فاطمه سمیعی راد

Jaundice is common in infants and occurs because of hyperbilirubinemia, which can lead to brain injury in neonates. Phototherapy, in addition to its serious side effects, does not seem to be enough in resolving jaundice. This clinical trial aims to compare the efficacy of orlistat and phototherapy combination therapy with that of phototherapy alone in the treatment of neonatal jaundice.

This clinical trial was performed on 120 term neonates with jaundice. Block randomization was used to allocate the infants to the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received orlistat (4 mg/kg body weight) for three consecutive oral doses at the first, second and third day of hospitalization, along with phototherapy. The control group received a placebo and phototherapy. Total and direct plasma bilirubin levels were measured at baseline (before intervention) as well as 24 and 72 h after treatment.

There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of infant sex, weight, or age. The mean total and direct bilirubin levels in the experimental group did not change compared to those in the control group at the end of the trial (10.44±1.35 vs. 10.6±2.8 and 0.4±0.1 vs. 0.5±0.1, respectively).

Orlistat appears to be ineffective in accelerating bilirubin reduction in neonates with jaundice, at least for the first three days of life.

Sepsis is the third most common cause of death, and the umbilical cord is a significant source of sepsis in the first month of life. This study aimed to compare the effect of Eau de Dalibour and distilled water on umbilical cord separation time and infection in neonates at Kowsar Hospital of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences.

This clinical trial was conducted on 76 infants in two groups of 38 people, using Eau de Dalibour and distilled water as a placebo. In the Eau de Dalibour group, 2-3 ml of the drug was used on the umbilical stump from 3 hours after birth and once every 12 hours until 2 days after the separation of the umbilical cord. In the distilled water group, the same procedure was done with distilled water. Finally, the time of separation of the umbilical cord and signs of infection in both groups were investigated and compared.

There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of gestational age, sex, or birth weight. Umbilical cord separation time was significantly shorter in the Eau de Dalibour group than in the placebo group (5.1±2.4 and 7.44±2.3 days respectively; p<0.001). There were no cases of infection in the intervention or placebo group.

According to the results of this study, the application of Eau de Dalibour to the remaining part of the cord reduces the cord separation time and can be used for safe and affordable cord care.

Neonatal jaundice is a common problem that leads to many problems such as encephalopathy and hearing loss, kernicterus and death. Due to the importance of preventing the potential complications of hyperbilirubinemia, the present study was performed to determine the level of total cord bilirubin in neonates and to compare with bilirubin three days after birth in Kowsar hospital in Qazvin.

In this prospective cross-sectional study, 100 neonates were evaluated in Kowsar hospital maternity ward and required information was prepared in checklists containing maternal variables (blood group,taking medicine) and the infant's data (name, sex, birth weight, gestational age, breast feeding and formula milk feeding, Apgar score, cord blood bilirubin level, and serum bilirubin level on the third day after birth) were obtained with informed consent and entered into a file by a trained individual. Cord blood samples were also taken to measure the level of bilirubin and to determine the blood group of neonates and venous blood samples were taken on the third day after birth. Data analysis was performed by using descriptive and statistical analysis(P<0.05).

The mean levels of total and direct bilirubin of neonates in birthday and third day were 2.8 ±1.00 and 0.31±0.10 and 13.13±2.53 and 0.29±0.14 mg/dl, respectively. In addition, cord albumin was also reported to be 3.2±0.64. The mean level of total bilirubin at birth and third day was not significantly different between boys and girls (p.value=0.92). There was a significant and direct correlation between maternal age and total cord blood bilirubin level (p.value=0.04), and also total bilirubin level at the third day of birth had a significant and direct correlation with the number of abortions (p.value=0.05). Moreover, the level of total bilirubin and third day of birth were inverse correlated with albumin level.

High risk neonates need more accurate follow-up for jaundice, because timely diagnosis and very simple treatment can reduce the potential risks of neonatal jaundice. The present study showed that cord total bilirubin levels compared with bilirubin three days after birth can be used as a suitable diagnostic method to accurately track neonates at risk of jaundice.

The range of nurseschr('39') plans in medical centers has changed their educational needs in the meantime, determining educational needs of nurses continuously is necessary. Therefore, the present study was designed and conducted to determine the educational needs of nursing staff in hospitals affiliated to Zanjan University of Medical Sciences.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on all nurses in hospitals and educational and medical centers affiliated to Zanjan University of Medical Sciences. 331 of these individuals were selected by simple random sampling. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect information in two sections: demographic information and questions related to specialized courses. Data were analyzed using descriptive indices, one-group t-test through SPSS.

Among 331 participants in the study, 182 (55%) were female nurses and 149 (45%) were male nurses. The mean age of participants was 32 years for women and 36 years for men. Four periods of adult resuscitation, mechanical ventilation, ECG interpretation and maternal resuscitation and preeclampsia with mean and standard deviation of 4.68±1.035, 4.38±0.801, 4.27±1.70 and 4.12±0.980, respectively had the highest mean among other periods.

Needs assessment of nurses as a target community along with using the opinion of nursing experts and managers can lead to greater effectiveness in developing courses.

Finding an efficient biomarker or combination of them as predictors of early-onset neonatal sepsis is very important. On the other hand, the use of umbilical cord blood samples in laboratory tests, along with its simplicity and availability, reflects neonate metabolic status.

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between umbilical cord blood laboratory findings with early onset neonatal sepsis.

In this cross-sectional analytical study, we evaluated 180 neonates, 90 infants susceptible to early onset sepsis, and 90 healthy neonates who were admitted in neonatal and  neonatal intensive care unit wards, between January 2015 and 2016   at Kosar Hospital. The data from these participants were obtained by a check list including  gender,  birth weight, gestational age, white blood cell count, neutrophil counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and reactive protein C (CRP) levels. Both descriptive and statistical analysis methods were applied. P value less than  0.05, statistically was significant.

Mean of ESR and neutrophil count in cord blood sample of suspected sepsis neonates was higher than well baby.  The mean of CRP levels in cord blood sample of suspected sepsis neonates slightly was higher than well baby. But there was no statistically significant difference between the CRP levels in both groups.

The results of this study showed that  the laboratory findings used in combination with each other as an early predictor of neonatal sepsis was  reliable.

Jaundice (hyperbilirubinemia) is one of the most common clinical complaints during infancy among term and premature infants during the first week of life. Phototherapy is an effective and accepted treatment for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, which may be associated with complications such as skin, eye and electrolyte disorders. This study was performed to compare the effect of phototherapy with oral calcium versus phototherapy alone in the treatment of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in healthy term infants.

This clinical trial study was performed on 50 healthy term infants with jaundice (serum bilirubin 6.9-21 mg/dL). Neonates were randomly divided into intervention (50 mg/kg body weight of oral calcium with phototherapy) and control (phototherapy) groups. Data related to age, gender, birth weight, gestational age, number of hospitalization days and bilirubin level at the beginning of hospitalization and at 24, 48 and 72 hours were collected and compared in a checklist.

Decrease in total bilirubin level was observed with a significant difference between the two groups (p=0.000). The mean unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia showed significant difference in the intervention group (2.1±0.5 mg/dl) and the control group (2.6±1.3 mg/dl) (p=0.03). The changes in unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in repeated measures was also significant in the intervention group (p=0.01).

The results of the study showed that oral calcium with phototherapy may be effective in reducing neonatal jaundice.

Studies have shown that student-centered practices and the integration of relevant courses increase the quality of teaching and learning. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of problem-based teaching method for presentation of pathology course.

 In this interventional and semi-experimental study, the part of pathology course teaching was performed traditionally and other parts of it presented with clinical cases and problem-based methods for 75 medical students of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences. In both cases, a pre-test was performed. At the end of the teaching, as well as two weeks after training, the students were evaluated by re-examination. Differences between the mean scores of these two methods were analyzed by a statistical test.

 Out of 75 students, 37 were 49.3% male and the rest were females. The scores obtained from the two methods showed that the mean scores of the students in the post-test and the test two weeks after the training in the problem-based method were statistically significantly different from the traditional method (p < 0.0001). It also increased students' satisfaction with education.

These results indicate that pathology teaching with clinical cases and through a problem-based approach improves students' average scores and satisfaction.

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) is the most common complaint of referrals to the gynecology clinic. This study aimed to investigate and compere histopathological, findings in in patients with AUB witch refered to Kosar Hospital. This descriptive-analytic study was performed in Kosar Hospital of Qazvin, on 887 cases of Abnormal Uterus Bleeding, that going under diagnostic curettage through2007-2016. All demographic, clinical, ultrasonographic and histopathological endometrial examination results were recorded in a checklist. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 19 using Chi-square or t- test. The most common types of Abnormal Uterus Bleeding were menometrorrhagia (32.7%) and then metrorrhagia (31%). Based ultrasonography result, endometrial thickness was 51% of patients in the reproductive range. The most pathologic pattern in these patients were endometrial; proliferative disorders (33.6%), followed by secretive (15.8%) and polyp (14.9%). The relation between ultrasound and pathologic findings with age range and type of AUB, and ultrasound with pathologic findings were statistically significant (P <0.05). Histopathological evaluation helps to provide clear information about the AUB and its causes and early diagnosis.

Spirituality is one of the complex and multi-dimensional aspects of human experience and has empirical knowledge and behavior. Spiritual distress and crises can have an adverse effect on their physical and mental health. On the other hand, diseases caused spiritual distress for the patient and her family. The problem in patients with chronic diseases such as cancer is more important. This review aims to provide an overview of spiritual health in cancer patients. The study is a descriptive - prospective, which conducted on 1442 cancer patients diagnosed in the Department of Pathology of Rajai, Kosar and Velayat Hospitals in the period from November 2011 to December 2015 by census method. Data were collected by using Palutzian Ellison spiritual health questionnaire. Both descriptive and statistical analysis methods were applied. P <0.05 The average age of 1465 patients was 56± 66/74 (age range 26 to 81). 850 (58%) patients were male. The results showed that spiritual health level of 21% of patients were at intermediate level, 55 percent on average, and 23 percent were at a high level. Religious health scores of the patients were higher than that of health existence. Between demographic variables and spiritual health (P=0.65) no significant association was not found. But between the rate of cancer progression and spiritual health, statistically significant correlation was found (P=0.04). Pay attention to spirituality in patients with chronic diseases, is an important index. Doctors need were familiar with all aspects of the involved factors in disease include psychological, physical and spiritual. Therapeutic interventions should be including spiritual advice on prevention, medical treatment and complementary care. In addition, basic elements of spiritual advices should be considered in routine medical screening.

Today, despite many optimal imaging methods for evaluation of ovarian mass, the survival rate of patient was not significantly changed. Object of present study was evaluation of Clinico Ultra- Sonography and pathological findings of ovarian masses in patients referred to Kosar Hospital. In this analytic study, information of clinico Ultra-Sonography and pathological findings was obtained from the 874 women with ovarian mass reffered to the hospital in Kasar Hospital from 2007 to 2017 by checklist. Both descriptive and analytical statistical methods were used (P < 0.05). In this study, of the total ovarian masses, 4.5% or 39 were malignant, 70.6%, or 617 benign, 5.9%, or 52 borderline. The relationship between clinical findings and radiological findings is statistically significant. The relationship between clinical presentation and pathologic categorization of ovarian masses was significant.. The association between radiological findings and type of ovarian mass in terms of origin was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The prediction of malignant potential of ovarian masses, while providing necessary measures and the extent of surgery, prevents unnecessary offensive action. Considering recent advances in imaging techniques, especially ultrasound, and its proper precision in distinguishing benign tumors from malignant, using this method to predict the type of pathology is necessary.

Addiction is a disease that individual continuous repeated her Behavior that's bad side effect. Today increase of use drug is an increasing concern for all communities. Studies have shown there is a relationship between substance abuse and psychiatric disorders. This study was performed to compare rates of depression in patients with drug-dependent and non-dependent. The present study was cross-sectional, descriptive – comparative, which has done in Qazvin, during 2009 – 2012. The study population was included 120 males (60 addicted and 60 normal subjects).Demographic information is completed with a demographic checklist. For study of depression rate, the Beck depression questionnaire was used. For statistical analysis, chi-square and t-test were applied. Study showed that depression severity comparison between the two groups was statistically significant and the severity of depression in patients with substance was more. Also association between demographic variable education level and employment status, with depression was statistically, significant. < 0.05. According to the results of this study, since the depression in substance abusers were more compared with the normal group, therefore pay special attention to addicts in all levels of society is needed. Also due to the significant relationship between education level and employment status with addiction, should be in prevent or reduce drug abuse policies and programs, these factors paid more attention.

Conjunctivitis is a scleral inflammation. Infectious conjunctivitis is one of the most common neonatal ocular diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological characteristics of accuired acute conjunctivitis in infants addmitted to Kowsar hospital in Qazvin.

In this retrospective descriptive study, 642 neonates with positive microbial culture were hospitalized in Kowsar Hospital from March 2009 to March 2014 and evaluated. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data (Culture and gram stainng results) were collected and analyzed bySPSS (version 19).

The present study suggested that conjunctivitis appeared within the first week. The incidence of conjunctivitis was at its highest rate in premature babies or those who were delivered by Cesarean. The most outbroken organisms involved in the culture of ocular secretion sampleswere Staphylococcus (Methicillin-resistant aureus Staphylococcus (26%)), Methicillin-sinsitive (26%) and Staphylococcus aureus Epidermidis (12.6%), Klebsiella (22.3%), Escherichia coli (16.2%) and Enterobacter (13.6%).

According to studies, infectious conjunctivitis is a common eye disease in hospitalized infants, so it is important to take it serious and follow up the health care and research programs to reduce the rate of this kind of disease.

Sexual dysfunctions are the most common problem in women during reproductive life and pregnancy is associated with physiological changes in sexual function.. This study aimed to evaluate the sexual quality of life of women during pregnancy.
This cross-sectional study conducted on a sample of pregnant women referred to a teaching hospital affiliated to Qazvin University of Medical Sciences from October 2012 to July 2014. The data from these participants were obtained by a questionnaire consisting of three parts: demographic, history of obstetric information and sexual quality of life for women (SQOL-F). Women were followed-up during the 9-month in three trimester quarter. Data were analyzed by statistical tests (chi-square, t-test, and analysis of variance).
A total of 300 women participated in the study with an average age of 2 .29 ± 4.13 years. The results showed that as pregnancy progressed, sexual quality of life decreased significantly (P=0.03).
The results showed that the sexual quality of life in pregnancy in the first, second and third trimesters varied and as pregnancy progressed sexual quality of life declined. Since sexual quality of life is an important issue in couple’s relationships, consultation for better adaptation to the physical and psychological changes during pregnancy seems essential.

Aims: Silver sulfadiazine is widely used for burning wound. Studies have shown that, dressing wounds with placental membrane can accelerate their healing. Our objective was to evaluate the recovery of second-degree burns in male rats that treated with topical Silver sulfadiazine-impregnated placental amniotic membrane.
In this experimental study, 64 male rats were divided into 4 similar groups. In all rats, the second degree burn was induced under general anesthesia. Wound dressing in the first group (control) included simple dressing, but amniotic membrane in second group, and Silver sulfadiazine in third group and in the fourth group it was Silver sulfadiazine impregnated amniotic membrane. At the end of the 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day, under the general anesthesia, the tissue biopsies were taken from burns and microscopic evaluation was done. Data were analyzed statistically using ANOVA and P less than 0.05 was considered as significant.
Findings: In treated groups, the PMN leukocyte count was significantly lower than control (p Considering the biological effects of the ammonium membrane, it is recommended to use it as an effective dressing method to accelerate burn wound healing.

Obesity and the associated consequences is a major health concern. Infertility is considered as one of the most important health problems. Studies have shown that there is a relationship between obesity and infertility. Obesity causes hormonal disturbance and also interferes with the normal ovulation process.

This study investigated the relationship between obesity and risk factors for infertility.

this study is a comparative analytical one done on 200 women (100 women infertile and 100 fertile women), admitted to Kowsar hospital in Qazvin during 2013-2015. Sampling method was simple. Tool for data collection was a check list including: demographic data, blood pressure, BMI and the waist to hip ratio, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. Statistical analysis was done using descriptive and analytical methods in spss.16.

The results showed mean body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio between the two groups were significantly different (P

The present study revealed a positive association between infertility and increased lipid profile in infertile women. Therefore, due to the increasing prevalence of obesity in the society, we need to pay special attention to this issue and take into account public awareness and lifestyle change programs.

Due to the high prevalence of malignancy, accurate diagnosis of thyroid nodules is important. In this study, accuracy of sonography and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) in diagnosis of thyroid nodules were evaluated.
This cross-sectional study was performed on 80 patients with thyroid nodules referred to Qazvin hospitals in 2015. Clinical information and results of sonography, cytopathology and histopathology of the nodes were recorded. SPSS software and the Kappa Coefficient were used for analysis of data. Also the area under the curve and the confidence intervals were reported using ROCK chart.
Sonography results of 80 patients showed 37.5% malignancy and 52.5% benign cases. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPP and accuracy of sonography were 100%, 65%, 100%, 89.6% and 91.25%, respectively. The diagnosis based on FNAC was as following: two Non-diagnostic cases, 47 benign cases, three cases of atypia with undetermined significance, seven cases of suspicious for a follicular neoplasm, six cases with suspicious malignancy and 15 malignancy cases. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPP were 100%, 87%, 95% and 100%, respectively. Also the accuracy was 96.25%.
FNAC is more accurate than sonography and it is assumed a more cost-effective method for diagnosis of thyroid nodules.

Patient rights Charter formalized to ensure appropriate care of patients. In this regards, increased satisfaction of patients related to promoting the quality of health care and this can be achieved by implementing patient rights Charter. This study aimed to evaluate the patient's awareness and their satisfaction of implementing patient rights at Kowsar Hospital in Qazvin.
This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted on 565 female patients during 2014-2015. Data collection tool consisted of a questionnaire in 3 sections including demographic information, awareness of the rights and satisfaction of implementing the charter of rights. The questionnaire validity and reliability was confirmed by content validity and split-half method respectively (r=0.87).Data were analyzed by using Descriptive statistics and non-parametric test(Spearmans correlation test, kruskal- wallis test) through SPSS software.
based on results, the average of awareness score and satisfaction score was 7.325±2.4 and 3.89± 1.8 respectively, which represent a moderate awareness and poor satisfaction. The results showed that satisfaction in different age groups was not statistically significant difference with awareness (P=0.991) but there is a significant difference in satisfaction between different age groups (P=0.000). There is also a statistically significant difference between different levels of education with awareness (P=0.000), but there is not a significant difference in satisfaction between different educational levels (P=0.122). Finally, there was no statistically significant relationship between awareness and satisfaction scores (P = 0.158, r= 0.059).
patients awareness and satisfaction of patient rights provision was not appropriate, so, educational planning for promoting knowledge and attitude of patient about patient right Charter by hospital quality managers is necessary. This change in patient’s attitude will increase the demand for implementing patient right Charter and thus increase the level of satisfaction.

Preeclampsia is one of the most common complications in pregnancy and a main cause of death in the perinatal period. The early diagnosis of severe disease form is important. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the serum high sensitive C - reactive protein (hs-CRP) and severity of preeclampsia.
This cross-sectional study conducted between 2013 October -2014 February in third trimester pregnant women that had been admitted to Qazvin Kosar Hospital they were divided into three groups as: the first included 50 healthy pregnant women (control), the second included 45 women with mild preeclampsia and the third group included 42 women with severe pre-eclampsia. Blood pressure was measured after at least 10 minutes resting in a sitting position. Blood samples were taken six hours after admission and the hs-CRP measured by immunoturbidometric method using bionic kit. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, x2 and Kruskal-Wallis tests.
The average serum levels of hs-CRP were 2.4 in the control, 8.7 in the mild and 32.6 in the severe preeclampsia groups and this difference were significant in all the three groups.
According to the results, it seems that the serum levels of hs-CRP can be used in the prediction and diagnosis of the severity of preeclampsia.

Salvia nanoparticles have many biological effects. In this study the effect of silver nanoparticles using are examined on the serum concentrations of Glucose, triglyceride levels and the activity of aspartate amino transferase and alanine amino transferase enzymes in male rats.
30 Male Wistar rats weighing 150 to 180 g were divided in the 3 groups, include: control, first experimental group [ppm30 of silver nanoparticles] and the second experimental group [ppm 60 of silver nanoparticles]. In the end of treatment the animals were anesthetized and blood samples were taken directly from the heart and biochemical parameters in serum were measured after blood centrifugation. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey test and P Serum levels of glucose, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase of male rats that treated with different doses of silver nanoparticles had no significant changes in comparison to control group. The use of silver nanoparticles in both doses of 30 and 60 ppm significantly decreased the serum triglyceride levels in rats.
The silver nanoparticles may be harmless for the liver at low amount, and it could be used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia.

Involving the parents in caring of premature newborns is one of the best and effective manners for preventing the hospitalization of premature newborns. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of mother – baby skin- to- skin care on neonatal outcomes in preterm infants, in Kosar hospital.
This was a descriptive comparative study conducted on 400 nulliparous women with premature infants admitted to neonatal intensive care unit of Kosar hospital during April 2012 and March 2015. Sampling was performed via convenience sampling. Sample population divided into two groups, one of them 200, the kangaroo care and non- care groups. The data were obtained by a researcher prepared check list, including mother’s demographic characteristics and neonatal outcomes. Both descriptive and statistical analysis methods were applied. For analyzing the data, chi-square test, t-test, and logistic regression tests was applied (P The results showed that neonatal outcomes such as birth weight, frequency of breastfeeding, length of hospitalization of infants, re-admission, needing incubator and oxygen aid, hospital acquired infections, jaundice and hypoglycemia were significantly lower in the intervention group (P0.05). In the intervention group, the relationship between maternal variables and neonatal outcome was significant (P Mother – baby skin- to- skin care has a positive effect on neonatal outcomes. Thus, supporting and awareness of premature infants’ mothers in order to implement this type of care can reduce the neonatal complications. Moreover, it is effective in decreasing the treatment costs.

Gestational diabetes is one of the main problems in pregnancy and is associated with undesirable pregnancy outcomes. Self-efficacy has a significant effect on adherence andcontrolling blood glucose. The present study investigates the self-efficacy relationship with maternal and
neonatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes. A descriptive study was performed on 100 primiparous pregnant women withgestational diabetes in Qazvin Kowsar Hospital during April to June 2013. The data collection tool was aself-efficacy diabetic questionnaire. Gestational diabetes was diagnosed on the basis of the criteria of the
American Diabetes Association 2014 (ADA). Criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus performed byfour indexes included HbA1C, fasting plasma glucose, 2-h plasma glucose, and symptoms ofhyperglycemia with plasma glucose in a random sample. Data were analyzed using descriptive andi nferential statistics (chi square test, independent t-test, ANOVA) using SPSS V. 16 software. Results showed that 47% of women had high self-efficacy and 53% had low self-efficacy. Women with higher education and employed women had higher self-efficacy (P Discussion and According to our study, a substantial percentage of subjects had low selfefficacy (53%). Educational and counseling interventions to enhance self-efficacy in pregnant womenwith gestational diabetes can lead to better self-care and outcomes of pregnancy.

Background/ One of the main tasks of faculty members is research that as a primary need for professional development is recognized. Thus, we attempted to investigate research accountability of faculty members. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among all faculty members. Questionnaire collected information included personal characteristics, personal obstacles, internal, external organizations barriers and the nature of scientific research. Both descriptive and statistical analysis methods were applied. Internal organizations barriers to the mean and SD 29/54 ± 08/50 points in the first place, nature and methods of scientific research with 03/6 ± 63/55 points in the second rank, personal obstacles with 1/5 ± 64/58 points in the third and external organizations factors with the 9/11 ± 5/64 points in the final rankings were. Improvement the research status dependent on creates a centralized research structure to coordinate intra and extra organization research activities.

Education leads to learning، but depth and stability of various methods of training are different. CPR training should concentrate on making and problem-solving skills in an emergency situation. Proper training and effective performance of neonatal resuscitation can be effective in reducing 99% of neonatal deaths in developing countries can be reduced. The aim of this study، providing two methods of clinical staff training and comparing the effect of these two methods on their knowledge and practice. In this intervening، quasi-experimental study، 80 clinical staff randomly are divided into two groups. The first group were trained with manual teaching method using CD، the second group were trained with the two days workshop (first day: theoretical and practice on model، second day: faced with the real environment for neonate CPR. Of the unit''s research، pre-and post-tests were performed on both group using a man -made questionnaire (α Alpha 83. 0) and check list to determine level of awareness and levels of performance respectively. To determine validity and reliability of the checklist، content validity and test-retest were used respectively. Then، the mean scores were compared with independent t-test and paired t- test. Comparison of mean scores of pre-test and post-test in two scopes of knowledge (P=0/01، t=5. 8) and practice (P=0. 01، t=9. 3) at the two groups showed significant difference which represents effect of the education on both groups. According to higher difference of the mean scores at the workshop''s method، it seems that person-centered method has enhanced the knowledge and skills clinical staff at the newborn CPR field. Another reasons that can be expressed، use of instructional aides such model and practical work in a space similar to clinical conditions that is effective on the stability of learning.

The Neonatal Jaundice is a common and benign disease. With early discharge, many newborns have to be readmitted to hospital for evaluation and treatment of hyperbilirubinemia. In these situations, the main concern is the prevention of development of kernicterus. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between Bilirubin, NRBC and Reticulocyte levels of umbilical cord blood with Neonatal Hyperbillirubinemia in Kosar Hospital of Qazvin. in this analytical-descriptive study, a representative sample of 74 healthy full-term newborns that were heavier than 2500 grams and were born in spring 2011, were investigated. Cord blood was taken from umbilical cord for analysis of NRBC, Reticulocyte and Bilirubin levels, then newborns were monitored in terms of developing jaundice by clinical and laboratory evaluations in the fifth day. The cord blood level of NRBC and Reticulocyte in icteric newborns which required phototherapy was significantly higher than non-icteric newborns. The sensitivity and specificity of NRBC that were more than 5.5% for prediction of jaundice development were 66% and 90%, respectively (p<0.000). The above findings for Reticulocyte percentage more than 6.5% were 73% and 60%, respectively, (p<0.001). The routine evaluation of Bilirubin level in umbilical cord is not as effective for screening and recognition of high risk of Neonates. Instead, cord NRBC and Reticulocyte levels could be used.

The most important characteristics and attributes «information and communication technology ((ICT» based on producing, processing and disseminating. The use of Web-based training courses as complement are preparing flexible education system for development scientific content and increasing depth learning. In present study we assessing the view point of faculty members about requirements to implementation multimedia techniques- based learning. This qualitative study was performed by structured interview through 15 educational informants. The information attains procedure of producing multimedia content for effective education. We inquire the amount of necessary training through web, and the necessities of educational multimedia content preparation. Use of multimedia content has a positive impact on the quality and speed learning, increase motivation, reduce the cost of learning and support self study. This possibility facilities access to resources and information. For the multimedia content is essential to respect the predisposing conditions. Combining multimedia projects with classroom training lead to facilitate "teaching – learning” process. Teachers can utilize it with careful planning and use of available facilities.