مقالات رزومه دکتر احمد علی پور

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the family-oriented program on psychological distress and adherence to treatment in people with diabetes and hypertension. The present study was a semi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a three-month follow-up. 40 people with diabetes and hypertension were selected to enter the study. Then, 40 volunteers participating in the research and eligible to enter the research were randomly assigned to two groups of 20 people by matching them in terms of age and history of diabetes. The data collection tool included demographic information questionnaire, depression, anxiety and stress scale and Madanlo's questionnaire of adherence to treatment orders. The comparison of means indicates the effectiveness of the family-based program against the control group. Considering the different experimental and control groups, there is a significant difference between the anxiety scores in the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stages. For the depression variable, the main effect of the group is substantial (Ƞ2=0.423 Ƞ^2=0.423 Ƞ2=0.423, p<0.05 p<0.05 p<0.05, F=27.846 F=27.846 F=27.846), indicating a significant overall difference in mean depression scores between the two groups. The results show that the main effect of time is substantial (Ƞ2=0.781 Ƞ^2=0.781 Ƞ2=0.781, p<0.05 p<0.05 p<0.05, F=135.824 F=135.824 F=135.824). For the stress variable, the main effect of the group is significant (Ƞ2=0.634 Ƞ^2=0.634 Ƞ2=0.634, p<0.05 p<0.05 p<0.05, F=65.767 F=65.767 F=65.767), indicating a significant overall difference in mean stress scores between the two groups. For the treatment adherence variable, the main effect of the group is substantial (Ƞ2=0.80 Ƞ^2=0.80 Ƞ2=0.80, p<0.05 p<0.05 p<0.05, F=172.726 F=172.726 F=172.726). The main effect of time is significant (Ƞ2=0.985 Ƞ^2=0.985 Ƞ2=0.985, p<0.05 p<0.05 p<0.05, F=2516.562 F=2516.562 F=2516.562), meaning that the changes in mean scores from the pre-test to the post-test and follow-up stages are significant regardless of the experimental and control groups. The results of this research showed that the family-based program is efficacious in improving treatment adherence and psychological distress in employees with diabetes and hypertension. Family empowerment involves providing and teaching a health-promoting lifestyle to families of individuals with chronic disorders, helping families cope with familial problems related to chronic disorders, and strengthening family strengths to improve the safety, well-being, and adaptation of the affected individual. Family empowerment in self-management and self-care for chronic disorders is an intervention that focuses on strengthening the core values of caregivers (families). Family empowerment can also increase positive control of mind and body, preventive care, and constructive relationships with the environment, enhance positive emotions, and improve the family's ability to manage the disorder independently. The more individuals control and master their living environment, particularly stressful life conditions, the greater their sense of inner satisfaction, self-efficacy, and self-belief, leading to better psychological well-being. Conversely, individuals suffering from stress-induced hypertension often lack cognitive and behavioral skills to control stressful environmental events, generally doubting their abilities and constantly worrying about negative evaluations from others regarding themselves and their behaviors.

Neuropathic pains are common complications of chronic diabetes that have a negative effect on patients' mood. The present study, however, was conducted with the aim of determining the pure and combined effect of M1 and F3 anodic tDCS on reducing psychological distress in type 2 diabetes patients with neuropathic pain.

The study is a four-group double-blind randomized clinical trial. The statistical population of the study was all patients aged 45 to 65 years with type 2 diabetes who were members of the Bonab Diabetes Association in the winter of 2021 and spring of 2022, identified by specialists as having neuropathic pain. The research sample was 48 people selected in a purposeful way and according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then, the subjects were randomly assigned to 4 groups. Patients in 4 groups received their own interventions for 12 sessions, three times a week. The data collection tool was the 42-item depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS).

According to the results, the average psychological distress in the post-test, 1-month follow-up, and 3-month follow-up phases, compared to the pre-test phase, was significantly reduced. However, there was no difference in the mean psychological distress scores between the other phases (post-test, 1-month follow-up, 3-month follow-up). That is, even up to the 3-month follow-up phase, the effect of the interventions remained.

Therefore, the application of transcranial direct current stimulation, considering its therapeutic potential, can be expanded in people with diabetes.

Researches have shown that mental disorders can lead to physical diseases. On the other hand, many physical diseases also coexist with each other. This study aims to investigate the effect of mental disorders on the occurrence of physical diseases in dual comorbidities. The present study was a survey-correlation study. The statistical population included men and women aged 18 to 80, residing in Tehran, who had visited medical centers due to illness in the first six months of 2019. Sampling conducted in a cluster form. The total number of participants in the project was 304 people that the number of dual comorbidity group (coexist of two diseases) was 110 people. Research tools included the standard physical illness checklist and the SCL-90 clinical symptom inventory. Machine learning used for data analyze. This work did with the help of Python-3.7.4 software and Scikit-learn-0.23.0 program. In order to check the hypotheses of the research, the random forest model strategy (Random Forest) used for machine learning. The results showed that embodied diseases related to psychological problems and the pattern of psychological disorders in these patients could predicted. In this study, it determined that blood pressure and headache influenced by aggression, heart problems and arthritis related to depression, diabetes related to anxiety pattern, respiratory and digestive problems influenced by phobia, obesity and allergies related to obsession; and finally, skin diseases affected by interactive and interpersonal problems. In addition, a pattern of physical diseases identified by examining psychological disorders. The results showed that interpersonal interactions, obsession and anxiety have the most relationship with the incidence of obesity; depression has the greatest effect on heart diseases, phobia related to respiratory diseases, and aggression also related to diabetes. But interestingly, the highest correlation and the most significant pattern saw between obsession and obesity. With the help of machine learning method, this research showed that there are significant relationships between physical diseases and psychological disorders, as patterns of these relationships can inferred. The understanding and identification of these dual comorbidities will not only improve our knowledge in the boundaries of knowledge, but also have practical applications in pathology, treatment and design of special interventions for physical and psychological disorders. Also, the alignment of these results with previous research literature is a confirmation of the application of machine learning in later psychology and health studies

In diabetes, stress lack of adherence to therapy, and poor self-care can worsen the condition of the affected people. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the effectiveness of stress management methods based on cognitive behavioral approach and self-care training and the combination of both on health status in people with type 2 diabetes. The present study is a randomized four-group double-blind clinical trial. The research sample included 60 people with type 2 diabetes selected purposefully among the members of the Diabetes Association and Private offices in Kerman City. The participants, after matching in terms of age and gender, were randomly replaced into 4 groups of 15 people (group 1: stress management based on cognitive-behavioral therapy, group 2: self-care training, group 3: stress management based on cognitive-behavioral therapy + self-care training, the control group: without any intervention) and the experimental groups received the relevant interventions in 8 sessions and the control group did not receive any intervention. Pre-test, post-test, and 2-month follow-up of the members of all 4 groups were performed by health status questionnaire from the World Health Organization. According to the results of the SPANOVA analysis, the mean scores of health status in the post-test and follow-up phases were increased compared to the pre-test phase and the occurred increase remained stable until the follow-up phase. Conclusion According to the findings of the study, the combination of medical and psychological interventions is necessary to improve the health status and stability of the obtained results.

This research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation and play therapy on improving the executive functions of children with brain tumors.

The study was a practical research and a time series quasi-experimental design with multiple groups. The sample included 45 children between 7 and 10 years old with brain tumors selected from Mahak Hospital purposefully and by considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The subjects were randomly replaced in 3 groups of 15 people (group 1: cognitive rehabilitation; group 2: cognitive rehabilitation with play therapy; group 3: control group). The experimental groups received relevant interventions in 8 sessions, and the control group did not receive any intervention. The pre-test, post-test and 1-month follow-up of the participants of all 3 groups were conducted with the Executive Function questioner (BRIEF). In order to analyze the data, split-plot ANOVA design (SPANOVA) with spss21 software was used.

According to the results, the deficit of executive functions in children of both experimental groups was reduced compared to the control group and was stable in the follow-up.

The result showed these interventions can be used for children with brain tumors. Of course, the use of rehabilitation therapy integrated with play therapy is more suitable for improving the cognitive skills of children with brain tumors.

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy with a focus on compassion on emotional processing and self-care in adolescent girls with premenstrual syndrome. This research was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The statistical population included all the non-profit girls' school students who were studying in the educational center of Isfahan City in the academic year 2021-2022. The statistical sample included 30 of these girls who were selected purposefully. Then, 15 people were randomly replaced in the control group and 15 people in the experimental group. The intervention group received treatment based on acceptance and commitment with a focus on compassion during 8 sessions of 90 minutes once a week. Data were collected using the premenstrual symptoms screening scale of Steiner et al. (PSST, 2003) and Bakker et al.'s emotional processing (EPS, 2007), Arum adolescent self-care scale (AS-CLQ, 2009) and using the method Analysis of covariance was analyzed.  The results showed that by controlling the effect of the pre-test, there is a significant difference at the level of 0.05 between the average post-test scores of emotional processing and self-care in the experimental and control groups. It can be concluded that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment, focusing on compassion, emotional processing, and self-care has been effective in adolescent girls with premenstrual syndrome.

Attention to the emotional and social abilities of adolescents, especially for people with high-risk behaviors has always been the focus of researchers. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of (observer, discoverer, and values advisor) model training on socio-emotional competence and social problem-solving of adolescents with high-risk behaviors.

This was a quasi-experimental research with a pre-test and post-test with an experimental group and a control group. The statistical population includes all male secondary school students in Dezful who were studying in the academic year 2020-2021 and were selected by a multi-stage random sampling method based on the completion of the high-risk behavior questionnaire (Zadeh Mohammadi, Ahmadabadi, Heydari 2010) from which 40 people were randomly assigned in two groups. Before the intervention, as a pre-test, both groups were assessed with socio-emotional competence (Zou et al. 2012) and social problem solving (Dzurila et al. 2002) questionnaires. The experimental group was exposed to the model training for eight sessions. Then, in the post-test stage, both groups answered the research questionnaires. The data were analyzed using multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance.

The results showed that there is a significant difference between the two groups; the control (without intervention) and the experimental (observer, explorer, consultant model) in terms of the effect on the variables of socio-emotional competence and social problem-solving.

Considering the effectiveness of the observer, explorer, and values advisor model on the promotion of socio-emotional competence and social problem-solving of adolescents with high-risk behavior, it is worthy that this model be considered as one of the new and practical tools by researchers and educational institutions.

Increasing the psychological well-being of mothers guarantees an increase in their performance in parenting and reduces the abnormal behaviors of their children.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of the educational intervention of positive and safe parenting skills on the psychological well-being of mothers with an aggressive adolescent girl.

The method of the present study was experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with the control group and a one-month follow-up test. The statistical population of mothers with an aggressive adolescent girl who studied at Bu Ali Sina High School located in district one of Tehran. Sampling among the volunteers was done by simple random and their assignment in experimental and control groups of 15 persons was done randomly with replacement. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 45 minutes of positive and safe parenting skills training intervention (Alipour, Aliakbari Dehkordi & Barghi Irani, 2018), but the control group did not receive any intervention. To collect data, Riff's psychological well-being scale (1989) and Bass and Perry's aggression scale (1992) were used. Data were analyzed using one-way repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS software. The

The results of statistical analysis showed that the educational intervention of positive and safe parenting skills significantly increased the psychological well-being of mothers with aggressive adolescents in the experimental group compared to the control group in the post-test and follow-up stages.

Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the use of educational intervention of positive and safe parenting skills can be tested as an effective psychological intervention to increase the psychological well-being of mothers with aggressive adolescents.

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of spiritual therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy on the fear of recurrence and white blood cells in women with breast cancer. The study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a two-month follow-up with the control group. The study population included all women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy referred to the specialized and sub-specialized clinic of breast diseases of Jihad Daneshgahi in winter 2022. 45 patients were purposefully selected and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. Fear of cancer recurrence by Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory (FCRI) Simard & Savard inventory (2009) and white blood cells of the sample subjects using the flow cytometry method were measured. Patients in the experimental groups have received appropriate interventions individually for 12 sessions of 120 minutes, twice a week. Data analysis was performed by Repeated Measures ANOVA. The group effect, time effect, and time×group effect were significant for fear of recurrence (p<0.01) and white blood cells (p<0.05). Also, the mean difference between the pre-test post-test, and follow-up was significant (p<0.001), but the mean difference between the post-test and follow-up was not significant (p<0.05). The mean difference between treatment groups was significant in fear of recurrence (p<0.01), but not significant in white blood cells (p<0.05). These two treatment methods by prioritizing the use of spiritual therapy can be used to reduce the fear of breast cancer recurrence and increase white blood cells.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of rhythmic breathing training by flute on decreasing of anxiety in children with oppositional defiant disorder.

The experimental design was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up with the control group. The statistical population included all 12-8-year-old children with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) referred to psychiatry department of Tehran hospitals in the first half of 1397. Among the statistical population of this study were selected 30 people using multistage cluster sampling, and were placed randomly in experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups; and responded to Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS). The control group was awaited without receiving any intervention and rhythmic breathing training by flute for the experimental group was carried out in 8 sessions of 60 minutes each week for 2 sessions; Then, at the end of the therapeutic interventions and again 2 months later, the subjects of the experimental and control groups were evaluated by research tools. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, repeated measures ANOVA test and post-hoc bonferroni test.

The results showed that rhythmic breathing training by flute decreased Symptoms of anxiety in children with oppositional defiant disorder and this effect remained stable at follow up stage.

The educational program of rhythmic breathing training by flute can reduce the anxiety of children with oppositional defiant disorder.

The aim of this study was to compare the birth season and the mean calendar and biological age of parents of normal students and Down syndrome at birth. The statistical population of the present study consisted of the parents of primary school students in the 6th 11th 13th and 15th districts of Tehran, which in the academic year 2021.Therefore, 80 families were selected as a statistical sample (40 parents with normal children and 40 parents with children with Down syndrome) .The research method is comparative based on the implementation method. For data collection, children's birth season, calendar age and biological age of parents of students with Down syndrome and normal students at birth were used and independent t test and chi-square square test were used to analyze the data. Data analysis was performed by SPSS24 software.Based on the results, there was a significant difference between the mean scores of chronological age and age of mothers and biological age of fathers with children with Down syndrome and normal children at birth in the two groups. The results showed that mothers with children with Down syndrome have higher chronological and biological age than mothers with normal children.These differences were also significant in the biological age of the fathers. Therefore, it is suggested that in order to make mothers aware of the effects of biological age on the birth of their children, they should be given the necessary training so that an effective step can be taken to reduce the probability of having a child with Down syndrome.

The aim of this research was the construction of the Implicit Association connectedness with nature Test and its prediction with place attachment and environmental identity in students.
The research was kind of surveying and descriptive (correlation). Its statistical population was composed of all students of Tehran public universities and 207 of them were selected by volunteering method. Research tools included the Implicit Association connectedness with nature Test (researcher-built), Place Attachment Scale (Saffarinia, 2011), and Environmental Identity Scale (Clayton, 2003). For measuring the scale`s reliability was used of Cronbach`s alpha coefficient and test-retest method and for studying validity was used of concurrent validity (Pearson correlation coefficient). In addition, to study the fitness of hypothesized model of the relationship between environmental identity and connectedness with nature with mediating of place attachment components was used path analysis method.
The reliability coefficients by means of the test-retest method showed that the test has satisfactory reliability. In addition, the results of the Pearson correlation coefficient indicated that there is a significant positive relationship between place attachment and environmental identity with connectedness with nature (p<0.01) implying that relatively high concurrent validity Implicit Association connectedness with nature Test with place attachment and environmental identity scales. Results of path analysis showed that the modified model had acceptable fitness with data, and therefore environmental identity through place identity and emotional attachment influence directly and indirectly on connectedness with nature, and among components of place attachment only place identity and emotional attachment mediated relationship between environmental identity and connectedness with nature.
According to the research results, recommended to environment stakeholders and environmental psychologists that exhibiting educational workshops educate and develop Implicit Association connectedness with nature Test and connectedness with nature and place attachment concepts and for increasing connectedness with nature activities for reinforcing place attachment and environmental identity.

This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of schema therapy on coping styles in rheumatoid arthritis patients. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test and a control group design. The 30 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who met the study's inclusion criteria were selected by purposeful sampling and entered the study randomly. Schema therapy was performed based on the model of Rizzo et al. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics indicators, including ANOVA with repeated measures, multivariate analysis of covariance, and one-way covariance in MANCOVA were used for data analysis. The effectiveness of schema therapy on the coping styles of patients with rheumatoid arthritis is stable. Comparing the pre-test-post-test and pre-test-follow-up stages showed a significant difference in all coping styles between the research groups. Also, the results showed a significant difference between the mean scores of problem-oriented, emotion-oriented, and avoidance coping styles. Performing schema therapy for rheumatoid arthritis patients can reduce the pain and suffering of these patients to some extent. It is suggested that in the policy of the country's health care system, plans be made to use schema therapy to reduce the pain of these patients.

Infertility as a crisis in marital relationships not only causes psychological problems, but can also act as a powerful blow against the relationship between the couple. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of emotion-oriented couple therapy and Gottman couple therapy on sexual function, marital sexual satisfaction and depression in infertile couples. In this quasi-experimental study, 54 infertile couples from Omid Royan Infertility Center in Arak were selected and divided into two intervention groups (36 couples) and a control group (18 couples). In the intervention group, the training content was performed by emotion-focused couple therapy and Gottman couple therapy in ten 60-minute sessions for infertile couples, and two months later, the test was followed up. Data were collected using demographic information form, sexual function questionnaire, marital sexual satisfaction and depression and was analyzed using SPSS software version 23. The results showed that there is a difference between the effectiveness of emotion-oriented couple therapy and Gottman couple therapy on the sexual performance of men in infertile couples (P<0.05). However, there is no difference between the effectiveness of emotion-oriented couple therapy and Gottman couple therapy on women's sexual performance, marital sexual satisfaction of women and men, and depression of infertile couples. (P<0.05). Also, the results showed that both emotion-oriented couple therapy and Gottman methods were effective on sexual performance, marital sexual satisfaction and depression of infertile couples, and the scores of the post-test group and the follow-up period were better than the control group (P<0.05). The implementation of both methods of couple therapy has been effective on sexual function, marital sexual satisfaction and depression of infertile couples. Therefore, it is recommended that these two treatments including emotion-focused couple therapy and Gottman be used to improve sexual functioning, sexual satisfaction and marital depression of infertile couples.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that causes joint pain, inflammation, and physical, and mental problems. Considering the high interaction of body image, personality traits, and perceived stress with complications caused by rheumatoid arthritis, it seems necessary to investigate their simultaneous role in a structural model.

This study aimed to provide a model to investigate the effect of personality traits on body image with the mediation role of perceived stress in people with rheumatoid arthritis.

Using the purposive sampling method, 350 people with rheumatoid arthritis referred to the rheumatology centers of Tehran hospitals were selected considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data was collected by the MBSRQ (Cash, 1990), NEO (Costa & McCrae, 1985), and PSS-14 (Cohen et al., 1983) questionnaires. In this study, descriptive data analysis and hypothesis testing were done using a path analysis approach with a structural equation method.

Findings revealed that neuroticism (-0.311) and perceived stress (-0.453) have a significantly negative effect while agreeableness 0.355 and openness (0.272) have a significantly positive effect on body image. Further, extroversion has a positive effect of (0.321) whereas conscientiousness and agreeableness have negative effects of -0.251 and –(0.276) on perceived stress. When Perceived stress was assessed the indirect effect of extroversion on body image turned negative at -0.1454, the indirect effect of agreeableness on body image turned positive at 0.1251, and the indirect effect of conscientiousness on body image turned positive at 0.1137 (p<0.01).

According to the findings, the final model has a good fit, thus personality traits and perceived stress are strong predictors of body image changes in people with rheumatoid arthritis. Considering the prominent role of psychological factors in the body image of people with rheumatoid arthritis, it is suggested to use complementary treatments that include cognitive, emotional, and behavioral factors.

Sexual stimulation and inhibition play an important role in men's sexual performance, so the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of sexual cognitive behavioral therapy in sexual stimulation and inhibition of men with low sexual performance.

The present study was a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test type with a control group and a follow-up period. The statistical population includes all married men who went to the life expectancy Clinic in Aligoodarz city in the first three months of 2011 to solve their sexual problems. 30 qualified people were selected by purposeful sampling and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). Both groups responded to Millhausen et al.'s (2013) sexual arousal/inhibition questionnaire. The control group received routine counseling, but the experimental group received sexual cognitive behavioral therapy in nine two-hour sessions over two months virtually in the Skyroom program. Analysis of variance with repeated measures was used in data analysis using SPSS version 16 software.

The results showed that there was a significant difference between the average score of sexual stimulation and inhibition of men with low sexual performance before and after the training of sexual cognitive behavioral therapy, and this difference was statistically significant in the follow-up phase (P<0.001).

Cognitive-behavioral sexual therapy can be used as a complementary treatment method along with medical methods in order to improve sexual stimulation and inhibition of men with low sexual performance.

The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship of Alexithymia and female sexual function by mediating social exchange styles. the research method was a descriptive correlational. The Statistical population was composed of all married women living in Tehran, of which 550 individuals participated in the study through online recall. The research tool included Toronto alexithymia scale, the Women's Sexual Function Scale and Social Exchange Styles Scale. Fitness of the proposed model was estimated through structural equation modeling (SEM) and using Lisrel software package. The mediating relationship in the proposed pattern were tested using the bootstrap procedure. The results of structural equation modeling indicating fitness of model and showed that alexithymia with the mediation of benefit-seeking style and overinvestment style had an indirect effect on sexual function. According to the results, in order to improve sexual function should be considered in social exchange styles. The findings of the present study provide a useful framework for identifying the influential components in the field of social psychology in women's sexual function that should be considered in prevention and treatment programs.

Living with diabetes limitations is associated with special psychological distress. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the effectiveness of stress management method based on cognitive behavioral approach and self-care training and the combination of both on quality of life in people with type 2 diabetes.

The present study is a randomized four-group double-blind clinical trial with mixed between-and within-subjects design. The research sample included 60 people with type 2 diabetes selected purposefully among the members of the Kerman Diabetes Association by considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study. The participants, after matching in terms of age and gender, were randomly replaced in 4 groups of 15 people and the experimental groups received the relevant interventions in 8 sessions and the control group did not receive any intervention. Pre-test, post-test and 2-month follow-up of the members of all 4 groups were performed by 36-item quality of life questionnaire.

According to the results of the SPANOVA analysis, the mean scores of quality of life (physical and mental health) in the post-test and follow-up phases were increased compared to the pre-test phase and the occurred increase remained stable until the follow-up phase.

although medical training and self-care and psychological interventions are solely necessary and useful for people with diabetes, the combination of medical and psychological interventions are necessary to improve the quality of life and stability of the obtained results.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment on the difficulty of emotion regulation and character ability of mothers of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design with a control group and 6-week follow-up. The statistical population included 40 mothers with children with ADHD in the city of Bukan in 1399-1400. From among them 24 people (12 people in the experimental group and 12 people in the control group) were selected as the research sample using purposive sampling method. emotion regulation questionnaires Gratz and Roemer (DERS) (2004) and Character Strengths Questionnaires (VIA-IS) (2004) were used to collect data.The collected data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance test in SPSS-26 software. Findings showed that acceptance and commitment therapy has a significant effect on the difficulty of emotion regulation and its dimensions in mothers of children with ADHD (p< 0.05). Also, the findings of the study showed that the treatment of acceptance and commitment significantly affects the ability of the character and its dimensions in mothers of children with ADHD (p< 0.05). Based on the results of the present study, it can be seen that treatment based on acceptance and commitment is a useful and effective intervention to improve the difficulty of emotion regulation and strengthen the ability of character in mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have some impairment in emotional relationship which can be due to problems in emotional processing. The present study uses the event-dependent potential (ERP) method to investigate the neural correlations of the early stages of emotional face processing in the N170 component when observing faces with different emotions in adults with ADHD compared to adults without ADHD.

A total of 12 adults between 20 and 42 years old (6 males and 6 females) with ADHD were compared with 12 adults without ADHD (6 males and 6 females). Participants identified faces with different emotions while their brain activity was recorded using the event-dependent potential method.

The results showed that the N170 component for a neutral face was significantly different both for women with ADHD in the P8 region and men with ADHD in the O1 region comparing to adults without the disorder. (P <0.05)

The present study supports the notion that people with ADHD in the early stages of facial processing and facial expressions are different from people without the disorder, which can affect the interpretation of facial expressions and emotions.