محمدرضا نوری امامزاده ای

Climate changes have led to drought stress, which is a threat to the production of agricultural products, including pomegranate, which is one of the important horticultural products of Iran. This research aimed at to evaluate the effects of low water stress on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of pomegranate in a factorial experiment in the form of a completely randomized design with two factors including irrigation level (100, 75, 55 and 35% of field capacity) and five pomegranate cultivars (‘Rabab Niriz’, ‘Malas Momtaz Saveh’, ‘Malas Yusef Khani’, ‘Tabrizi’ and ‘Wonderful’). The results showed that low water stress decreased the relative water content (35% decrease), cell membrane stability (42.9% decrease), chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll, and increased carotenoid (19.5% increase), flavonoid (7.9% increase), total soluble carbohydrate (23.9 percent increase) and total phenol (21.4 percent increase), at the level of 35 percent of the field capacity compared to the control. Among the cultivars, ‘Wonderful’ had the highest relative content of water, chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll, carotenoid, membrane stability and total phenol based on ellagic acid, which has effective roles in activity of the non-enzymatic antioxidant and defense system of this cultivar, in comparison with cultivar ‘Tabrizi’ that showed less tolerance to stress compared with other pomegranate cultivars.

Drought stress is one of the limiting factors of agriculture in many parts of the world, especially Iran. Understanding the mechanism behind drought stress’ effect on physiological and biochemical processes of genotypes is very useful for selecting and breeding genotypes compatible with Iranian conditions. For this purpose, the present study has been conducted in 2018-2019 in the Biotechnology Research Institute of Shiraz University to investigate the effect of drought stress on physiological and biochemical characteristics of both years’ old pomegranate seedlings of Wonderful cultivar in greenhouse conditions. Irrigation has been carried out at four levels of 100% (control), 75%, 55%, and 35% of field capacity for 50 days. The experiment is based on a completely randomized design with three replications. The results show that drought stress has significantly increased carotenoids, flavonoids, malondialdehyde, and proline. The relative leaf water content, cell membrane stability and anthocyanins has decreased, though there has been no significant difference in chlorophyll and glycine betaine levels between drought treatments. Also, the hydrogen peroxide (81%) and activity of superoxide dismutase (480%), catalase (96%), and ascorbate peroxidase (96%) in 35% of field capacity significantly has increased. According to the results of this study, especially the increase in proline and antioxidant enzymes under drought stress, tolerance mechanisms in pomegranate cultivar Wonderful can be associated with active osmotic regulation and active enzymatic antioxidant system.

Water scarcity is the most important problem in agricultural development, especially in arid areas. Therefore, the study of strategies to increase water use efficiency must be considered. Providing methods to control and reduce soil evaporation can be a suitable way to increase water use efficiency. Soil surface Evaporation can be considered as the main part of water balance components in arid areas that cause water wastage. One of the ways to control and reduce evaporation from the soil is to use natural amendments. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of three minerals including bentonite, vermiculite and zeolite on the amount and intensity of evaporation from the soil surface in a period of 4 months from Tir (July) to Mehr (October).

This study was conducted as a completely randomized design (CRD) with 10 treatments and three replications at Shahrekord University. The studied treatments in this research include 3 types of natural amendments (bentonite, vermiculite and zeolite) at three levels of 0.5, 1 and 2% with a control treatment (soil without any amendment). These natural minerals were mixed in soil of whole pots. The amount of evaporation was measured by measuring the amount of irrigation water of each pot and outlet water of them and based on the water balance equation. Moisture content was measured with a hygrometer at two depths of 5 and 15 cm. Finally, the soil moisture characteristic curve for each treatment by using of pressure plate was obtained and compared.

The results showed that among the three studied minerals, the highest reduction in soil evaporation was related to bentonite. The two minerals vermiculite and zeolite also significantly reduced evaporation compared to the control treatment, but the difference between them was not significant. Among the studied treatments, the highest reduction effect on evaporation was observed in 2% bentonite mixed with soil and the lowest effect was observed in 0.5% zeolite treatment. This treatment did not show a significant difference with the control, but 2% bentonite treatment significantly reduced the rate of evaporation compared to the control by 6.4%. The results the soil moisture in the treatments was the opposite of the evaporation results. In the treatments where the evaporation rate was lower, the moisture content increased. Due to the significant effect of the three minerals on the soil moisture, the soil moisture curve in the studied treatments has also changed compared to the control.

The use of natural soil amendment in addition to preventing soil contamination, helps to improve soil structure to reduce evaporation. Overall, due to the highest effect of using 2% bentonite on significant decreasing of soil evaporation therefore, this soil amendment can be recommended to control of evaporation from soil.

Clogging of emitters is one of the main problems in subsurface drip irrigation. The objective of this study was investigation of effect of Geocomposite on wetting pattern in subsurface irrigation system. This research was conducted in lysimeters located at Shahrekord University research field. The study was conducted as a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with 10 treatments and three replications of three factors. The first factor of experiment was geocomposite shape with the same area on two levels (shape square with dimensions (4 × 4) square centimeters and rectangular with dimensions (2 × 8) square centimeters), the second factor was combination of geocomposite material on two levels (two layers of geotextile on both sides of Geonet and The second level, a layer of geomembrane and a layer of geotextile on both sides of geonet), the third factor of placement in the soil at on two position (horizontal and vertical) and emitter with envelopment (in two position horizontal and vertical) were used as control. The ground wet and wet the maximum of soil depth profiles were measured. The results was showed that geocomposite of shape square with dimensions (4 × 4) square centimeters for a layer of geomembrane and a layer of geotextile on both sides and how to align horizontally in the soil wet ground level by lowering the 21.55 percent and increased 17.1 percent wet the soil deep profile compared to control (emitter with envelopment horizontally in the soil) is the most effective and best conditions on wetting profiles.

Tide induced head fluctuation has been considered by many researchers in coastal areas. In this paper, a numerical solution has been developed for an inhomogeneous multi-layered aquifer. This aquifer system comprises an unconfined aquifer on the top, a semi-confined aquifer at the bottom, and an aquitard between them. This coastal aquifer is bounded by coast in longitudinal direction; the coastal boundaries are parallel to each other. The results showed that the amplitude of unconfined aquifer head increases with increase of leakage, however, the amplitude of head fluctuation decreases in the semi-confined aquifer. In addition, the results of analytical solution, the head fluctuation in unconfined aquifer decreases with increase of dimensionless storage coefficient, however, it is almost constant in confined aquifer. Also, increase of dimensionless transmissivity increases the groundwater head fluctuation in both aquifers. Temporal head fluctuation illustrated that time lag has not significant changes, and is greater for semi-confined aquifer with respected to confined aquifer. Comparison between numerical and analytical solutions showed that there is little difference between.

Water scarcity is the most important limiting factor in the production of crops in arid and semi-arid regions. Thus, actions for increasing the efficiency and productivity of farm water is inevitable. A large proportion of the water, used in irrigation, evaporates, so an effective solution for conserving water is to control the evaporation on arable lands. Nowadays using mulch or plastic mulch is common and it makes efficient use of water in furrow irrigation possible by conserving and storing soil moisture. Mulch does not let dry air contact topsoil and it also prevents topsoil from solar irradiance and reduces evaporation and maintain soil moisture. Recent research in order to economize on water use and irrigation efficiency and water use efficiency has led. Thus, regarding the problem of water scarcity, the objective of this research is to investigate the effects of evaporation suppressing monolayers on the efficiency of water consumption and growth indices of seed corn single cross SC 704 in an arid and semi-arid region.
This research was conducted in Shahrekord University during 2015. The experimental design was randomized complete block design with 6 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments include control treatment (uncovering) and transparent plastic wrap, black plastic, cotton gunny and white and blue pp woven fabric. Planting and growing operations were conducted due to agronomic principles. Changes in soil moisture within the root-zone during the season were measured by using thetaprobe and all operations by measuring the amount of irrigation water used in all experimental plots of each treatment were applied separately using flow measurement and the amount and time of each irrigation was determined and applied based on MAD=50 by supplying required water.
The measurement results showed that variance analysis of relative water content (RWC) and water efficiency under the impact of different coverings had a significance difference with p-value of 0.01. Also the amount of the dry matter and harvest index of corn showed significance with p-value of 0.05. Results showed that mulch at all stages of measuring the impact of increasing the leaf relative water content it could originate from growing trend of air temperature during the period. Under these treatments the plants are expected to experience more desirable conditions regarding maintaining and distributing of soil moisture in comparison with other treatments and the indicator. The highest amount of dry matter calculated is for the blue pp woven fabric treatment that shows the ideal growth conditions and appropriate performance of the plant under the impact of this covering and the lowest amount is for the cotton gunny treatment. Leaf area index (LAI) is one of the important growth indices. In flowering (anthesis) stage, the maximum amount of LAI is 5.08 for the blue pp woven fabric treatment. The minimum amount of LAI is 2.5 for the cotton gunny treatment and it is because of There macroporous coating that weed growth has been hindering plant growth. On the basis of the hundred seed weight, the heaviest weight is 18.18 for the white plastic treatment and the lowest weight is 13.46 for the indicator treatment. The highest amount of harvesting index (HI) is 53.97 for the transparent plastic treatment and the lowest amount is 41.12 for the black plastic treatment.The corresponding amount is an increase of 32 percent compared to control treatment. The reason of reduction of HI is the reduction of seed performance than biological performance in water scarcity. One of the indices for evaluating irrigation management is water efficiency. The highest amount of water efficiency is 2.6 and 2.7 kg/m3for the blue pp woven fabric and white pp woven fabric covering and it reduces water wastage in form of evaporation and causes water conservation. And it protects the top soil from solar irradiance.
This research was conducted at Shahrekord University to investigate the effects of various coverings on water efficiency and corn seed performance. Using covering causes temperature growth in the soil under the covering and it also causes further and fast plant growth. It reduces evaporation from topsoil. As a result, it causes soil moisture to be invariable and because of lack of light under the coverings, photosynthesis is impossible, thus, weeds could not grow. Blue pp woven fabric of mulch to mulch increased 42% dry matter was cotton sack. Mulches effect of the corn harvest index showed a clear plastic mulch to increase 32 percent harvest index compared to the control. Mulches blue pp woven fabric, white pp woven fabric, cotton gunny, black plastic and transparent plastic, respectively, increases of 92, 85, 28, 14 and 78 percent of water use efficiency were compared to control.Therefore, plants under the impact of blue pp woven fabric and white pp woven fabric coverings access more water and nutrients than the indicator treatment, so water efficiency increases. Using coverings has conserved moisture more in the top layers of soil by reducing evaporation form topsoil.

Rice is one of the cereals that are widely used food in the world as staple.Rice is the largest consumer of water among agricultural products.At the field level, rice receives up to 2–3 times more water per hectare than other irrigated crop for producing of one kilogram of rice.Accordingto water resources limitation in Iran, According to water resources limitation in Iran, careful planning is essential to optimal use of water resources in agriculture as the largest consumer. One of the methods to reduce water consumption in rice cultivationis changing the traditional irrigation methods (flooding) to periodic irrigation. Change of management from traditional water-logging irrigation to unsaturated improves the irrigation water use efficiency. Due to water scarcity problems, the aim of this study was to evaluate controlled drainage and the impact of irrigation management on growth characteristics and yield components of rice in the arid and semi-arid.
To Considering the effect of water table level on water productivity in rice cultivation, the study was done in Shahrekord university. The experiments conducted in pots with 40 cm diameter and 45 cm hight. The experiment was arranged following a completely randomized design with four treatments (water table level) and five repetitions. The water table managements including: control water table 2 cm on the top of the soil (FI),the control water table 20 cm below the soil surface (CD20), control water table 36 cm below the soil surface (CD36) and Intermittent irrigation(AI). Tocontroll the water level, two tanks were used, one as stabilizer water table and another to measure the amount of water used. The Treatmentsares are completely water logging for a week, in second week treatments were applied. Sampled four times during the growing season was performed to determine the dry matter content of leaf, stem and leaf relative swelling and at the end of the growing season, the volume of water consumed, harvest index, the amount of grain produced and thousand grain weight was measured and recorded. The data obtained were analyzed using SAS software and LSD test was performed for comparison of means.
The results showed reduced yield treatments for CD20, CD36 and AI for each unit reduction in water consumption respectively as much 0.36, 0.46 and 0.38 units. Also results showed irrigation management caused significantly decrease in swelling relative only in the first and Second measuring stages respectively at the 5 percent level and in the fourth measuring stages at 1 percent level. Dry matter productive also was reduced under irrigation management in the Second and fourth measuring stages respectively in 1st and 3rd measuring stages at the 5 percent level. The impacts of irrigation management are no statistically significant on the rice harvest index and thousand grain weights but water consumption was reduced in CD20, CD36 and AI. Resulted to increment 5 percent water use efficiency based on performance and a significant increase 1 percent in the efficiency of water use was based on biomass. The highest and lowest harvses index belongs to FI (39.1) and CD36 (35.4) respectly. The highest and lowest thousand grain weights belong to FI (1247 kg/ha) and CD36 (1101 kg/ha) respectly.
High water Stress causes roots gone to sleep and their growth will slow after re-watering. Water scarcity is not only the hinder root growth but causes the root fuzzy and reduce its ability to absorb substances. The results showed that water reduction, a significant decrease in grain yield not occurred, Lack significant differences in grain yield mean that the water supply was adequate at all levels and in none of irrigation regimes, the plant was not affected by water stress and plant roots grown have enough at critical stages that needs greater water and has access to available water at greater depths. Results showed that T2 (control water table level at 20 cm below surface of soil) for each unit reduction in water consumption, 0.36 units reduces seed productionand 16% reduction in the amount of dry matter, That these lowest values are in the between treatments. With this irrigation management and reduce water consumption by 23% compared to control treatment area under cultivation can increased by as much as 30% and the grain production increase from 3424 to 4210 Kg per hectare.

Application of mulches not only affects the physical and chemical properties of soil, but improves infiltration maintenance. In this study, evaluated during four month, the effects of wheat straw, maize straw, sawdust, leaves and superab A200 on the soil physical properties including soil bulk density, capacity water in the soil and cumulative infiltration. The effects of mulch compared in both cases tillage and no tillage, under modle complete block randomized design experiment with split plot in time. Results showed Mulch reduces bulk density but over time, bulk density in all mulchs except of superab A200, were increasing. Use mulch experiments increased water-holding capacity of the soil. In case tillage treatments, wheat straw and in case no tillage treatments superab A200 increasing water-holding capacity. After time increase cumulative infiltration in the wheat straw, maize straw and superab A200 significantly, compared to sawdust and leave mulches.

In arid and semi-arid regions due to restriction of access to fresh water resources for agricultural production, the major source of irrigation water is salt water. It was argued that the use of magnetic technology and salt water pass through a magnetic field can be helped to improve crop yield where salt water is used. In this regard to investigate effect of salt water passes through the magnetic field on the growth characteristics and yield components of green pepper, an experiment was conducted as completely randomized with split plot design by six treatments and three replications at University of Shahrekord in the summer of 2013. Treatments included two water levels (magnetic and non-magnetic) and salinity at three levels (0.3, 2.3 and 4.2 dS/m). The results showed that magnetic water increases of 12, 19 and 33 percent of the total fruit yield in irrigation water with salinity respectively 0.3, 2.3 and 4.2 dS/m. Also all yield components of the including fresh and dry weight of leaves, stems, roots and root volume of treated water with salinity of 0.3 dS/m highest values than the two others. Magnetic water increases 15 and 11 percent in the weight of stems in salinity of 2.3 and 4.2 dS/m than other non-magnetic levels of its.

Sewage sludge contains relatively high amounts of salts and organic matters which may affect the physical and chemical characteristics of soil. In this study the effects of adding the urban sewage sludge on soil water repellency and water retention curve were investigated. A clay loam soil was picked up from Foladshar, Isfahan, a region at the vicinity of a sewage treatment system. Different amounts of urban sewage sludge (25, 50, 65 and 80 percent) were added to the soil and designated by S25%, S50%, S65% and S80%. Then water repellency of them was determined by means of water drop penetration time (WDPT) and molarity of aqueous ethanol (MED), after 50 days of incubation. Sludge addition resulted in low to severe water repellency of the soil samples. The water retention curves were determined by means of the pressure membrane and sand box apparatuses. Finally, sewage sludge effects on van Genuchten equation's parameters were assessed by using SAS8 software and Fisher test. There was a linear and positive correlation between the logarithmic values of WDPT and organic matter quantities. Furthermore, a linear regression was established between the values WDPT and MED with R2=0.95. The S80% treatment had higher Өs while S0 had lower Өs, because of higher organic matter in S80% and lower organic matter and clay loam texture of S0. The residual water content in S80% was lower than those in the other treatments and the maximum of Өr was observed in S0. The parameter α was higher in S65% and S80% than those in the other treatments with slight water repellency which showed lower air entry value of the soil. The parameter n increased by increasing the organic matter in S25% and S50% rather than that in S0, but it decreased in S65% and S80%. This could be due to existence of higher water repellency and hydrophobic material on the surface of soil particles in S65% and S80% than those in the S25% and S50%. So intensive water repellency perhaps affected the parameter n and caused it to reduce it. Also water repellent soils had higher gravitational and available water than those in the primary wettable soil.

Non-uniform distribution which occurs during manual fertilizing is one of the biggest problems of surface irrigation. This issue needs more research in the field of surface fertigation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the roles of slope and fertigation timing in furrow irrigation. Urea fertilizer was used and nitrate was selected to be the reagent ingredient in order to study the distribution of fertilizer. The research was conducted in agricultural research field of Shahrekord University. A completely randomized block design was employed with four treatments and three replications. The treatments were Control treatment (natural slope, fulltime fertigation) and three periods of fertigation that were first half, second half and fulltime fertigation. Slope changes, fertigation duration, soil depth of the sampling and distance from the furrow beginnings effects were studied on nitrate distribution in the soil. The LSD test was used for statistical analysis. The results demonstrated that slope had a very significant effect on nitrate distribution and storage in the soil (P<0.01). Also, Changes in fertigation timing and duration caused variation in nitrate distribution and the second half fertigation treatment had the highest nitrate distribution uniformity and absorption of 1653.53 mg/kg. Studying simultaneous effects of fertigation timing, soil depth and distance form beginnings of the furrows exhibited that they had no significant impact on each other. Finally, slope and fertigation timing were reported to be the effective factors in the nitrate storage and distribution.

Traffic and over irrigation cause to compress soil in lawn area. Soil compaction considered is undesirable because it reduces hydraulic conductivity and water infiltration and increase evaporation in soil surface. The foctorial experiment was conducted to evaluate effect of aereation (punching 1 cm diameter holles on the surface in a regular grid pattern) and topdressing techniques on lolium grass.We initialed aeration in 3 level (5×5, 10×5 cm spacing and no aeration) and 2 level topdressing (with topdressing and without topdressing) with sand and compost were performed to investigate their influence on grow of luliom lawn in the city of Isfahan in june 2010. Height and weight of grass, rate of leaf color and leaf density were measured in 3 times 10, 70 and 130 days after aeration and topdressing. Results show that weight, height and color of lawn leaf significantly greater with topdressing. The aeration with 10×5 cm spacing with topdressing was highest infiltration, in addition, weight, height and color of the lawn leaves rate increased compared to control treatment. The results can be advised for maintaining acceptable weight, height and color grass leaves is sufficient. lawn Aeration only, recommended in flood area to control runoff and further intake to soil.

Usually، dry soil readily absorbs water. However، not all soils display such characteristics. Some soils (hydrophobic soils) show resistance to wetting. Because of the importance of this subject and lack of research، we evaluated the effect of heating on water repellency and some of soil physical and chemical characteristics. So soil was combined with compost and heated at deferent temperatures، 100، 200، 300، 400 and 500 °C for 30 minutes in an oven or muffle furnace. The results showed that control treatment and heated soil at 300 °C had WDPT and MED 45 (s)، 17% and 80 (s)، 23% respectively. So، little water repellency was present prior to heating the soil. When soil was heated up to 300°C، intense water repellency resulted، but it was abruptly eliminated by increasing the heating. The soil texture was changed from loam to sandy loam at high temperatures (400 & 500 °C) and the sand percentage was increased. Organic matter decreased by increasing the temperature. Amount of pH decreased up to 200 °C and then increased at 500°C because of increasing ash in soils. Diminution of mineral and organic matter caused EC to decline in all the heated soils.

Four partial root zone drying (FULL، 1PRD50، 2PRD50، 3PRD50) treatments were investigated on tomato characteristics and water use efficiency using completely randomized design with five replications. In the control treatment (Full irrigation)، all water requirement of plant was met in the root area equally during the growing season. Roots in 1PRD50، 2PRD50 and 3PRD50 treatments were divided into two equal parts and each side of root was irrigated one، two and three times، respectively. Results showed that the highest (44. 43 g) and lowest (24. 57g) tomato mean weights were obtained at full irrigation and 3PRD50، respectively. Maximum of diameter (43. 1 ml) and fruit number (46 No) was observed in the control and minimum of these traits (15. 6 ml and 20 No، respectively) was observed in 3PRD50 treatment. There was a highly significant difference between fruit number in all treatments. Highest yield and marketable yield was obtained in the control and 1PRD50 treatment، respectively. The highest irrigation water use efficiency was obtained in 1PRD50 (48 percent more than the control) and the lowest value was in 3PRD50 (27 percent lower than the control). Based on results of this study، partial intermittent irrigation (1PRD50) is recommendable for tomato production.

Heating affects soil physical and chemical properties and sometimes causes soil water repellency. In order to investigate heating effect on water retention curve، an organic soil was heated in a muffle furnace preheated at 100 (T100)، 200 (T200)، 300 (T300)، 400 (T400) and 500 °C (T500). Hence، the soil was exposed to five heating treatments in three replications، in a completely randomized design. Water repellency was determined by using water drop penetration time method and aqueous ethanol method. Water retention curve of the treatments was determined by means of sand box and pressure plate. The van Genuchten equation''s parameters were obtained by minimizing mean square procedure and using RETC software. Then، heating effects were determined using SAS8 and LSD model. Some properties of water retention curve in heated and unheated soils were measured. The results showed that the original soil had low water repellency، while، at 300 °C، strong water repellency appeared، but disappeared by increasing the temperature. Van Genuchten equation''s parameters changed by increasing temperature and water repellency. The hydrophobic soils had low saturation water content compared to the other treatments with similar texture. T500 had the least saturation water content، probably because higher temperature decreased organic matter and increased sand and ash content. The value of α in hydrophobic soil was lower than other treatments with the same texture، but the “n” parameter in hydrophobic soils was higher than that in T100 and T200 treatments. Since this parameter is lower in heavy soils than light soils، it was low in T400 and T500 with sandy loam texture compared with the other treatments with loam texture. Water content at field capacity and wilting point diminished by increasing temperature.

The shortage of irrigation water with suitable quality for use in domestic, irrigation and industrial sectors is one of the most important problems in arid and semi-arid regions that include one-third area of the world. There is a progressive request for low quality water in regions, due to fresh water shortage. Therefore, many efforts have been taken place to decrease water salinity and increase the quality of abnormal waters such as saline and brackish waters. In this research, the impact of wheat straw and sawdust in sand filters on the physical and chemical properties of water was investigated and compared. For this purpose, saline water passed through a column of pure sand, a column of mixed wheat straw and sand and a column of mixed sawdust and sand, all having the same weight. The turbidity, hardness, chloride anions, magnesium and calcium cations concentration were measured with time. The results showed that the highest sorption of chloride anions (30 percent), magnesium (22 percent) and the maximum reduction of turbidity (74 percent) and hardness (19.27 percent) were achieved by passing water through straw wheat, but the sawdust had the most impact on electrical conductivity reduction (6.34 percent) and removal of calcium cations (23.7 percent) from saline water.

Reservoir operation optimization is one of the most important issues in water resources management. In this study, reservoir operations of Doroodzan dam were carried out using SA optimization algorithm, yield model and Standard Operation Policy (SOP). For each method, a computer model was developed using FORTRAN. The decision variables in the SA model were the amount of water release in different months. The objective function is deficit of water requirement which was investigated as minimization form. Yield model was defined as an amount of water which in addition to supply drinking and industry demands, reservoir can supply agriculture water demand with a reliability of at least 80 percent. Results showed that all three methods fully supply drinking and industrial demands. The performances of SA algorithm and yield model in agricultural uses were better than the standard operation policy. Also the yield model supplies much more water for agricultural use than SA model. SA algorithm and yield model decreased water deficit 33.74 and 83.86 percent, respectively. Therefore, the yield model passes the best performance and the SA algorithm and the standard operation policy obtained the next positions, respectively

More understanding of root water uptake (RWU) can lead us to discharge the irrigation water in soil in a water stress condition. The main objective of this research is measurement of RWU by Bean in a water stress condition. A completely randomized design was employed in greenhouse condition concerning four treatments and four replications. The treatments were FI: full irrigation as control, DI80: deficit irrigation with 80% of ETC, DI60 and DI50. Soil depth divided to four equal layers. RWU calculated by soil water balance technique. The results show that minimum soil water difference observed in Layer number four in both FI and DI80. The difference was greater in DI60 and DI50 both in layer number four and three. The maximum RWU was measured 11.8 mm/day in control and it was equal to 5.9 mm/day in DI50 as minimum. The average RWU were decreased 8.11, 26.5 and 33.84 percent in DI80, DI60 and DI50, respectively in comparison with the control where it was significant in five percent level. The portion of Layer 1 and 2 in RWU was 84.2, 77.36, 70.37 and 63.69 in FI, DI80, DI60 and DI50, respectively.