دکتر شیلا صفاییان

Corn and soybeans have the largest area of ​​GM crops in the world. Milk powder and baby food are processed foods that contain corn and soybeans. Therefore, tracking transgenic corn and soy in processed food is one of the research problems. First, 40 samples of baby food and milk powder were collected from pharmacies and supermarkets in Tehran. All the samples were extracted using Azmaelixir DNA kit, and the nucleic acid concentration was checked with a nanodrop device, and internal control genes for soy (Lectin) and corn (Zein) were checked to ensure the extraction. Then, the presence of CaMV35S transgenic gene was checked by Real-time PCR technique. The results showed the presence of transgenic genes in 2.5% of baby food samples and 10% of samples in infant formula. Therefore, in this article, the amount of transgenic gene penetration in baby food and infant formula has been investigated.

The microbial quality of drinking water is fundamental and has serious importance for public health. Regarding to the clinical significance, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was surveyed to evaluate the degree of the contamination of drinking water and the bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Isolation of the TEM-1 gene in ESBL-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the pattern of antibiotic resistance provide useful information about this opportunistic pathogen. In this study, the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas species distributed in drinking water were investigated. 300 samples of drinking water were examined. Determination of antibiotic susceptibility of strains to four antibiotics was performed by disk diffusion method. The ESBL-producing P. aeruginosa containing TEM-1 gene were detected by PCR using TEM-1 specific primers, 17 samples (5.67%) in drinking water showed P. aeruginosa contamination. The highest resistance to imipenem/relabactam (11.76%) and ceftazidime/avibactam antibiotics (100%) was observed in drinking water. According to PCR results of 17 positive phenotype strains, 16 isolates (94.11%) carried TEM-1 gene. Results indicated the contamination of drinking water with P. aeruginosa. Most isolated strains are resistant to antibiotics and TEM-1 gene is more abundant among ESBL-producing strains. The results indicate that TEM-1 gene plays an important role in antibiotic resistance in isolated strains.

Antioxidant is a substance which inhibits production of free radicals, autooxidation in foods and cancers. This study focuses on the antioxidant property and polyphenol compounds of enriched jelly gums enriched with green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. Moisture, ash and acidity of samples were also evaluated. Jelly gums were produced with different amounts of dried powder of green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. Antioxidant property of microalgae and products were evaluated by DPPH and polyphenol compounds were evaluated by folin-ciocalteu assay. Moisture, ash and acidity were compared with standards for jelly gums. According to the results, jelly gums hadsignificant antioxidant properties because of Chlorella vulgaris which was27 ± 0.3 mg gallic acid g/dw. This microalga contains the acceptable level of polyphenol compounds and also about 2 ± 1.3 mg equivalent gallic acid g/dw. Moisture was stable in all samples and equal to 12.2. Ash was increased in each evaluation but acidity was decreased every time. Comparing the results of antioxidant properties of these samples with different groups of foods in other studies, it can be perceived that the samples are in the category of high antioxidant property. Using green Chlorella vulgaris assures the presence of polyphenol compounds in the products. Neither moisture, ash nor acidity were non-compliant with the standards.

This experiment explored the impact of seasonal changes on the activity of photosynthetic pigments (i.e., Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b, & Carotenoids) and proline on Haloduleuninervis sea grass. The results indicated a decrease in Chlorophyll a during the spring and summer and a decrease in Chlorophyll b and Caroteniods during the fall and winter. Furthermore, proline measurement revealed that its amount in root was less than leaf and that the maximum amount of proline in leaf and root belonged to the spring and summer. The ANOVA results showed a significant difference at p

IN this study acetylcholine esterase enzyme activity in Mytilaster lineatus bivalve acute to deltamethrin under limit mortality concentraitions in lowest concentraition ( 0/5 mg/l) estimated as ( 15/665 ± 0/1291 micromol min mg protein ) and in upper concentraition estimated as ( 11/912 ± 0/4334 micromol min mg protein ). Acording to one way ANOVA results ( P

Introduction & Every year, hundreds of thousands of people in the world because of the need to stay in hospital burn damages. Accelerate healing and prevent infection of the goals is the topical treatment of burn wounds. Prevent the transmission of microorganisms and remove exudates such as the characteristics of the ideal dressing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chitosan gel modified with silver nanoparticles in the second degree burn wounds respectively. Second degree burn was studied in dorsal aspect of 36 rats. Then the rats were divided in 4 groups: the wound was cared in the group 1 with chitosan gel combined with silver Nano-particle, in the group 2 with chitosan gel without nonosilver particle, in the group 3 with silver sulfadiazine and in the 4th group without treatment, as a control group. The healing rat and histopathologic characteristic was evaluated. The healing rat was significantly better in chitosan combined with Nano-silver particle group. Also in histopathologic examination, the fibroblasts counting and re-epithelialization were significantly better in the chitosan combined with Nano-silver groups. Chitosan combined with Nano-silver particle is a very acceptable dressing material, it accelerates wound healing and prevents infection.

Oil extracted from microalgae, is a potential energy source, as it can be easily converted to fatty acid methyl ester or hydrocarbon type biodiesel. The aim of the present work was to optimize the production of biodiesel by Chlorella vulgaris in mixotrophic and autotrophic cultivated conditions. Comparison of cell growth rate of Chlorella vulgaris was carried out, in TMRL(AG) and TX batch culture media, in four treatments and three repeats for ten days. In each treatment, Chlorella vulgaris was counted every two days once. Based on the results of this survey, the highest cell growth, 118×106 cell/ml, was recorded in autotrophic condition in TMRL(AG) medium and lowest count number was 77× 106 cells/ml in TX medium, in mixotrophic condition. There was significant difference between different media and average density of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris cell growth in ten days (p≤0.05). In this study, growth rate and growth coefficient showed more rapid growth of Chlorella in TMRL medium compared with TX medium. Oil content in TMRL (AG) media in mixotrophic and autotrophic cultivation conditions were %4.22 and %1.21, respectively. Our results revealed, for large scale culture of microalgae Chlorella, in order to be used in industrial biodiesel production, TMRL(AG) medium showed higher cell growth rate, greater amount of oil production and lower overall cost, in mixotrophic condition.

In order to assess the ecological status of intertidal ecosystems in intertidal area of Ouli (Dayyer, Persian Gulf) sediment samples, and epifaunal organisms were collected. Total organic matter, grain size analysis and identification of infaunal macroinvertebrates were important measurement parameters. Sampling was performed during three seasons of warm (summer 2009), moderate (autumn 2009) and cold (winter 2009-10) from three tidal levels including high, mid and low tide of Harbor, Residential and Methanol transects. Environmental variables (e.g. temperature, salinity and pH) were simultaneously recorded. In the laboratory, Rose Bengal vital staining, dry sieving and burning methods were applied for identification of macrofauna. Grain size analysis and TOM were calculated. Ecological indices including species diversity, dominance, richness and evenness in two size levels of infauna and epifauna were also measured. The highest Shanon index was 1.092 during summer season. Temperature and salinity didn’t show any significant seasonal differences (P<0.05) in each station. Moreover, pH average (8.05) did not differ significantly. One of the most important variables influencing the ecological characteristics especially the infaunal assemblages of the study area was grain size. The highest abundance of benthic infauna was 54±4/9 Ind.m2 in Residential station and the lowest 22±2/3 Ind.m2 in Methano station. The present study revealed 16 animal taxa in Ouli area of the Persian Gulf.

This study was carried out to determine the first mitotic interval or First Cleavage Interval (FCI) between French origin and the brood stocks existing in Ardabil to adjust the shock induction time. In addition, the aim was to maximize tetraploid induction and increase the survival rate of shock-treated larvae. To this end, two groups of eggs, brood stocks of French origin and the brood stocks existing in Ardabil were used. Seven hours after fertilization with intervals of 10 minutes to 10 hours, 10 eggs were sampled. This was repeated after each fertilization. Prior to transportation of samples to the lab, they were fixed using Davidson fixative solution. Time interval or the FCI was considered the time that 50% of the eggs reached the cleavage stage. The FCI was determined through microscopic analysis of the eggs and was identified as the time at which the midline appeared in the embryo. After examining the samples, the average FCI for the French race was determined to be 560 minutes after the fertilization; whereas, this time for the brood stocks existing in Ardabil was 570 minutes.

In this research, the Halodule uninervis sea grass was collected in the tidal area of Golshahr (Bandarabaas-Iran) in maximum period of ebb in summer-autumn- winter 88 to spring 89. The physiological analysis of Halodule uninervis was performed three times by measuring Photosynthetic pigments (Chlorophylls a, b and Carotenoids) and the amount of Prolinewas also investigated. The results indicated that the minimum amount of Chlorophyll a was found in spring (1/19 ± 0/002 mg/g) and the minimum amount of Chlorophyll b (0/68 ± 0/003 and 0.68 ± 0/003 mg/g) and Carotenoids (1/25 ± 0/002 and 1/26 ± 0.002 mg/g) was found in autumn and winter respectively. The Proline measurement revealed that the amount of Proline in roots was less in comparison to the leaves and the minimum amount of Proline found in roots was in spring (0/07 ±0/006 mg/g) and summer ( 0/08 ± 0.004 mg/g).

Persian Gulf or Pars Sea is a water course which is in the direction of Oman Sea and is between Iran and Arab Peninsula. The strategic strait of Hormoz is curved shape strip which is square Iran Plateau from Saudi Arabia and connects water of Persian Gulf Oman Sea and India Ocean. The goal of this study was to investigate the present Halomonas varieties which live in beaches belonging to strait of Hormoz and which are a part of biological diversity of this strait. Twelve samples from the water and sediment of this region from different depths of striat of Hormoz were collected and sent to laboratory in sterile conditions. Enrichment of samples was done in the Alkaline Peptone Water medium and Nutrient Broth medium. Samples were incubated on 3 solid incubational environments: Endo, EMB and Mac Conkey Agar. Finally 70 isolates were obtained from these environments. Genetic test was done based on sequencing 16S rRNA. The phylogenetic analysis on the samples, based on 16S rRNA analysis, identified three Halomonas species including Halomonasvenusta, Halomonas sulfidaeris and Halomonas alkaliphila. This study shows that beaches of strait of Hormoz is a good habitat for halophile gram negative bacteria ( Halomonas) which may have biotechnical applications .

In this study، seasonal variation on the acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity and on the protein in bivalvia Mytilaster lineatus and crustacean Pontogammarus maeoticus was investigated in 2010-2011 in Babolsar، in coast of the Caspian Sea. Maximum average of protein amount in Mytilaster lineatus was (10. 461 ± 0. 4833 mg/ml) in late winter and the highest average of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity (24. 635 ± 0. 7829 μmol / min / mg protein) was in the late autumn. Maximum average of protein amount in Pontogammarus maeoticus was (9. 521 ± 0. 1482 mg/ml) in late summer and the highest average of AChE activity (25. 155 ± 1. 5180 μmol/ min / mg protein) was in the late summer. The result of statistical analysis using ANOVA، P<0. 05 showed significant differences between the levels of acetylcholinesterase enzymes and Protein found in both organisms in different seasons of the year. This final result indicated that the minimum stress in bivalvia Mytilaster lineatus was in the cold seasons and in crustacean Pontogammarus maeoticus was in the warm seasons.

A research has been performed on antibiotic's resistance in negative gram bacteria separated of wild common carps intestinal organ. 126 negative Gram bacteria have been separated in total and resistance rate of bacteria in relation to 6 Antibiotics are measured: Ampicillin (10 microgram Am), Streptomycin (30 microgram S), Tetracycline (30 microgram T), Chloramphenicol (30 microgram C), Gentamycine (10 microgram GM), Amikacin (30 microgram AK). The results showed that negative Gram bacteria in comparison to antibiotic such as Ampicillin (93.5%), Streptomycin (51.15%), Tetracycline (46.5%) had higher resistance. So it showed that such bacteria’s resistance in comparison to Chloramphenicol (12.15%). is relatively low and it showed loss of existence of resistance in negative Gram bacteria in comparison to Gentamycine and Amikacin (0%). Surveying of the resistance rate of bacteria to some antibiotics show that 80% of separated bacteria from fish intestinal organ in comparison to consumption antibiotics are multi-resistance. Research shows that antibiotics consumption in animal is growing and more consumption of antibiotics in environment could cause bioenvironmental problems such as resistance against antibiotics. This research which was done for the first time in Anzali Wetland on Antibiotic resistance rate in negative Gram bacteria separated of wild common carp digestive system shows that negative gram system resistance against antibiotics in Anzali Wetland is high.

In this study removal of Chromium VI from aqueous solution by marine brown algae Padina borgesenni as adsorant is concerned in different batch experiments. The samples were collected by a scuba diver from Hengam Island in Persian Gulf with longitude of 26̊ and 40̋ North and latitude of 52̊ and 30̋ East in 89 Fall and transferred to the laboratory. Parameters such as the initial Chromium concentration of the solution which were 125, 250, 500, 750, 1000 ppm, respectively, and the initial pH 2, 4, 7 in 6 hours were investigated. Determination of Chromium VI was conducted by atomic absorption, VARIAN AA 240, and the statistical analysis were performed by SPSS14. Elimination of Chromium VI depended on two prominent factors, the former was the initial Chromium VI concentration and the latter was the initial pH. The maximum uptake by dried biomass of Padina borgesenni was in pH 2 and 750 ppm. This study demonstrated that the initial pH played important role in Chromium uptake by the sorbent.

Aim and Trametes gibbosa belongs to Polyporaceae family and Polyporales order having many medicinal effects in whole world. The aim of this study is investigation and comparison of antioxidant propertie with two methods DPPH & RP and determination of phenol and flavonoid content. Methanolic extract for examining of antioxidant properties was prepared. Two methods for determining of antioxidant properties were considered as DPPH and RP. BHT and BHA as synthetic antioxidants were considered and we prepared eight concentrations (1000-12. 5 µ g/ml) from methanolic extract of fungi، BHT & BHA. Phenol and flavonoid content of methanolic extract T. gibbosa were determined. antioxidant activities dependent on concentration. DPPH radical scavenging activity was the highest at the concentration of 750 μ g mL-1 (19. 61%) and was the lowest at the concentration of 12. 5 μ g mL-1 (4. 18%). Reducing power capacity was the highest at the concentration of 1000 μ g mL-1 (0. 328) and was the lowest at the concentration of 12. 5 μ g mL-1 (0. 129). The total phenol content of methanolic extract was 1. 30±0. 03 mg GAE g-1 FW and total flavonoid content of methanolic extract was 1. 03± 0. 05 mg QUE g-1 FW. the results showed that in higher concentrations، antioxidant activity was higher than lower concentrations. In both of methods for determining of antioxidant properties، the results showed that antioxidant activity was strongly dependent on concentration. totally، the result showed that the methanolic extract of the sample no have high antioxidant activity.

The aim of this research is to determine the levels of polycholoro biphenil (PCBs) in skin and muscle tissues of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and common pike (Esox lucius) fishes in the west part of Anzali wetland (Abkenar) in the two seasons, autumn 2009 and winter 2010. In each seasons, nine fishes from each species were selected randomly. The samples, transferred in cool condition and the muscles and skins of them were removed. All of the preparations organs clean up and PCBS analysis were carried with GC-ECD (Gas chromatography). Mean concentrations of PCBS were 24.36пg/g dry.w in skin 14.36пg/g dry.w in muscle tissue for E. lucius and 21.84пg/g dry.w in skin and 20.86пg/g dry.w in muscle tissue of C. carpio. In the autumn, the values was less than FDI standard and food standard Australia/AZ MRL and skin tissue of E. lucius and muscle tissue of C. carpio was over of US EPA standard values. Mean concentration of PCBS were 29.43пg/g dry.w in skin and 10.10ng/g dry.w in muscle tissue for E. lucius and 33.06пg/g dry.w in skin and 11.00пg/g dry.w in muscle tissue for C. carpio. In the winter, the value was less than FDI standard and food standard Australia /AZ MRL and skin tissue of E. lucius and skin tissue of C. carpio was over of US EPA standard values. Mean concentration of PCBs in water in the autumn (0.0042ppb) was less than recommended water quality Criteria E.P.A and in the winter (0.1938ppb) was over recommended water quality Criteria E.P.A. Mean concentration of PCBs in sediment in the autumn (4.89ng/g dry.w) and winter (4.48ng/g dry.w) was less than Interim Canadian Sediment Quality Guidelines. There were significant differences between E. lucius mussels and C. carpio skin tissue in two seasons (autumn and winter) in water and ingredient suspension. But in sediments, no significant difference was detected in autumn and winter.

In this study, the effect of garlic (Allium sativum) extract on the blood cortisol and glucose levels of Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was studied. The test was started after 2 weeks of acclimation of fishes with weight of 55±1g in 12 fiber glass tanks (560 liter water). Fishes were fed with 3 different dosage of garlic (0.5, 1 and 3%) as treatment groups. The same diet without any additional garlic was used in control group. The test continued for 30 days. Blood samples were collected at 0, 12, 24, 120, 240, 360 and 720 hours after beginning the experiment. The results showed that until 120 hours of transferring, there was no significant difference between cortisol concentration of all treated and control groups (P>0.05). After 240 hours all, garlic treated groups showed significant difference in comparison with control group (P<0.05) and the maximum concentration of cortisol was in treated group with 3% garlic (P<0.05). Also, the results showed that there was significant difference between all treated and the control group in hour of 12 (P<0.05) of glucose concentration and the significant difference was not seen in hour of 24 (P>0.05). After this period, the blood glucose concentration in all treated groups were increased significantly (P<0.05), and the maximum concentration of glucose was recorded in the 3% garlic treated group.

In this study chemical composition (protein, fat, carbohydrates, fiber, Ash) and mineral elements (Fe, Mg, Ca, K, Na, I, P, Se, Mn, Zn, Cu) in the red algae Hypnea flagelliformis of Persian Gulf coast in winter 2010 and spring 2011 were analyzed in triplicates. Results showed that amount of energy in100 gr of  red algae H. flagelliformis in spring  was 179. 962 kcal and in winter it was169.872 kcal. Chemical analysis of H. flagelliformis red algae in winter showed that average amounts of protein, carbohydrates, fat, fiber and ash were %15.366 ± 0. 0283 ,%25.851 ± 0.12037,%0.556 ± 0.0351, %0.976 ± 0.0045  and %14.873 ± 0.040 dry weight respectively. Also in spring amounts of these factors were %17.851 ± 0.0045, %26.3003 ± 0.025, %0.3733 ± 0.0057, %1.177 ± 0.052 and %15.263 ± 0.0416 dry weight respectively. Most protein, carbohydrate and fiber belonged to spring algae. This is considerable because of high amount of protein in red algae than green algae and brown. The analysis of  red algae H. flagelliformis showed  that  the average amount of  this elements in winter was respectively, Fe (290.76 ± 0.1527), Mg (1286.6 ± 2.516), Ca (2618.6 ± 0.577), K (1638.9 ± 0.776), Na  (1854.3 ± 2.081), I (6.338 ± 0.2749), P (56.3 ± 0.3), Se (44.7 ± 0.3605), Mn (4.94 ± 0.305), Zn (2.16 ± 0.208) and Cu (1.16 ± 0.0251) mg  per 100 gr of dry  matter. The amount of these elements in spring, was  Fe (233.9 ± 2.891), Mg (1028 ± 2) , Ca (4356.3 ± 2.516) , K ( 1977.6 ± 5.631) , Na ( 2898.6 ± 0.577) , I (7.16 ± 0.05715) , P (53.6 ± 0.3) , Se (40.7 ± 0.2) , Mn (8.05 ± 0.02) , Zn (  5.2 ±0.173) and  Cu( 1. 43 ± 0.0378) mg  per 100 gr of dry matter respectively. results showed that there is a significant difference between the average chemical composition, macro elements and micro elemans in winter and spring (P<0.01). Average iodine elements in two seasons didn’t show significant difference (P>0.01). The results of chemical analysis in the red algae Hypnea flagelliformis  suggest  more  investigations in case of high level of  Iodine, Selenium, Iron, Magnesium, Calcium, Sodium, Potassium as a good supplement.

In this study marine sponges of  intertidal zone of Hengam Island in Persian Gulf were collected at  spring low tide in desalination station in northwest of  at  location  55˚ 52΄ 17˝ E & 40˚ 26΄ 55˝ N (August 2009). For identifying these sponges acid digestion method and microtome section were used. All the identified sponges were from class Demospongia, 3 orders (Dictyoceratida, Hadromerida, Haplosclerida,) and 6 families (Suberitidae, Clionidae, Callyspongiidae, Chalinidae, Niphatidae, Spongiidae), and revealed six genera from Desalination Station: Callyspongia sp.Gelliodes fibrosa, Haliclona sp. Cliona dioryssa, Pseudosuberites mollis and Spongia officinalis. This Research is the first study to identify sponges of this Iranian islands based on microtome sectioning of their skeletal structures.

In this study chemical composition (ash, protein, fiber, fat and carbohydrates) and mineral contents (Na, Ca, K, Fe, Mn, Mg, Zn, Cu, Co, Se and P) of Padina boergesenii collected from the Persian Gulf in the winter of 1389 and spring of 1390 have studied. Results indicate that the nutritional value of brown algae Padina boergesenii was 114.37 kilo calories in the spring and 154.208 kilo calories in the winter. Chemical analysis of the brown alga Padina boergesenii indicated these amounts of Protein, ash, carbohydrates, fat and fiber: (%12.26 ± 0.015), (%13.28 ± 0.01), (%25.97 ± 5.634), (%0.14 ± 0.036) and (%4.67 ± 0.709) DW in the spring and (%12.63 ± 0.042), (11.14 ± 0.01), (%15.24 ± 0.649), (%0.32 ± 0.032) and (%3.8 ± 0.112) DW in the winter, respectively. Difference between the means of protein, fat, ash and carbohydrates in spring and winter is meaningful (P ≤ 0.05); difference between the means of fiber in mentioned seasons is (P ≥ 0.05). Analysis of mineral contents of brown algae Padina boergesenii indicates these amounts for Fe, Ca, Na, K, Mg, Se were (1160.333 ± 19.85), (7554 ± 29.799), (10874.74 ± 1646.958), (10594.6 ± 692.67), (5569.33 ± 11.015) and (572 ± 9) ppm in the spring respectively also these values ​​in the winter are (2265.667 ± 224.5982), (7820.93 ± 60.9008), (8728 ± 1032.42), (4612.97 ± 609.99), (6805.33 ± 154.212) and (526 ± 14.047) ppm respectively, therefore, it can be said that Potassium, Sodium and Selenium have higher amounts in the spring and difference between the means of potassium, iron, calcium, magnesium, selenium is meaningful in the brown algae Padina boergesenii (P ≤ 0.05); difference between the means of sodium is meaningless (P ≥ 0.05). Reference made to the results of this study regarding chemical and mineral composition specially Protein percentage and amounts of Selenium, Calcium, Potassium, Padina boergesenii is a recommended candidate as food supplement.

This research is to determine the level of PCBs in skin and muscle of Esox Lucius & Cyprinus carpio in the west part of Anzali wetland (Abkenar) in autumn 2009 to winter 2010. For sampling of water, sediment, suspended particles in water and also catch Esox Lucius and Cyprinus carpio fishes four sampling sites were selected in Abkenar each season. Nine fish samples were caught from each species and biometry was done for the samples (for determination of total and standard weight and length). Collected samples of water, sediment, suspended particles and fishes were transferred to the laboratory in standard condition (MOOPAM) and then muscles and skins of the fishes were removed. After preparation, extract and clean up the samples, analyses of PCBs were carried out using Gas Chromatography (GC-ECD) with Ni63 ionization detector. The most dangerous isomers of PCBs (PCB 28, 52, 101, 138, 153, 180) which are used as marine pollution indicators especially in coastal areas such as ports and creeks have been surveyed in skin and muscle tissues. Maximum concentration of these dangerous isomers is related to the isomer with more CL number (PCB 153 &138) in skin and muscle of Esox lucius and cyprinus carpio. But the maximum concentration in water, sediment and suspended particles is related to the isomers with less CL number (PCB52).

To determine level of PCBs in skin and muscle of Cyprinus carpio and Esox lucius fishes  in the west part of Anzali Wetland in Abkenar in autumn (Dec.2010) 4 sampling stations were selected .Samples of water, sediment, suspended particles in water, C. carpio and E. lucius fishes were collected from Abkenar, Anzali Wetland. Nine fish samples were caught from each species. Collected samples of water, sediment, suspended particles and fish were transferred to laboratory. After preparation, extract and clean up of the samples, analyses of PCBs were carried out using Gas Chromatography (GC-ECD) with Ni63 ionization detector. PCB average concentration was 24.36 ng/g(dried weight) in  Esox  lucius skin, 14.36 ng/g in E.  lucius mussel  tissue, 21.82 ng/g C. carpio skin and 20.86 ng/g in C. carpio mussel tissue. Coefficient Variation (CV) of average concentration PCBs in E. lucius skin tissue was higher than other tissues. Based on statistical analysis, there were a significant difference between E.  lucius mussels &  skin tissue & C. carpio mussels &  skin tissue  )p(. There were also significant difference between PCBs concentration in water with PCBs concentration in sediment (pC. carpio tissue and filtered suspended particles in water was seen (p<0.05, r=0.851, r2=76%, n=9) and a very strong positive correlation was found between PCBs concentration in water and filtered suspended particles in water (pE.  lucius skin tissue was 5835.69 µg/g, in E.  lucius mussels  tissue was 3440.58 µg/g, in C. carpio skin tissue was 5232.28 µg/g and in C. carpio mussels tissue was 4997.63 µg/g. The real average (with accuracy of 95%) of PCBs in fish tissues (Max. 0.03653 ppm and Min. 0.01025 ppm) in autumn was less than FDI Standards and Australia Food / NZ MRL standards and more than USEPA standard.

During the years 2001 – 2002 marine chemical pharmacology research experienced a global phase. In recent years, compounds extracted from marine organisms have shown anti-inflammatory and Anti-Bacterial effects. Pennatulaceas are a particular group of Anthozoa, animals stuck to the bed of water living in all regions of the world usually regions above 6100 meters of tide. To assess inflammation, Gezylin were applied to the ear of mice. Male NMRI mice were categorized into three groups including positive control (dexamethasone15 mg. kg), negative control (saline) and experimental one. The mice of the experimental group were injected with doses of 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/ kg of lipid extract of chloroform and hexane as a separate group within the prescribed characters. Statistical analysis was performed on the results which indicated that anti-inflammatory effect of all doses of 10-40 mg/kg are significant to the control group but there was no significant difference to dexamethasone so that chloroform and hexane extracts of sea pen has a strong anti-inflammatory effects even at low doses which is probably due to 54. 2% arshidonic acid in the compounds. Anti-bacterial and anti fungul effect of hexan and choloroform extract with disk diffusion method, By examition of ِMIC and MBC detering showed choloroform extract has the best activity against Staphylococcus areus on 125µg/ml doze in MIC method and for MBC in same bactery on 250 µg/ml.