مریم هاشمیان

Social responsibility is critical to the success of organizations and is a key factor in any organizationchr('39')s survival. In this regard, the present study was conducted to investigate the impact of the relationship between organizational health and social responsibility in administrative staff of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. 

This research is a descriptive correlation study. The statistical population of this study consisted of all the administrative staff of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in the year 2018 that 139 persons were selected by censusmethod. Data collection tools included standard questionnaires of organizational health and social responsibility. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS-16 software using Pearson correlation, independent t-test and one-way ANOVA.

The findings show that in this organization social responsibility with average of 127/89 ±17/91 and organizational health with mean of 149/15 ± 23/36 are both at relatively high level and organizational health has a direct and significant correlation with social responsibility of employees (P= 0/01, r= 0/21).

The healthy atmosphere of an organization affects the attitude, performance and belief level of employees, which makes them more committed and responsible and ultimately leads to the growth and development of the organization. In the present study, organizational health has been one of the main determinants of the level of social responsibility of employees that changes in its level affect social responsibility. Therefore, the managers of the organization concerned with proper planning can promote the social responsibility of the employees and finally provide the performance of organizations.

One of the effective factors in causing chronic diseases is inactivity. Therefore, considering the importance of modifying adolescent girlschr('39') physical activity behavior and developing appropriate educational strategies and interventions in this field, this study aimed to investigate the effect of educational intervention based on social cognitive theory (SCT) on adolescent girlschr('39') physical activity.

A Quasi-experimental study was conducted among 246 female high schoolschr('39') Students (124=intervention group and 122=control group) in Rafsanjan (Southern Iran) by random cluster sampling in 2018-19. Demographics variables and valid and reliable questionnaire included the physical activity assessment of the last week and its effective factors based on SCT constructs collected in two stages. Educational interventions were applied in four sessions to students and two sessions to parents, teachers, and school officials. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 16.0, the Mann-Whitney U test, the Wilcoxon test, and the T-test.

After executing the educational program, there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the two groups in environmental factors (p=0.027), knowledge (p<0.001), family support (p=0.001), self-efficacy (p=0.001), and self-regulation (p=0.008), comparative between two groups the rates of daily and weekly physical activity increased (p=0.001).

The implementation of educational programs based on the SCT positively affects promoting physical activity in adolescents.

Coenurosis and Listerial encephalitis are two diseases of the central nervous system in sheep. In September 2018, one 18-month-old male sheep was referred to the Tehran University Veterinary Hospital with complaints of dullness, depression and anorexia. In observation and clinical examination, within 1 hour, the signs of dullness, depression, 39 C° temperature, unilateral blindness on the left, clonic seizure, head deviation to the left, stiffness of the limbs, circling in a circular path and head tilt were recorded. After clinical examination, the patient's sheep underwent hematological laboratory tests and cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and were then dissected in sterile conditions. Neutrophilic-eosinophilic pleocytosis was present in the cytological examination of cerebrospinal fluid and in autopsy, a cyst containing protoscolex was observed in the affected brain that the scolexes inside it, were examined by PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), which confirmed the presence of Coenuosis cerebralis. The brain sample was then subjected to bacterial culture (with cold enrichment) and histopathological examination. The presence of Listeria monocytogenes bacteria was identified during biochemical and PCR investigations. In histopathological study of brain tissue, meningoencephalitis and mononuclear cell infiltration around the cyst were observed. After bacterial isolation, the antibiotic susceptibility of isolates was determined Which was most sensitive to penicillin antibiotic. In the survey of relevant herd status, the consumption of low quality silage with an acidity of 5.8 and the presence of 15 free dogs in the pasture were recorded.

Regular fruit and vegetable consumption is one of the most important and preventative indicators for the development of obesity, disorders, and diseases.The aim of this study was to identify the determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption based on social cognitive theory among first-grade high school female students.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 264 high school female students who were selected through multistage random sampling from school students in Rafsanjan. The data were collected through a demographic questionnaire, the seven-day fruit, and vegetable consumption frequency, and the fruit and vegetable consumption determinants questionnaire that was developed based on the constructs of cognitive social theory. Then were analyzed using SPSS-16 software through independent samples t-test, Pearson correlation, one-way ANOVA, and multiple linear regression analysis.

The average daily fruit and vegetable intakes in adolescent girls were 3.43 and 2.30 units per day, respectively. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that environmental factors and behavioral skills have a significant relationship with fruit consumption. Besides, vegetable consumption was found to have a significant relationship with behavioral skills and social reinforcement (P <0.05). In sum, the constructs of social cognitive theory explained 7.1% of the variances in fruit consumption and 9.8% of the variances in vegetable consumption.

The average daily fruit and vegetable intakes were less than the recommended level. It is recommended that further interventional studies be designed in order to explore environmental factors and behavioral skills based on the constructs of social cognitive theory.

Tourist-host relations are inevitable in the destination. The tourists expect to have a good experience in their interactions with the host. However, when they encounter unpleasant actions, they get contradictory attitudes towards the destination. This paper studied the effects of tourist-host interactional experience on tourists’ attitudes towards the local people. Four groups of service providers were selected: vehicle drivers, the staff of the Holy Shrine, resellers, and citizens of Mashhad. Data about the tourists’ experiences were extracted from open questions in the questionnaire. Participants’ qualitative experiences were then categorized and codified by thematic analysis in two categories of positive and negative experiences. After counting the thematic codes, attitudes of pilgrims and tourists were measured using a Likert scale. The results showed that the average score of tourists’ attitudes towards the people of Mashhad was 3.33 (1-5), which showed a neutral attitude to the hosts. Among the demographic characteristics, only age and education had significant relations with the pilgrims’ attitude. Age had a positive relation, while education had a negative relation. Besides, interactional experiences influenced the pilgrims’ and tourists’ attitudes. When they had pleasant and positive experiences with the hosts, their attitudes increased positively, while their negative and unpleasant experiences with the host, led to their negative attitudes.
 

According to Alain Badiou mathematics is ontology. This is a meta-ontological thesis; that is, it is neither mathematical nor ontological. The crucial consequence of this thesis is that philosophy is separated from ontology. So it is not no longer the task of philosophy to think of being. Instead, Badiou regards an axiomatic system based on set theory as the sole form of thinking about being qua being. In his philosophy, the traditional concepts of philosophical ontology transform and link up with set theoretical concepts. It should be mentioned, however, that being in his thought neither has a mathematical form nor is a mathematical object. Not surprisingly the most difficult part of Badiou’s philosophy is ontology, partly for the reason that to fully grasp it one must know both the western tradition of philosophy and the set theory. Moreover, it is impossible to fully comprehend the body of his philosophy without having a deep understanding of his fundamental and technical discussions in ontology. In this essay, firstly we explain what Badiou means by the axiomatic system, and then we give an account of some basic concepts of his philosophy on the basis of their corresponding concepts in set theory, in order to show that how Badiou thinks of “being” by means of mathemathics.

The discussion about the primacy of either ethics or epistemology and their relation in Kant’s philosophy has a long history. Any argument in this regard, rests inevitably its foundations upon one of these fields and interprets the other one on the basis of those foundations. Richard Kroner, like other neo-Kantian commentators of the Heidelberg school, understands the Kantian philosophy as a whole which is more a weltanschauung, rather than a closed system like the Hegel’s, in which ethics is prior to epistemology and the practical is superior to the theoretical. According to Kroner’s interpretation, epistemology itself is ethical in essence, and the activity of the reason is a moral action as well. In his interpretation, however, neither ethics nor epistemology fades in favor the other one. According to him, Kant’s Weltanschauung is based on the constant tension between two poles none of which will fade away into the other one. Their contrast is in fact the engine of the struggle of the moral will. Epistemology and ethics are faced with each other on the basis of this very Kantian dialectic. In the present article, I am going to analyze Kroner’s interpretation of Kant’s Weltanschauung and his main theses in his Kant’s Weltanschauung. I will show the status of morality in the Kantian System and explain the relation between epistemology and ethics in this system on the basis of the preliminaries provided by Kroner.