یونس غلامی بیمرغ

The mosque as the first and most important social institution of Muslims has many duties and functions, in addition to the most important function of worship, there are educational, social and cultural activities in it. Due to the supply of various religious and social functions and activities, the mosque has the ability to strengthen social interactions and expand the functional networks and increase social capacities. The purpose of this research is investigating the role of mosques in the social sustainability of the Qaen city. In this research, the role of the mosque in relation to social sustainability from the standpoint of justice, participation, awareness and social solidarity, and quality of life has been investigated. The overall research approach is a type of quantitative research, and in terms of data collection method, is based on library and field data. In order to distribute the questionnaire, a sample of 100 people was examined. A simple random sampling method has used to distributing the questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics indices such as frequency distribution and inferential statistical tests such as single sample T-test, Chi-square and Friedman. In general, the results indicate that the mosques in Qaen city have promoted quality of life, have improved justice, and have increased participation among the people. Also, the results showed that the mosques in Qaen city did not affect the promotion of public awareness and social solidarity.

Creative tourism is one of the most popular tourism development strategies in recent years and creative tourists are looking for new destinations to get a unique and creative experience. In fact, creative tourism seeks to add new ways to develop tourism. The research method is descriptive-analytical based on field surveys. The research instrument is a researcher-made questionnaire with 14 general and 88 professional open-ended and closed-ended questions that measure tourists' opinions. The results of the ranking of creative tourism explaining factors in rural areas of Borujen city by using Friedman test show that innovation and value creation index in tourism has the highest average value of 4.74. In this ranking, the handicrafts index received the lowest rate of creative tourism development (2.91). Using factor analysis test, sustainable tourist behavior factors have been identified in three cultural, environmental, and economic dimensions. The study of the effectiveness of creative tourism on sustainable behavior of tourists according to the operating load of -0.11 and also gaining a significant level higher than 0.05 to 0.01 indicates the lack of confirmation of the significant effect of creative tourism formation on the occurrence of sustainable behavior  among tourists.

Introduction Today, due to the rapid growth of urbanization, the mismatch of today's streets with the need of the population, the placement of crowded applications on the edge of the city streets and the placement of incompatible uses together have caused traffic congestion in cities. Traffic phenomena are one of the major problems in most large and even medium and small cities. This is one of the social problems of today's societies and cities. Although extensive studies have been conducted on the structure of the network and the use of the device separately, their interrelationships have been neglected (castmost, 2003: 19). The central texture of the city of Kashan, on the one hand, is based on the history of the city, which has attractive elements of the population such as the old Kashan bazaar and historic buildings and schools on the one hand, and streets embodying a vibrant population such as commercial, educational, and health use, on the other hand, a large population throughout the The day, especially during peak hours, absorbs traffic, causing severe traffic congestion in this tissue, therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to this problem and to re-distribute the space of absorbent applications of the population in this tissue. The present study evaluates the role of land use in creating urban traffic in the central part of Kashan and the re-distribution of spatial uses and identifies the relationship between the distribution of medical applications and urban traffic. Methodology

The increasing tendency of man to the life of the car and the use of personal vehicles, the lack of utilization of public transport, the increase of environmental pollution and, ultimately, the movement of society to individual life, diminish social interactions and distant Human beings are from each other. The approach to turning some of the streets into a pedestrian that removes or reduces traffic in the central part of the city is to improve the quality of the environment and increase the vitality of these spaces. The present study attempts to evaluate the feasibility of the implementation of a pedestrian-centered plan in Khajeh Nasir Street, located in the historical context of the city of Gaz-e-Borkhar. The research method used in this research is a descriptive-analytical approach using library studies and expert interviews. Analysis of the variables used was done using spss and Amos softwares. In the first issue, the implementation of the pedestrian plan was considered in terms of transportation dimensions. The results of the first hypothesis test showed a significant relationship between the variables studied and the first hypothesis was confirmed. In the second hypothesis, we examined the feasibility of accepting the implementation of the plan from the point of view of the business and citizens. The results of the second hypothesis test showed a significant relationship between the measured variables and the second hypothesis was confirmed. Also, the results of the second-order factor model showed that the economic factor has the highest gain with regression weight of 0.86. Subsequently, the social and physical factors with a regression weight of 0.82 and the environmental factor with a regression weight of 0.44 are in the next rank. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of the pedestrian plan in Khajeh‌e‌_nasir Street is acceptable for citizens and businesses and will not cause any problems in terms of traffic and traffic dimensions.

Cities are the most important population centers and have many infrastructures which are often threatened as the most important military targets in the time of military threats. Consequently  choosing a location with an appropriate security  consideration  can make a significant reduction in Damage and casualties  in the time of military strikes. In fact, locating cities is one of the main principles of passive defense, which should be considered seriously in identifying the location of demographic centers and infrastructures. Northeastern region Due to its neighboring with Afghanistan and Turkmenistan, and also the existence of important population centers, including the second largest metropolitan area of the country, is of great importance. Therefore, in this study, considering the security approach and geographic capacities, efforts were made  to find a suitable location for cities in the northeast of the country . This is an applied study in which  a descriptive-analytic method was used. the data from this research has been extracted from Landsat 5 satellite imagery, digital maps, Google Earth images and field studies.During this process, the Idrisi, Google Earth and GIS software were employed to   analyze these images. The results of these analysis process show that due to the role of seven natural factors, including: gas turbulence, soil type , Water supply network, climate, slope, orientation, elevation and height, and geomorphologic factor,  are among the most important factors   in the passive defense of the north and northwest regions of Iran, and the south, south-east and east regions are not suitable  areas for locating cities.

Tourism is developing with a high speed and one of the purposes in attracting foreign currencies is tourism for many countries. Hence، it has been paid attention to by many societies. In fact، Fars Province is one of the very novel and beautiful areas for most of tourism proponents. Moreover، Sepidan Town، as one of the snow-covered، attractive places with suitable amount of downfall، has high eco-tourism potentials. This article aims at “An Investigation of Eco-tourism of Margoon Waterfall Emphasizing on Sustainable Development”. The methodology of this research includes analytical، descriptive and survey methods. The statistical population of this research contains Margoon Waterfall visitors whose number was 800 thousand in 2006 according to Cultural Heritage and Tourism Organization statistics. 383 individuals were chosen as sample size by whom the questionnaires were filled out. Furthermore، SWOT model was used in this research to determine the strengths، weaknesses، opportunities and threats and strategy presentation for developing Margon Waterfall tourism development paying attention to sustainable development. Spearman’s and Pearson’s techniques were used in this research. The findings show that، paying attention to the significance of tourism industry in our present world and the role of natural resources for attracting tourists، Margoon Waterfall demands planning and correct management with a tourism viewpoint as well as an environmental one، so that less interference is carried out for the Waterfall and its surrounding environment. Finally، a prosperous and appropriate environment can remove some parts of Sepidan’s problems.

Nowadays، many countries view tourism as the best way of promoting culture، making international relations and gaining economic incomes; for this reason، tourism has been at focus in many countries which has many recourses for tourism and great capacity for attracting tourists. Meanwhile، one of tourism sub-branches is Ecotourism، which has a particular compatibility with nature. Iran is a country full of tourism resources، especially Ecotourism. One of these rich resources is Fars province. Marvelous nature of Fars brings into eyes beauties of nature. Among cities، Mamassani is still unknown to tourists though it has many capacities and places for tourism. In this research، it is attempted to analyze the tourism situation of this township. Statistical method used in this study is of qualitative، descriptive and survey type. The population of this study has been all tourists of Mamassani which were 50000 individuals، based on the report of Culture’s Heritage of Organization. The sample of this study included 381 individuals. In addition، a Questionnaire and Arc GIS was used in 1387. This study also pays attention to natural landscapes based on yardsticks like resources for tourism، facilities of the region، and its local population. This yardstick reveals unfortunate low facilities of the area despite its high capacities. The results of this study show that it is necessary to pay considerable attention to areas like Mamassani which has so many capacities for tourism. As a result of these considerations، we may witness less nature destroying in the area.

Most central parts of the city has due capacities for tourism especially at international level. Recent years has witnessed focusing on central textures of the cities due to tourism and its development. As a result of this attention direction has been made toward renewal and rehabilitation of these textures. Old textures of Mashhad play certainly fundamental role in true understanding of physical-spatial affairs of the largest religious metropolitan city of Iran، namely Mashhad which contain Imam-Reza’s shrine. this consideration has been the source of attraction for tourists to old textures of Mashhad. Especially the rate of increasing for tourism has been upward in recent years، while old texture due to its oldness has been the source of unacceptability of these areas from the tourists’ point of view to cope whit this issue considerations have done to redevelopment the texture though they have been unsuccessful. This article aims at introducing suitable effective programs for renewal of central part of Mashhad، regarding drawbacks which face tourists. Descriptive، analytic and documental method was used in this study along with a questionnaire taken from pilgrim ants. The result of this study indicates that management issues، nonparticipating from local individuals and luck of advertising for introducing attractions of the city. Can be mentioned as the issues affecting unstable tourism in central texture of the city. To achieve solving these problems procedures were suggested which among them we can cite participation from local people، domination adverting adverting and effective functions of official authorities.

Nowadays, great attention has been directed toward tourism activities due to outstanding effects of tourism activities on the economy of areas. Nurabad Mamasani town, however, is unknown in spite of its several tourism potentials and capabilities. Thus, recognizing tourist attractions, and programming in accordance with social and cultural condition of this town seem necessary. The goal of this article is to "investigate the development of religious tourism". The methodology includes analytical, descriptive and survey ones. The statistical population, here, contains all tourists visiting religious sites of Nurabad Mamasani town. In 2007, their number was estimated at 40000 individuals based on the information distributed by Tourism and Cultural Heritage Organization. 380 individuals were chosen as sample size in 2008 and the study was carried out through filling out questionnaires. ArcGIS software was utilized to show the spatial distribution of Nurabad Mamasani religious sites. Among the techniques used in this article, Spearman and Kendall correlation can be mentioned.The findings show that paying attention to the importance of tourism industry in our present world, the role of the religious sites in attracting tourists and its effects on developing different areas, Nurabad Mamasani in Fars Province, which includes several holy religious sites, can finally turn into appropriate environment for attracting religious tourists and removing some parts of Nurabad Mamasani problems, if managerial viewpoint toward this area and correct programming lead to reorganizing these holy religious sites and their surrounding environments.

Investigating the application of city lands means the way the application, distribution, maintenance, local-spatial organization of the activities and city functions are analyzed on the basis of the needs and requirements of the civil society. Nowadays, paying attention to the inappropriate development of the cities and the imbalance of the current applications, on the one hand, and moving toward qualitative improvement of the citizenship, organizing and optimizing the application of lands in the cities, on the other hand, are among significant issues in this field. In this research, the application of the land in Nur Abad Mamasani has been analyzed both analytically and theoretically; moreover, the theoretical viewpoints and the applied procedures of the application analysis of the civil lands, both in Iran and the world, have also been analyzed. Therefore, Nur Abad Mamasani is an example of such cities which suffer from the inappropriate development, exploiting the fertilized agricultural lands, asymmetrical distribution of the services, absence of facilities and services in the city. This study aims at organizing, balancing and improving the quality of the civil life in the cities.In this research, the problems and the application deficits have been discussed both quantitatively and qualitatively, using descriptive, analytical and survey method; furthermore, the social, economical, natural situations of the city have been considered and analyzed using the GIS. The findings indicate that with regard to the inappropriate situation of the city application, solutions and methods such as the government's paying attention to the rural areas to prevent immigration to cities, determining the city development zone to prevent destroying the fertilized agricultural lands, modifying rural contexts which are included in the city servicing zone to facilitate easy transportation, transferring equipments such as cemetery, slaughterhouse from the inside of the city to the outside, transferring the inappropriate applications to the outside of the city are all appropriate approaches toward balancing the service contribution and preventing the widespread growth of the city.

Tourism has found more importance as a growing industry and kind of activity today. This industry is developing with high rate growth and is accounted as a foreign money providing object, so many countries pay attention to tourism. The main aim of this paper is analyzing ecotourism in the lost heaven located in fars province focusing sustainable development. The methodology of this research is descriptive analytic and data gathering is based on field study. Statistical society in this paper is all of tourists for the lost heaven 51082 people in 2007 during 7 months. The sampling number is 382 people that were chosen by random method. So the required questionnair distributed among them. Swot model applied for analayzing the results based on strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats and determining the suitable strategies for development of ecotourism in the lost heaven focusing on sustainable development. Based on this research the more attention to ecotourism is necessary in this region and by protection and preservation of natural environment we can obtain regional development in Marvedasht township in Fars Province.