing prevalence of preeclampsia and eclampsia syndrome and itchr('39')s multifactorial nature and the relationship between zinc and this syndrome, this study was designed to compare serum zinc level in pregnant women with preeclampsia or eclampsia and healthy in Ali Ibn Abitaleb Hospital in Zahedan.

In a case-control study, 50 pregnant women with pre-eclampsia or eclampsia and 50 healthy pregnant women were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria by convenient sampling method, 2019. After recording demographic and clinical characteristics in each questionnaire in two groups, 3 ml of blood was taken from each person. Serum zinc was determined by atomic absorption, spectrophotometry. Quantitative and qualitative data were described and analyzed as independent t-test by SPSS software: 16

The results showed that the mean serum zinc level was not significantly different between the case and control groups, but the frequency of serum zinc deficiency in the case group was higher than the control (P< 0.01). In pregnant women with a gestational age of 34 weeks and more, the serum zinc in the case group was lower than control (P=0.04). In addition, hypertension in healthy pregnant women is associated with serum zinc levels. Complications such as pre-hypertension, proteinuria, and abortion were more common in case group (P< 0.05).

Findings indicate that although the mean serum zinc in the two groups was not significantly different, but the frequency of serum zinc deficiency was higher in the case group. Nevertheless, screening for serum zinc deficiency and its treatment along with other diagnostic and clinical methods can be effective in ensuring health and preventing preeclampsia or eclampsia in pregnancy.

Diabetes is one of the chronic and most common metabolic diseases in humans and is closely related to many debilitating diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases in diabetic patients in Zahedan.

This descriptive study was performed on 270 patients referred to the Diabetes Clinic of Zahedan in an easy and accessible method in 2017-2017. Measurement indicators include four checklists a) Record the latest laboratory test information in the patient file, b) Researcher-made checklist to collect demographic information based on the objectives of the study c) Cigarette and alcohol consumption checklist and a short questionnaire International physical activity was IPAQ. Data were processed using SPSS-v19 software and descriptive statistics.

According to the results, most of the patients were women (75.2%) in the age range of 40 to 60 years. 40.7% of patients were illiterate. Most of the subjects (93.3%) had type 2 diabetes. 28 (10.3%) patients were smokers or hubble-bubble users and 11 (4.0%) were drug (opiate) users. 40 patients (14.8%) had blood pressure higher than 140 mm Hg. None of them had a history of alcohol consumption.

The findings showed that health threatening factors are increasing in diabetic patients. Therefore, it is necessary to intervene to change the lifestyle. Since the chronic problems of diabetes can be prevented and treated, the need for proper education and improving patientschr('39') knowledge about the disease and its complications, along with the necessary care and screening with more accuracy and early diagnosis of diabetes are recommended.

The present study aimed to evaluate the barriers to general medicine dissertation implementation in Zahedan University of Medical Sciences from the perspective of faculty members in 2017.

In this descriptive study, a self-administered questionnaire was distributed among 100 faculty members of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences using census method and 80 questionnaires were completed. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test.

49 (62.7%) of supervisors presented inadequate education of students in literature review, 32 (41.8%) lack of sufficient information about research priorities of the country, 29 (32.8%) lack of student guidance in theses writing (p=0.018) and 39 (46.3%) the statistical analysis of the results and their misunderstanding by the student as the main problems.

The results showed that the most important obstacle for faculty members was inadequate education of the students in the review of literature and articles. In this regard, holding research methodology workshops can be effective.

Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is a widely used method for the diagnosis and treatment of upper gastrointestinal diseases, but it is necessary to identify patients with less complicated drugs. The aim of this study was to compare the sedative effect of two medicinal compounds midazolam-fentanyl with midazolam-propofol in patients with upper gastrointestinal endoscopy .

This study was performed on 147 patients with upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (70 in midazolam-fentanyl group and 77 in midazolam-propofol group). Patients were randomly divided into two groups. The target drugs were prescribed and vital signs and sedation were recorded. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare the data .

The results of the present study showed that the frequency of deeper sedation with higher satisfaction in the midazolam / propofol group was significantly higher than the midazolam / fentanyl group but on the other hand, the frequency of apnea in the midazolam / propofol group was more than the other group .

Given the prevalence of endoscopy in Iran and the need for safe sedation for patients with higher efficacy, it is suggested that midazolam / propofol combination be used for patient sedation and should not be used only in patients with poor prognosis for apnea. This method was used to sedate patients .

Metabolic syndrome is increasing with progressive syrup in all age groups. It has become a serious health problem in the community. Today, a number of researches have focused on determining the anti-fat effects of cheap and highly safe herbal products. Cinnamon, one of these herbs, has the ability to lower blood lipids due to its cinnamaldehyde element. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of cinnamon in different doses on cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and HDL levels in diabetic patients.

This double-blind randomized clinical trial was performed on 69 male and female diabetic patients with mean blood triglyceride level of 179.91 ± 14.19 in Zahedan. Subjects were divided into 3 groups (2 intervention groups receiving cinnamon 2 and 4 g doses and control group receiving placebo). Each subject received 4 capsules daily for 12 weeks. Intravenous blood samples were taken to measure cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, HDL and FBS at baseline and at 4, 8 and 12 weeks. One-way ANOVA and Repeated Measurement tests were used for data analysis

There was a statistically significant decrease in mean triglyceride, cholesterol, glucose and LDL levels in the intervention group compared to the placebo group (P <0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in mean HDL between the three groups (P >0.05).

Long-term consumption of high-dose cinnamon can be effective in reducing the lipid profiles of diabetic patients because of its polyphenolic compounds.

Adipokines are involved in obesity-related illnesses and may be an indicatior of increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 10 weeks speedy and endurance exercises training and a period of detraining on the serum levels of nesfatin-1, lipid profile, body fat percentage, and BMI in non-athlete healthy young men.

39 non-athletic male students were randomly divided into three groups of (n=13) men (speedy, endurance, and control). Experimental groups included; endurance group at 60 to 85 VO2 max and speedy group of 80 to 100 VO2 max which trained during ten-weeks training program and three sessions per week respectively. Consequently, subjects have continued four weeks of detraining. Blood samples were taken at 12-hour fasting state under similar conditions in different stage. Serum levels of dependent variables were measured by commercial kits. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software; including; Shapiro-Wilk test, repeated measurement ANOVA, LSD and one way ANOVA test and post Hoc test. p

There was no significant difference according to variable between the groups in the study (p

Today, with increasingresistance of bacteria to antibiotics, the use of medicinal plants has increased. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial properties of Carla extract on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus to investigate the inhibitory properties and to find alternative drugs.

In this research, the antimicrobial activity of Carla inaqueous and alcoholic extraction on escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus was performed by means of well diffusion method. Consequently, theinhibitory zone, MIC and MBC were determined.

MIC and Mbc for escherichia coli showed the highest sensitivity to alcoholic extract of leaf with mean of 62.5 mg/ml and 125 mg/ml and staphylococcus aureus showed the highest susceptibility to fruit alcoholic extract with mean of 64 mg / ml and 64 mg / ml. The diameter of the inhibition zone of the alcoholic extract of the leaf for E. coli is 19 mm and the diameter of the inhibition zone of the alcoholic extract of fruit for staphylococcus aureus is 2/26 mm, which confirms the results of MIC and Mbc. Minimum inhibitory concentration of E.coli was related to the alcoholic extract of leaf and the minimum concentration of fecundity was related to alcoholic beverage.

Results for staphylococcus aureusac company from the order of aqueous extract of leaf

Today, Candida albicans' drug resistance to existing antifungal drugs, and in the other hands some side effects that related to the using of synthetic antifungal effects in the living organisms are the reasons that consumers prefer natural antifungal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal effects of Zataria multiflora Boiss (avishan-e shirazi) and clove oils in comparison with fluconazole and nystatin against clinical isolates of C. albicans In vitro. Identification of clinical isolates of C. albicans were done by phenotypic and genotypic methods. To investigate the antifungal effect of each essential oils and drugs, the M27-A3 protocol recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) was used and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) were determined. The MIC of clinical isolates for essential oils of Zataria multiflora Boiss and Clove were 0.003 and 0.47 μl / ml, respectively. The MIC was in the range of 2.37-9.5 IU / ml for nystatin and 3.12 - 12.5 μg / ml for fluconazole. Our finding showed that the essential oils of Zataria multiflora Boiss and Clove have more anti-fungal activity against clinical isolates of C. albicans than fluconazole and nystatin. According to the results of this study, essential oils of Zataria multiflora Boiss and Clove are recommended for controlling the vulvogenitis caused by C. albicans.

Background and Identifying the types of immune cells in patients with tuberculosis (TB) including single-core and multi-core is of great benefit in control and treatment of these patients. The aim of this research was to compare differential cell count in Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples in patients with and without TB.
In this descriptive-analytical study 100 patients were selected using purposive sampling. They were divided into two groups of positive and negative smear (n= 50 per group). BAL samples were divided into two sections; one was used for culture and the other was fixed. Four smear slides were prepared from the sediments that were stained by Papanicolaou, Giemsa, hematoxylin-eosin (H&E), and Ziehl-Neelsen. Single-core and multi-core cell differential count was done and the association between the presence of TB bacteria and differential cell counts were studied in patients with TB. Also, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for diagnosis of TB were investigated.
Pearson correlation coefficients indicated that by increase in number of TB bacteria, the rate of neutrophil cells increased significantly (r=0.526, P The findings showed that neutrophils is the predominant cells in (BAL) samples of TB patients and increasing levels were detected when the severity of bacteria increased.

An increase in blood sugar levels after meals is the most common disorder in diabetes. Since bread is one of the main sources of food in Iran, we aimed to assesses the effect of five types of Iranian bread (Baguette, Lavash, Tafton, Sangak and Barley) on blood glucose level of type 2 diabetes patients and healthy subjects.
In this study, 150 participants including two equal groups of type 2 diabetic patients with diabetes and healthy controls were studied. Both groups of patients and controls randomly divided into five equal subgroups, and then each group received one of the five kinds of bread containing 50 g available carbohydrate. Blood glucose level was measured at baseline, 60 and 120 minutes after consumption of breads.
Results showed that the highest glycemic response was observed in blood sugar after ingestion of Baguette bread, in both groups. The variations of blood glucose after 120 min, in subjects who had received Sangak and Barley breads was significantly lower than those who consumed Baguette, Lavash and Tafton breads (P Sangak and Barley breads had more effec on blood glucose control, which can play an important role in the regulation of blood glucose levels in diabetic patients.

Inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system in patients with diabetic nephropathy can reduce proteinuria and slow down renal impairment. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the preventive effects of prescribing both angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor inhibitors (ARBs) for renal disease progression compared with administrating each of these two medications alone in patients with type 2 diabetes.
90 patients with diabetic nephropathy were randomized into three groups: receiving captopril, losartan, and losartan in combination with captopril. Proteinuria was measured before, 2, 6 and 12 months after intervention, and creatinine clearance was measured before and after intervention. Repeated measures ANOVA, Fisher's least significant difference (Fisher's LSD), and t-test were used for data analysis by SPSS software.
Findings: Proteinuria was improved in all groups who received medication (P Administration of ACEI or ARBs reduced proteinuria in patients suffering from diabetic nephropathy (due to type 2 diabetes) but prescribing both drugs had a significantly better outcome. However, creatinine clearance was not significantly improved in any of the groups.

Prevalence of food insecurity in some parts of the country has been identified however, no studies have been conducted in Zahedan regarding co-existing of stunting and overweight and its relationship with food insecurity and dietary patterns. The aim of this study was to determine the association of food insecurity and dietary patterns with simultaneous obesity and stunting in the primary school pupils of Zahedan city, Iran. Using two-stage cluster sampling, a total of 2400 students, aged 7-12 years, were randomly selected from primary school pupils in Zahedan. From these, 45 students with (BMI Z-score, BMIZ&rsaquo1 and BMIZ&rsaquo2) and stunting (Height-for-age Z-score, WHZ<-1) were defined having stunting with concurrent overweight, and 90 pupils of the same age and gender with normal height-for-age Z-score and weight for age were selected as controls. Data were collected through face to face interview with mothers using 24-hour food-recall and USDA food insecurity and general information questionnaires. Healthy Eating Index (HEI) has been developed to track the quality of diet in different societies. HEI was calculated based on 9 components (food guide pyramid groups, the percent of fat and saturated fatty acid intake, cholesterol consumption and dietary variety score). The HEI score was categorized into three groups: less than 45 (poor diet), 45-72 (needs improvement) and more than 72 (good diet). Independent sample T test and Chi-square were used for normal distributed data and Mann-Whitney’s U test for asymmetrical distribution to compare and analyze the data among the case and control groups. The prevalence food insecurity was, respectively, 57.8% and 61.1% in the stunting with concurrent overweight and children with normal height and weight. Also 15.6% of stunting with concurrent overweight and 4.4% of children with normal height and weight had food insecurity with severe hungry. The mean score of HEI was 40.9±13.53 in stunting with concurrent overweight children and 46.11±12.73 in children with normal height and weight)P<0/05. Diet quality scores ranged from 12.5 to 70. There were no significant differences among the case and control groups for the components of HEI (P>0/05). Diet quality scores showed that all of the children have poor diet or diet that needs improvement, and none of the subjects had a “good diet”. The overall diet quality and nutritional habits of Zahedan primary school pupils need modification and improvement (case and control groups). Also the prevalence of food insecurity is high among Zahedan primary school students.

The prevalence of obesity is increasing as threatening in all age group in the world so it has became the serious problem in the public health, Nowadays, the use of medicinal plants has have been considered more than other methods of weight control, the green tea is considered one of these plants that So far the researches have been done on its effects on weight But the results of these studies have been inconsistent due to various doses and different methods so, this study was conducted to determine the effect of various doses of green tea extract on weight loss and body mass index in adults obese women. This double-blind clinical trial has randomly been conducted on 60 obese women that were overweight, with a BMI> 27 kg/m2, WC> 87 (waist). The samples were divided randomly into three groups of 20; in this regard, have received two intervention groups (experimental) recipient of green tea extract with different concentrations (50 and 100 percent) and control group (control) recipient of placebo containing cellulose. Each participant received daily three times (one hour before each meal) of green tea extract or placebo for 12 weeks. All samples were measured in the baseline and weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 in terms of anthropometric measures (weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference, body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR). the data were collected and have been analyzed in the different groups By using of software SPSS 19 - Sas9.2 and statistical test of one-way Anova and was used repeated Measurement test for Comparisons of these groups. In the baseline The mean and standard deviation of weight and BMI were in the experimental group which received 100% of extract, respectively 74.19 ± 4.3 and 28.95 ± 0.8 and in the experimental groups which received extract 50% 1/5 ± 34/74 and 06/1 ± 69/28., which was reduced respectively, to 67.90 ± 4.1 and 26.49 ± 0.7 as well as 70.98 ± 5.6 and 27.38 ± 1.19 in the end of the study Which is indicative of a significant difference in the mean weight and BMI on these consecutive weeks (P < 0.01،P <0.05). However, there was no significant difference on the mean of WHR among the three groups. According to the findings, long-term consumption of green tea as a complementary treatment of low risk for weight control and general health promotion is effective.

The primary dysmenorrhea is one of the most common problem that women complaint about and at least 50% of them experience it during the productivity period. The goal of this study was to compare the effect of Dill (Anethum graveolens) with mefenamic acid consumption on treatment of primary dysmenorrhea in students of Iranshahr Universities، 2010.

This study is a clinical trial that conducted on 100 students with moderate severity and primary dysmenorrhea who were educating in Iranshahr Universities. They were randomly divided into two groups (mefenamic acid and Anethum graveolens). In the beginning of the cycle Dillsun was prescribed (10gtt q8hours) for Anethum graveolens. 1 capsul 250mg per 6 hours was prescribed for another group one day after starting the pain. Severity of pain was compared in pre intervention cycle and three cycles post intervention in both 2 groups. Results were analyzed by SPSS through chi square، ANOVA and t-test in 0. 5 level of significancy.

The mean of dysmenorrhea severity was not significant in pre intervention cycle between two groups (P=0. 42)، but pain reduction in each three cycles after interventions in both groups was reported. This reduction was more in mefenamic acid group and it was more significant in secondary and tertiary cycles (P<0. 05).

Mefenamic acid and Anethum graveolens are effective in dysmenorrhea. Although this affect was more obvious in mefenamic acid group but as Anethum graveolens is an herbal combination، which has less side effects and people''s interest to herbal treatments is considerable، so it is recommended to use it for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.

Unwanted pregnancy is a global public health concern that affects women, their families and the society Lack of interest in the causes of unwanted pregnancy and its negative effects can result in serious consequences for public health. The purpose of this study was to examine some of the factors related to unwanted pregnancy among women referring to health care centers of Iranshahr in 2007. This study analytic case-control study was performed on 960Iranian pregnant women who referred to the health care centers of Iranshahr and were chosen by available sampling method. Data was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire containing individual characteristics, fertility behaviors and the method of contraception by interview. Data was analyzed by SPSS (11), using Chi-Square and In depended t-test. Most unwanted pregnancy occurred in women who were above 35 years old, illiterate or with primary school education. There was also a significant relationship between these variables and pregnancy type (p=0.001). 81% of women with unwanted pregnancy applied a contraceptive method before current pregnancy that 39.3% had stopped prevention method before current pregnancy and 60.7% became pregnant while using a contraceptive method.. Most unwanted pregnancy occurred in women who took oral contraceptive pills (61.1%), condom (25.8%) and withdrawals (10.6%), respectively. for improving the quality of family planning services to be necessary holding extensive educational programs about contraceptive methods and the disadvantages of unwanted pregnancy especially for older and illiterate women seem to be necessary.