مهدی جباری

The new barley cultivar Negin was derived from cross between Violeta/Mja and Manal/Alanda-01 lines as female and male parents, respectively. Initial cross between parents of this cultivar and selection in segregating populations was performed till pure line stage, in Seed and Plant Improvement Institute. Observational evaluation and preliminary and advanced yield trial were performed at Ahvaz, Darab, Zabol and Gonbad Agricultural Researches Stations and target line was selected because of its high yield and desirable agronomic characteristics. Grain yield stability experiment included line No. 9 (Negin cultivar) and 17 pure lines and Nimrooz/Sahra and Oxin as checks were conducted in Ahvaz, Darab, Zabol, Gonbad and Moghan Agricultural Researches Stations in 2016-2018 cropping seasons. Results of grain yield mean comparisons, rank mean, rank standard deviation and kang’s rank sum were used for selecting of genotypes with high and stable yield. Grain mean yield of line No. 9 (Negin cultivar) was 4480 kgha-1 that was 13.7% more than Oxin with 3939 kgha-1 grain yield. In the research-extension experiments, the grain yield mean of this variety was 4554 kgha-1 that was between 2 to 27% more than controls used in each location. According to the results it was determined that WB-95-9 line in addition to desirable performance and desirable agronomic characteristics, was generally adapted to the warm regions of the country and therefore was released as Negin cultivar. Negin variety is six rows, exhibits lodging resistance and non-shattering rachis. The growth type of this cultivar is spring and its protein content is 10.9%. Negin variety has high tolerance to salinity and drought stresses. Its reaction to powdery mildew is semi-resistant to semi-sensitive and to yellow rust and barley stripe is resistant to semi-resistant.

The purpose of the current research was to investigate the effects of training and human resource development on employee's productivity, emphasizing the mediating role of motivational and psychological empowerment in Kashan Amir Kabir Steel Company. This study also sought to propose conceptual model accordingly. This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and survey in terms of collecting and analyzing data. The statistical population included 380 employees of Kashan Amir Kabir Steel Company from whom 191 individuals were selected using Cochran's formula and available sampling methods. To collect the research data, a researcher-made questionnaire was used, the validity of which was confirmed after applying the supervisor's comments, and its reliability was obtained with Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.82). Next, structural equations method and Lisrel software were used to analyze the collected data. The findings of this research showed that training and human resource development could lead to employee's productivity and also enhance the motivational and psychological empowerment of employees. Consequently, motivational and psychological empowerment has an impact on employee's productivity.

The new barley cultivar Golchin was derived from cross between  P.sto/3/Lb.iran/Una80//Lignee640/4/Bllu/5/Petunia1 and Nik cultivar as female and male parents, respectively. The initial cross between parents of this cultivar and selection among segregating generations till achieving genetic purity were done in Cereal Research Department at Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran. Observational evaluations and preliminary and advanced yield trials were performed at Ahvaz, Darab, Zabol and Gonbad agricultural research stations and the desired line was selected according to its high yield, desirable agronomic characteristics and  comparison  with yields of the check cultivars. To evaluate grain yield stability of 17 pure lines selected from advanced experiment as well as Zahak/Sahra and Nimrooz as check cultivars were studied in Ahvaz, Darab, Zabol, Gonbad and Moghan agricultural researches stations in 2015-2017 cropping seasons. Selection of lines with desirable and stable grain yield was performed using the results of grain yield mean comparisons, Lin and Binns superiority coefficient and GGE biplot analysis. Line WB-94-3 (Golchin cultivar) with an average grain yield of 4311 and 4502 kgh-1 in south and north warm regions of Iran respectively, had 9% and 8% yield superiority over Zahak and Sahra check cultivars. According to the results it was determined that line WB-94-3 in addition to desirable performance and agronomic characteristics had general adaptability to the warm regions of the Iran and therefore was released as Golchin cultivar. Golchin is a six-rowed variety and exhibits lodging resistance and non-shattering rachis. The growth type of this cultivar is spring and its protein content is 11.3%. Golchin is earlier than commercial check cultivars and has high tolerance to salinity stress and moderate tolerance to drought stress. Its reaction to powdery mildew is in the range of semi-resistant to semi-sensitive.

This study was conducted to investigate the yield stability and determine the portion of some Morpho-phonological traits in the GEI effect in barley. For this purpose, a total of 20 barley genotypes were investigated at five tropical research stations of Iran during the 2018-2020 cropping seasons. In all trials, a RCBD with three replications was used. Stability analysis was performed using two set of stability models including parametric statistics and REML/BLUP-based statistics. The results of parametric were pooled in genotype SIIG as a unique stability index. Morpho-phonological data were analyzed using the path analysis. The days-to heading (X1) and days-to maturity (X2), plant height (X3), and 1000-kernels weight (X4) were considered to be sequential traits for the development of grain yield productivity (Y). Based on results, genotypes G6, G2, G3, G5, G13, G17, G11, G12 and G14 with greater grain yield than average grain yields and high values of stability statistics were identified as desirable genotypes in terms of yield performance and stability. Furthermore, three BLUP-based statistics, HMGV, RPGV and HMRPGV, were recognized genotypes G20, G6, G2, G3, G11, G12 and G17 as the high-yielding and stable genotypes. In total, lines G6, G3 and G11, which were superior in both methods, were selected. The results of path analysis revealed that DHE has a positive relationship with grain yield; hence more emphasis should be placed on selection based on spike emergence later to improve the yield potential of barley in warm regions of Iran.

The purpose of this study was to evaluation of the application of SIIG index in the study of phenotypic variation and selection barley promising lines with desirable grain yield and agronomic traits.

A set of 107 pure lines in the non-repeating Augment design with four controls in three blocks were evaluated during of 2019-20 cropping year in the farm of Darab Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station.

The results of REML analysis showed that, the lowest heritability of traits was related to 1000-kernel weight (0.417) and the highest heritability was related to days to maturity and days to flowering (0.891 and 0.887), respectively. The results of SIIG index showed that lines 102 and 9 with the highest (0.696) and lowest (0.200) values of SIIG were the best and weakest lines in this study, respectively. In order to selecting the best lines in terms of grain yield, 1000-kernel weight, plant height, days to flowering and days to maturity, lines were grouped according to SIIG index in four categories. The results showed that the SIIG index could well classify genotypes based on two traits of grain yield and 1000-kernal weight.

The results of grouping the lines according to the SIIG index showed all lines of group one and group two (except line 55) and lines number 13, 116, 29, 7, 77, 89 and 72 of Group three were the best in this study and can be considered for further testing, including compatibility testing.

The analyses of genotype × environment interaction in multi-environment yield trials are very important for evaluation, selection and recommendation of crop varieties. The purpose of this study was to identify high yielding and stable barley lines for introduction in different regions of warm climates of the Iran.

17 barley promising lines (with two checks Auxin and WB-94-3) will be evaluated in two years (2017 – 2019) using RCBD with three replications in five stations of warm zone including Ahvaz, Darab, Zabol, Gonbad and Moghan.

The results of variance analysis showed that the effects of location, genotype and genotype × location, genotype × year and genotype × year × location interactions were significant at the 0.01 probability level. The polygon-view of GGE biplot led to the identification of four superior lines (G18, G10, G19, and G17), six poor lines and three mega-environments. Among the test locations, Gonbad had a high discriminating ability to show differences between the genotypes and Moghan showed the least of discriminating; Also, Gonbad showed the highest amount of broad sense heritability of grain yield (0.780) and Moghan showed the lowest amount of broad sense heritability of grain yield (0.018).

Comparison of the studied lines with the ideal genotype showed that lines G18, G10, G19 and G17 were the closest lines to the ideal genotype with high yield and relative yield stability. Finally, these four lines were selected as the top lines for additional studies.

Due to abundance of non-living and living stresses in warm region, identification of barley genotypes with high and stable yield is one of the main goals of barley breeding programs in this region.

17 barley promising genotypes along with two check varieties were evaluated in five the Agricultural Research Stations including Ahvaz, Darab, Zabol, Gonbad, and Moghan during two consecutive cropping seasons (2018-2020). GGE biplot analysis was used for identifying the high yielding and stable genotypes across test environments.

Combined analysis of variance for grain yield data indicated a significant effect for locations, genotypes and year × location. Genotype × location and year × location × genotype. Mean comparison showed that G1, G2, G4, G5, G10, G12, G16 and G19 had high yield than other genotypes and can be considered. Grain yield stability of these genotypes were investigated for identifying of high yielding and stable genotypes across test environments. GGE Biplot analysis revealed that the first two components  accounted for 36.76% and 16.68% of the total gain yield variation, respectively. Thus these  two components can be used for explanation of grain yield of genotypes. In this study, two mega-environments were identified in warm regions of Iran. Accordingly, the first mega-environment included of the first and second year of Ahvaz and Zabol. G19 with 5114 kg/h was identified as superior genotype of this environment. The second mega-environment comprised of the the first and second year of Darab and Gonbad. G5 with 5155kg/h was identified as superior genotype of this environment. The first and second year of Moghan was located on the border between two mega environments. G3, G6, G8, G9, G14, G17 and G18 were not placed in none of the mega environments and were not suitable for cultivation in investigated environments. The vector view of ideal genotypes revealed that G4 and G5 are placed close to the ideal genotype, are most desirable than the other genotypes. The vector view of GGE biplot indicated discriminating and representative environments (first and second year of moghan) are good environments for selecting generally adapted genotypes.

In general, results indicated that genotypes G5 and G19 were identified as ideal barley genotypes for warm regions in north and south parts of Iran, respectively.

Genetic diversity is the base for survival of plants in nature and for crop improvement. Diversity in plant genetic resources provides opportunity for plant breeders to identify new and improved cultivars with desirable characteristics. In order to study the variation of barley inberd lines using the selection index of ideal genotype (SIIG), 108 pure lines in the non-repeating Augment design with four controls in three blocks were evaluated in the farm of Darab Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station in cropping year of 2017-18. The results of ANOVA showed a significant difference among studied lines for all traits (except for the days to flowering) which indicated the existence of variation among the lines. The results of REML analysis showed that, the lowest heritability of traits was related to 1000-kernel weight (0.001) and the highest heritability was related to days to maturity and days to flowering (0.79 and 0.77), respectively. The results of the SIIG index indicated that line 18 with the highest SIIG (0.767) was the best and line 75 with the lowest SIIG (0.149) was the weakest line in this study. In order to evaluate the efficiency of SIIG index in selecting the best lines for grain yield, 1000 kernal weight and plant height, the lines were grouped according to SIIG index in 6 categories. The results showed that as the amount of SIIG index decreased, grain yield, 1000 kernal weight and plant height were also decreased, but there was no significant change in the days to flowering and days to maturity. Also, the results of grouping of lines based on SIIG showed that the average grain yield of groups 1, 2 and 3 was higher than the average yield of the three controls: Nimroz, Auxin and WB-94-4. Also, there was relative conformity between the SIIG index and cluster analysis in this study. This research showed that the SIIG index was able to categorize the genotypes according to the three traits of grain yield, 1000 kernal weight and plant height, simultaneously.

This study examines the COSO Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) to determine the importance of these controls commensurate to firm size. For this study, a questionnaire was designed based on a Likert scale that includes 77 questions relating to five internal control components, i.e., the control environment, risk identification and assessment, control activities, information and communication, and monitoring activities, and seventeen related principles. The questionnaires were distributed based on the random sampling method among 431 experts on internal control between March and December 2020. The answers were analyzed based on the structural equation method, doing the confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis.  

The statistical analysis results showed that all controls at the level of their components and seventeen principles affect the quality of financial reporting. Also, the importance of these controls in large companies has been significantly higher than in small companies. There has been a significant difference between large companies and small companies as to the importance of control. However, the importance of internal control in large companies compared to medium-sized companies and in medium-sized companies compared to small companies was not significantly different. Further analysis of these findings indicated that some of the COSO ​​​Internal Control—Integrated F​r​​amework (2013) requirements are not relevant to small firms.

The research results present a new perspective on the design and implementation of internal controls in small companies; the study identifies some COSO Internal Controls (2013) in companies, especially in small ones, as of no or little importance.

Evaluation of genotypes under multiple environments is the prerequisite for the development of stable and superior genotypes for sustainable barley production in different environmental conditions. In order to evaluate the yield stability and determine the portion of different morpho-phonologic traits in the interaction of genotype × environment in promising barley lines, 17 barley promising lines with three checks including Nimrooze/Sahra and Auxin cultivars and WB-94-3 line) were evaluated in two years (2017 – 2019) using RCBD with three replications in five stations of warm zone including Ahvaz, Darab, Zabol, Gonbad and Moghan. Stability analysis was performed using different nonparametric methods. The results of the nonparametric methods were integrated using selction index of ideal genotype (SIIG). The morpho-phonologic data were analyzed by path analysis model which is composed of a main effect and four multiplicative effects. The flowering time (X1), maturity time (X2), plant height (X3), and 1000-kernel weight (X4) were assumed to be sequential characters to justify grain yield productivity (Y) in barley. The results of analysis of variance of grain yield using parametric and non-parametric methods showed that the effect of genotype, environment and genotype × environment interaction was significant at the level of 1% probability. The results showed that based on the nonparametric methods (SIIG index), lines no. G10, G18, G19, G16 and G15 were stable lines and higher than average grain yield. The positive correlation of SIIG with genotypic components of flowering time (V1) and 1000-kernal weight (V4) indicated that the 1000-kernal weight and flowering time are the main contributor towards GE interaction for grain yield in warm zone barley.

To determine the yield stability of barley promising lines, 17 lines along with three control genotypes were evaluated in five warm zone stations during two years (2017-2019) in randomized complete block design with three replications and their stability was determined using AMMI (additive main effects and multiplicative interaction) and SHMM (Shifted multiplicative model). Analysis of variance of grain yield using AMMI model showed that the effect of genotype, environment and genotype × environment interaction was significant at 1% probability level. Genotype × environment interaction analysis based on AMMI model showed that the four main components of interaction were significant at the level of 1% probability. These four components explained 84.7% of the changes in genotype × environment interaction. The lowest value of RMS PD was related to AMMI1 model. Therefore, the interpretation of the results using the AMMI1 model is more valid than the AMMI2 model. According to the AMMI2 model, lines WB-96-8 and WB-96-9 had specific adaptability with the Zabol region and line WB-96-12 had specific adaptability with Moghan. Lines WB-96-10, WB-96-17, WB-96-18 and WB-96-19 were the high-performance lines in this study. The grouping of locations based on the SHMM model created two groups. The first group includes Darab, Ahvaz and Zabol, which are part of the warm zone stations in the south of the country. The second group included Moghan and Gonbad stations (warm northern zone).

Nowruz cultivar, with pedigree of GOB/Aleli//Canela/3/Arupo*2/Jet/4/Arupo/K8755//Mora, was resulted from a cross in CIMMYT and subsequent selection in the segregating population and was initially introduced to Iranian national barley breeding in 2007-08 as a pure line. Based on its yield potential and other appropriate agronomic traits this line was selected for further evaluation in the warm regions. Results of observation nursery, barley yield trials and on-farm trials in south warm and dry zone of Iran indicated that Nowruz had a good level of lodging resistance, high number of tillers and high grain yield as well as its desirable agronomic characteristics compared to check cultivars Nimrooz and Zahak. In the Elite Barley Yield Trial conducted in Ahvaz, Darab and Zabol research stations in 2010-13 cropping seasons, Nowruz with average grain yield of 5805 kgha-1 had 9% higher yield compared to Nimrooz check cultivar with grain yield of 5350 kgha-1. Nowruz is a two-rowed spring barley with an intermediate spike density, strong and short stem, high number of tillers and genetic deletion of lateral sterile florets in spike. Also, it shows resistant to moderately susceptible reactions to powdery mildew and barley stripe but completely resistant reaction to net blotch. Based on its desirable agronomic characteristics, Nowruz is expected to be spread over farmer's lands in south warm and dry zone of Iran.

The main purpose of this research was to identify barley promising lines with high grain yield and yield stability for warm region of Iran. In this experiment, 17 barley promising lines and two check cultivars were evaluated in five agricultural research stations; Ahvaz, Darab, Zabol, Gonbad and Moghan, Iran, in 2015-16 and 2016-17 cropping seasons, using randomized complete block design with three replications. Combined analysis of variance showed significant effect of year, year × location and year × location × genotype on grain yield. To identify genotypes with high grain yield and yield satbilty, Lin and Binchr('39')s superiority statistic and GGE biplot analysis method were employed. The lowest values of Lin and Binchr('39')s superiority statistic were for lines No. 2, 3 and 9. GGE biplot analysis revealed that the first and second principle components explained 40% and 24% of total variation, respectively. In this experiment, two mega- environments were identified. The first mega-environment included Ahavaz and Darab, and the second mega-environment included Zabol, Gonbad and Moghan. Considering grain yield and yield stability stability estimates, line NO. 2 has been identified with wide adpatation and released for warm regions (north and south) and line NO. 3 with specific adaptaion for the north warm region of Iran.

The present research aims at designing a model for universities’ scientific authority (Imam Reza International University) as a localized model.

Using exploratory mixed-method design in two phases— qualitative and quantitative. In order to recognize and determine the research components, two research methods were adopted in the qualitative phase: the extensive library method and the Delphi technique. In the qualitative section, two methods of extensive library study and Delphi technique were used to identify and extract the components of the research. In the quantitative phase, the obtained data were analyzed employing the analytic hierarchy process (AHP).

This involved achieving a common consensus among 22 academic experts and scholars, following which the university-authority model was designed consisting of 5 aspects and 15 foundations.

The obtained data were analyzed employing, following which the aspect of ground was assigned the number-one priority, with the aspects of management & structure, education, research, and human resources ranked second to fifth. Therefore, the Establishment of Authority for Universities requires the proper establishment of the scientific space of the university, the accurate planning and the proper organization of the facilities and aspects—grounds.

To identify barley promising lines with high and stable grain yield for warm regions of Iran, 17 barley lines as well as three check cultivars; Zahak (in South) or Sahra (in North), Nimrooz and WB-93-3 line were evaluated using randomized complete block design with three replications in five agricultural research field stations of Ahvaz, Darab, Zabol, Gonbad and Moghan, Iran, for two cropping seasons (2016-17 and 2017-18). Combined analysis of variance showed significant effects of genotype, year × location, genotype × location, genotype × year and year × location × genotype on grain yield. For identifying genotypes with high and stable grain yields, mean rank, rank standard deviation, non-parametric statistics; Si1, Si2, Si3, Si6, NPi1, NPi2, NPi3, NPi4, and parametric statistics; coefficient of variance, Shukla’s stability variance, Wricke’s ecovalence, Kang’s rank-sum and AMMI analysis methods were used. According to the results, lines no. 3 (Dasht//Ebc(a)/Badia/3/Sahra) and line no. 4 (Dasht//Ebc(a)/Badia/3/Nik) in the southern warm and dry regions, and line no. 9 (Violeta/Mja//Manal/Alanda-01) in northern warm and humid regions of Iran were identified as superior lines which can be released as new commercial cultivars, and also be used as parents in the national barley breeding programs.

As repetitive behaviors are barriers in learning and social interaction of individuals with Autism Spectrum disorder (ASD), the main purpose of this study was comparison the efficacy of a 30 session, sensory-motor training program for 46 children (ages 6-12) on repetitive behaviors of children who had autism spectrum disorder.

samples was selected purposefully and randomly assigned to visuomotor, motor, visual and control group. Repetitive behaviors in this study were determined objectively by observation and video analysis. Analysis of covariance and Benfrobi post hoc tests was used for analysis data in this study.

the results showed that Children in the visuomotor group showed reduced repetitive behaviors significantly in posttest and follow up, while the other groups did not significantly differ from pretest.

our study adds to the emerging body of evidence indicating that visuomotor training for children with ASD almost is an effective approach for one of the core features of ASD.

To help improve the quality of the state higher education system, the current study aimed at identifying and ranking the factors which affect the academic authority of universities.(A Case Study on Imam Reza International University, Peace Upon Him) This study is an applied one with respect to its aim and is a library and Delphi one concerning its quality. Applying the library method, this research identified a series of factors which affect the academic authority of universities, and then it investigated and finalized them through reaching a consensus among a group of experts. The members of this group of 15 were selected by means of snowball sampling and the priorities of the above mentioned factors were determined through analytic hierarchy process. The factors affecting the university academic authority were identified in the form of 902 primary subject matters, and after being screened and classified at various levels, they were defined in the form of 45 sub factors and each was ranked according to its level of importance. Based on the viewpoints expressed by the experts group and according to importance, the factor of educating and empowering a human capital that has self-confidence and entrepreneurial skills was ranked first in the series of factors which affect the university academic authority. The existence of a national and transnational synergistic academic network was ranked second and the factor of creating an appropriate pyramid of faculty members by employing qualified and specialized forces had the third priority.