فاطمه اسماعیلی

The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the effect of the thinking training program based on critical reading based on Brookfield's thinking training model (2012) on the moral identity of adolescents.The research method was experimental, in the framework of a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test with control group. The research population was all eighth grade female students in Tehran in the academic year 2018-2019. The sample of the current research was selected from one of the secondary high schools of the first period in the 2nd district of Tehran and was selected as available. The sample people were 32 students of one of the eighth grade classes of this high school. All subjects first responded to the moral identity questionnaire. Then, they were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups.The experimental group(32 people) was trained for ten 70-minute sessions.During this time, the control group received no training.At the end, both groups responded to the moral identity questionnaire.Data analysis was done at two descriptive and inferential levels (multivariate covariance analysis). The findings of the research show the average difference between the experimental group and the control group in the level of moral self and moral integrity.The result indicates that the model of critical reading can be effective in the development of both dimensions of moral identity of adolescents due to providing the cognitive opportunity to analyze and review the assumptions, evidence and results in the text.

Situated in northern Iran, the Haraz River stands out as a significant ecosystem, hosting diverse aquatic life and serving as a vital water source for dynamic commercial and industrial activities in its vicinity. This study employed both the Iran Surface Water Quality Indicators (IR-WQIsc) and the National Health Foundation Quality Index (NSF-WQI) to evaluate the water quality of the Haraz River.

Monthly water samples were collected from the central segment of the Haraz River, at a depth of 30 cm, throughout the year (1399-1400). An array of parameters including water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), electrolyte conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, ammonium nitrogen (N-NH+ 4), nitrate nitrogen (N-NO3), phosphate (PO4), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), and total suspended solids (TSS) were meticulously measured and subjected to analysis.

According to the IR-WQIsc index, the Haraz River's water quality shifts from relatively good in the upstream direction to relatively poor as it progresses downstream during the spring, autumn, and winter seasons. Notably, spring marks the peak of upstream water quality, while winter exhibits the highest downstream quality. However, during summer, the river's water quality is comparably lower than in other seasons. On average, as per the IR-WQIsc index, water quality is categorized as "relatively good" during spring, autumn, and winter, while it declines to a "moderate" level in summer. Conversely, analysis using the NSF-WQI index reveals that river water quality is at its best during spring and least favorable in summer. In autumn and winter, water quality demonstrates consistent patterns and maintains an average level. An in-depth interseasonal assessment consistently identifies the summer season as having the lowest water quality across all three monitoring stations.

The assessment of water quality across seasons through distinct indicators yields insightful findings. The summer season experiences reduced water quality due to tourist activity in northern regions and environmental factors such as heightened temperatures. Furthermore, a discernible trend emerges wherein water quality demonstrates improvement from downstream to upstream, likely influenced by population density fluctuations along the river's trajectory. Conclusively, a comparative analysis of the two methods indicates a degree of concurrence in water quality assessment outcomes. However, the IR-WQIsc index emerges as a more precise classifier, underscoring its efficacy in such evaluations.

The metaverse is a hypothetical future iteration of the Internet that supports long-term, decentralized online 3D virtualization environments, the links between the financial, virtual, and physical worlds are ever more interconnected. It is a network of always-on virtual environments where many people can interact with each other and digital objects while acting out virtual representations or avatars of themselves. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of Metaverse on the future of accounting and auditing based on accountants' point of view. The statistical population in this research is all accountants and official auditors working in the city of Mashhad, which is an unlimited society (whose number is 1200 according to the report of the Iranian Association of Official Accountants). According to Morgan's table, the statistical sample is estimated to be 291 people (approximately 300 people) who were sampled as available. SPSS and LISREL software were used for data analysis. The results of the research showed: the nature, position, examples and attributes of metaverse have an impact on the future of accounting and auditing. Therefore, the main hypothesis that Metaverse affects the future of accounting and auditing is confirmed.

Labor pain is the most unbearable pain and can be relieved by painless delivery. This study aimed at investigating the effect of intrathecal sufentanil on some labor parameters in primiparous women.

In this clinical trial study, 126 primiparous women, who were candidates for vaginal delivery in Niknafs Hospital of Rafsanjan, were enrolled based on the table of random numbers in two intervention and control groups equally. The intervention group received 0.1 µg/kg sufentanil in the L5-S1 space, and the control group did not receive painless delivery. Then, the length of the first stage of labor, pain score, perineal laceration, frequency of cesarean section, mother's satisfaction, Apgar of neonate, delivery with vacuum, and need for analgesic in postpartum period were investigated. To compare numeric variables, two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), and to compare the categorical variables chi-square test were used.

The average length of the first stage of labor in the intervention and control groups were 141.33±58.43 and 278.61±140.81 minutes, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). In the intervention group, average pain score, perineal laceration, cases leading to caesarean section, and the frequency of need for analgesic in postpartum were significantly less than the control group (p<0.05).

Painless delivery with saddle block and sufentanil drug reduced length of the first stage of delivery and pain score. Also it improved other delivery parameters, so it is recommended for painless delivery.

 Antibiotics are one of the most commonly used drugs that help to heal and treat diseases, but improper administration and excessive use of them can increase length of stay and cost of hospitalization. The purpose of this study was to analyze relationship between experimental use of antibiotics and duration of stay of premature infants admitted to Mahdiyeh hospital in Tehran.

This descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study was carried out in 2019 on 159 premature infants admitted to intensive care ward of Mahdiyeh hospital in Tehran were investigated. The study tool was a questionnaire that validity of questionnaire was measured by content analysis method and reliability of questionnaire was measured by Cronbach’s alpha method. Data analysis was done using SPSS software, with help of descriptive statistics of frequency and percentage and statistical test of one-way analysis of variance and independent t-test.

The results showed that 52.2% of infants were girls and 79.9% of deliveries were performed by cesarean section. The average length of stay of infants was 31.47 days and average birth of infants was 30 weeks. According to results of study, there was a significant relationship between length of hospitalization of infants with duration of antibiotic treatment and number of periods of receiving antibiotics (P<0.05). The duration of hospitalization of infants with a period of receiving less than 14 days of antibiotics was almost half of duration of hospitalization of infants with more than 14 days of receiving antibiotics. Also, there was a significant relationship between number of antibiotic courses and length of hospitalization of patients (P<0.05). With increase in number of antibiotic sessions, duration of hospitalization of infants increased significantly. The results of study showed that there was a significant relationship between birth weight of babies, cost of bed, and total cost of experimental administration of antibiotics (P<0.05).

Considering that rational use of antibiotics reduce length of stay of hospitalized infants, Ministry of Health should develop an updated and transparent antibiotic adminstration protocol for premature infants and awareness physicians to inform particularly prescription of antibiotics and implementation of stewardship antibiotic programs in neonatal intensive care unit. Also the publication of standard treatment guidelines, instructions including importance of prescribing antibiotics with correct dose and clinical education of physicians are necessary.

The prayer of Abu Hamza Thumali is narrated by Thabet bin Dinar Thamali   from Imam Sajjad (a.s.).
The words of this prayer, in addition to teaching prayers with God, express truths from the verses of the Qur'an in various fields.
In a part of Imam Sajjad's (a.s.) prayer for human awareness of the consequences of good and bad deeds, and the relationship between this world and the hereafter to express the situations and events of the painful time of leaving the body, entering the purgatory, grave pressure, questioning and denying , Has left that stage and entered the world of resurrection.
In this article, Quranic documents and their narrations are presented; And by using the books explaining the prayer of Abu Hamza, various interpretations and narrations of the Imams (a.s.) and in a descriptive-analytical method, describing its luminous words and expressing ways to reduce and ease the sorrow of death, ways to reduce or eliminate the pressure of the grave, ways The simplification of the question of the grave and the ways to get rid of the severity of the resurrection have been discussed

Miandasht copper deposit is located in 110 km east of Shahrood, 24km north west of Abbasabad, and in the Cenozoic volcanic belt of north of Central Iran zone. The major rock units of the study area have Eocene age and include submarine flows (andesite, basalt, and trachyandesit), pyroclastic (tuff breccia and agglomerate) and sedimentary complex (Nomullitic limestone, tuffacous limestone, shale, sandstone and conglomerate). Mineralization in the Miandasht copper deposit occurred as parallel to layering of the host rocks (tuff breccia and agglomerate), and also along with cross- cutting faults of the host rocks in form of stratabound and epigenetic ores. The main ore textures include vein- veinlets, open space filling, disseminated and replacement. The Ores contain primary pyrite, chalcopyrite, chalcocite, bornit, and secondary covellite, chalcocite, malachite, hematite and limonite. The most important wall rock alterations accompanied with mineralization are carbonatic- silicic, sericitic, argillic, and chloritic, and that the amound of carbonatization and silicification increases with closing to mineralization zones. According to geochemical studies, tectonic setting of the deposit was extensional environment formed in a continental margin volcanic arc. Based on essential characteristics of the copper mineralization such as tectonic setting, host rocks, mineralogy, and type of alterations, the Miandasht copper deposit shows many similarities with Manto- type deposits, dominantly formed during orogeny, folding and faulting of the host sequence. It should be mentiond that some charachteristic features of the Miandasht copper deposit including development of argillic alteration, and lack of extensive zeolitic alteration, distinguishes it from other copper deposits in the region including Abbasabad deposit.

Social harms as fresh and open wound are always visible on the body of the country's social system and affect many people. Perhaps the lack of standards and a clear roadmap for news coverage of injuries such as addiction, divorce and marginalization, the severity and direction of injuries are also subject to new destructive factors. The issue of presenting social harm news coverage strategies for IRIB is also important in this regard in order to be able to improve the standards of relevant news coverage. Data was collected through the study of library documents and use of in-depth experts in the field of news. SWOT method was used for analysis .After encoding the data, in a general classification, 12strengths, 45weaknesses, 10 external opportunities and 29 external threats were extracted and placed in the SWOT matrix. After SWOT calculations, the final score showed that the current position of social harm news coverage is at the strategic point of the WT, indicating that national media is facing major environmental threats and its resources are weak; In fact Iran Broadcasting is facing serious weaknesses and critical threats in terms of news coverage, especially in the social field in general and social harms in particular, and it is necessary to adopt defensive strategies to reduce weaknesses and avoid external threats in order to be able to gain audience trust and increase the effectiveness of news in this area.

Urban catalyst is known as one of the important and effective strategies because of its benefits in relation to the inner growth of cities.

The overall and main purpose of the present study is to explain the framework for applying the catalyst strategy in the sustainable regeneration of inefficient urban areas and the practical purpose of the research is to apply the catalyst strategy in the regeneration of Panbehriseh neighborhood.

The present study is based on the purpose of applied-developmental type and in terms of methodological approach is qualitative-quantitative, which has been done in two parts of theoretical and practical studies using descriptive-analytical method and analysis has been done through the SWOT analysis matrix and the quantitative strategic planning matrix (QSPM).
Geographical Context: Panbehriseh Neighborhood, Qazvin City.

By reviewing previous studies, the theoretical framework of the research has been explained based on physical, social, economic and environmental dimensions, and based on it, other steps of the research including identifying, analysis and presentation of strategies have been done that, in the section of cognition, the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of Panbehriseh neighborhood have been analyzed in the form of SWOT and with the help of it, catalyst strategies have been expressed. Finally, using QSPM, strategies for sustainable regeneration of textures have been prioritized and presented.

The results obtained from the findings indicate that the inefficiency of a texture depends on various factors that, if identified correctly and in a timely manner, the tissue can be protected from the risk of decline and gradual death. One of the ways to save such tissues is to regenerate them with catalyst strategy, which, with the help of small and large scale stimulus projects, affects sustainable regeneration by restoring dynamism and vitality to inefficient textures. Catalyst strategies and projects derived from them, if implemented properly, can help increase prosperity and development in the neighborhood, and inject dynamism and mobility into the texture. Therefore, catalyst strategies, by defining useful and executive stimulus projects, can play an important role in the sustainable regeneration of inefficient tissues, including the Panbehriseh neighborhood of Qazvin city.

sEconomic development of attracting foreign capital, using regional comparative advantages and advantages, creating and launching job opportunities and earning income through related services for residents, as well as for the development of low-income or less developed areas of border areas or The growth pole called free trade zones has been formed in different countries, especially Iran. The main activity of these areas is with the approach of tourism, which is one of the strategic goals of the formation of these areas. In order to prosper and attract investors and people, it is necessary to adopt strategies such as making easy rules and to achieve the goal of strategies such as marketing, which includes activities related to bringing the buyer and seller together to do business, motivate and demand Becomes. The tourism market is segmented by geographical area, demographic composition, type of behavior or by psychology. And for the effectiveness of marketing in this field, mixed marketing techniques are used, which are: product, distribution, price and product promotion (incentive policies). To ensure that all efforts are made to achieve short-term and long-term goals

Measuring is a key technology for assessing the extent and amount of land cover variations the knowledge of which is of fundamental importance for different planning. In this study, land use changes in the past 20 years using the TerrSat software and its potential for prediction in the future were evaluated using the Markov chain of Ramhormoz. For this purpose, TM Landsat 5, OLI Landsat 8 was used for 1996 and 2016, along with topographic maps and area coverage. Images of both time periods were classified into four categories of land use: lands made by human hands, arable land, agricultural and uncultivated lands. According to the results, the lands made with 39.1% of the most positive changes and lands with vegetation cover with the rate of -29.1% have the most negative changes in the region and the trend of forest areas has been a downward one. Then, using the prediction model and classified images (1996-2016), the 2016 coverage map was predicted using the Earth-change model. After evaluating the model, the overall accuracy was 83.09 and the Kappa coefficient was shown to be 0.79, which indicates the high adaptation between the predicted map and the classified map. With the introduction of the land cover plan for 2016, the model for land-changeover, a 2025 land cover map was prepared. The results showed that 102 hectares of agricultural land and 178 hectares of vegetation cover had been reduced.

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in Iranian women, detected in 70% of cases when the disease has reached an advanced stage. The discovery of new diagnostic biomarkers is essential for the early detection of the disease. Cystatin C is a member of the cystatin family and a non-glycosylated, cysteine ​​protease inhibitor that is also used as a functional marker of the kidney.
To evaluate the serum cystatin C level in women with breast cancer compared with a control group and to verify this in the pathophysiological data of the patients.

This study was carried out on 88 women (44 patients with breast cancer and 44 healthy controls) referred to Reza radiotherapy and oncology center, Mashhad, Iran, in 2020. After recording demographic information and clinical studies, the serum cystatin C level was measured using an ELISA kit, and the data were analyzed with SPSS version 22.

The mean age of healthy controls was 48.48 years and patients 52.32 years. The patients had a mean BMI of 29.52 m2/kg, while the mean BMI for the controls was 24.37 m2/kg. Our results showed that the mean serum cystatin C level (ng/ml) in breast cancer patients was 0.555±0.413 versus 0.258±0.291 in the control group (P<0.001). Serum cystatin C levels was correlated with cancer stage (P = 0.029), tumor size (P = 0.002), tumor grade (P = 0.001). In the analysis by BMI, serum cystatin C level was significantly higher for both BMI>25 (P < 0.001) and BMI≤25 (P = 0.017) in breast cancer patients compared with the controls. Cystatin C also increases significantly in patients over 50 years (P < 0.001). No significant association was found between serum cystatin C level and lymph node involvement, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, or HER2. In the study of the ROC curve, sensitivity was equal to 65.9%, specificity 86.4%, positive predictive value 82.8% and negative predictive value 71.6%.

Cystatin C plays an important role in the pathophysiology of breast cancer and can be used as a diagnostic biomarker.

Workplace stress among employees has been known to impede work efficacy, a phenomenon usually referred to as burnout. Recently, there has been a growing research on this issue in educational contexts, particularly at pre-tertiary levels, giving rise to a need to do this kind of investigation at higher education level as well. As a response to this need, the present paper is a report of a case study aimed at examining the causes of burnout experienced by two Iranian EFL academics. The results of the thematic analysis of the interviews with the participants indicated five main conceptual categories associated with the subjects’ burnout experiences: Institutional demands, interpersonal problems, discordant outlooks, lack of student motivation, and lack of institutional supports. The discussion on each of these categories shed light on how these categories may contribute, in varying degrees of course, to the burnout among academics.

Among learning disorders, mathematics disorder can be mentioned. Mathematics disorders affect the ability to learn and apply mathematical concepts and skills.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of visual-spatial working memory intervention on emotional working memory of students with mathematics disorders.

This research was quasi-experimental study with the design of pre-test, post-test and control group. The statistical population was the whole students in primary schools, at risk for mathematics disorders in Alborz province in 2017-2018. The method of sampling was available sampling and consisted of 20 boy students and randomly assigned to experimental and control group. The experimental group received the visual-spatial working memory intervention in 24 sessions. Also, in order to evaluate mathematics disorders and emotional working memory, the Iran Key Math test (1988) and The Researcher made of Emotional working memory questionnaire (2018) were used. The gathered data were analyzed through covariance analysis with SPSS.

The results indicated that the visual-spatial working memory intervention improved the performance of working emotional memory in students (P<0.05)

According to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that the visual-spatial working memory intervention was effective on emotional working memory and computed mathematics performance (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division) in students.

 Oral pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a benign lesion that can occur due to chronic mild irritation, a traumatic surgical procedure, hormonal changes, certain medications, after bone marrow grafting, a response to a graft, etc. Two histopathological type of PG are lobular and non-lobular. This aimed to assess and compare the clinical, microscopic, and etiologic factors in the two type of PG.

 In this cross-sectional descriptive/analytical study, 214 samples of PG were selected from the Archives of the Pathology Department, Isfahan Dental School. Demographic, clinical, and microscopic data were collected by reviewing the files and slides. Data were analyzed with SPSS 24, using descriptive statistics, chi-squared test, Mann-Whitney test, Fisher‘s exact test, and t-test (α = 0.05).

 There were 47 lobular cases, with 167 non-lobular samples. Lesion sizes (p value = 0.035), location of lesions (p value < 0.001), mean vascular density (p value < 0.001), concentration of large endothelial cells (p value < 0.001), edema (p value = 0.007), inflammatory infiltration intensity (p value < 0.001), and vascular canalization (p value = 0.005) were significantly different between the two groups.

 The present study showed that some parameters between the two microscopic types of pyogenic granuloma were different significantly, accounting for the clinicopathological differences between two groups; this warrants further studies.

Problem statement:

 Squares and streets of a city are the main parts of the public spaces that are considered the showroom of the visual environment of a city. In the past, buildings in addition to being beautiful, they had been accommodated with their background, and with respect to the surrounding environment. Today, the view of many Iranian cities is chaotic and disturbed and this is a result of the heterogeneous and disoriented association of form, activity and space on a large scale, and on small scale, it is due to the lack of harmony and proportionality in the composition of elements of the buildings that are formed together.

The purpose of this study was to extract the effective factors on the promotion of formal aesthetics of urban facades and their application in redesigning of Enqelab street facade in Sanandaj- between Namaki junction and Enqelab square- that is located in the historical context and the Primary core of Sanandaj. Since this research seeks to apply the available basic knowledge, belongs to the field of applied research, and as this research attempts to apply some criteria for the measurement and analysis of the environmental quality, it is considered as descriptive-analytic research.

This research tries to acquire a deep understanding of the current state of the area in order to redesign and reinforce the form of urban facades. To achieve this goal, the research process has been carried out in 3 stages: First, we examine theories related to urban aesthetics, then identify the components of the urban landscape and explain the physical goal, and in the 3rd stage a parametric model for the measurement and analysis of visual quality in the urban landscape is presented.

The results of this research will be presented as a guideline for enhancing visual aesthetics of urban landscape design.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between purposeful organizational forgetting and organizational agility, with respect to the moderating role of competitive intelligence. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and is a survey in terms of its nature. The statistical population of the research is employees of banks in Kashmar. The data collection method was a questionnaire consisting of 48 questions and consists of three standard questionnaires: purposeful organizational forgetting, organizational agility and competitive intelligence. The statistical method used in this study is the structural equation method. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and Smart PLS software. Findings of the research show that there is a positive and significant relationship between purposeful organizational forgetting and organizational agility. Also, four of the components of competitive intelligence moderate the relationship between purposeful organizational forgetting and organizational agility.

Considering the increasing growth in health care costs along with the resources finitude; therefore, improving the efficiency and efficient use of resources is considered as one of the main priorities of the health system. The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of direct medical services affiliated with Iranian Social Security Organization using Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) Method in 2008-2015.

Materials & Methods

 In this descriptive- analytical study, performance of 30 units of direct medical services affiliated with Iranian Social Security Organization was analyzed using Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) Method. The number of active beds, physicians, nurses and staff were used as inputs and combined variables obtained from factor analysis were selected as output. Frontier version 4.1 was used to determine the efficiency and Stata version 14 was used to study the effective factors on efficiency.

The average technical efficiency of studied units was 0.816. Based on the value of index of likelihood ratio test ( LR = 100.45 ), Cobb-Douglas production function was selected as the best model.
 

Based on the findings of this study, adjusting surplus manpower, congenital planning for increasing efficiency and resource management should be the priority of the managers so that they can increase the level of efficiency of studied units and reduce the costs to the least possible.