a. abdi

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is an important cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been proven to be closely associated with NAFLD. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of interval training and omega-3 on mitochondrial biogenesis in liver tissues of NAFLD rats.

In the experimental study conducted in 2022 at Amol Azad University, 40 male Wistar rats (mean weight 156.98±7.82) were divided into 5 groups: Control-Normal (CN), NAFLD, NAFLD-Training (TRNAF), NAFLD-Supplement (SUPNAF) and NAFLD-Training-Supplement (TRSUPNAF). The supplement groups received 1 g of Omega-3 (per kg of body weight) orally during the intervention period. Interval training program including running on treadmill with a speed of 14-28 meters per minute, was performed 5 days a week for eight weeks. The genes expression of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α), Nuclear respiratory factor 1 (Nrf1), Mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam) and Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) were measured by Real Time PCR. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test at the P<0.05.

Induction of NAFLD decreased the expression of PGC-1α, Nrf1, Tfam and SIRT3 (p=0.0001). The expression of PGC-1α, Nrf1, Tfam and SIRT3 was significantly increased in TRNAF (p=0.041, p=0.048, p=0.043 and p=0.035 respectively), SUPNAF (p=0.044, p=0.042, p=0.037 and p=0.033 respectively) and TRSUPNAF (respectively, p=0.0001, p=0.0001, p=0.0001 and p=0.0001) groups compared to NAFLD; and also, TRSUPNAF compared to TRNAF (p=0.041, p=0.040, p=0.039 and p=0.043 respectively) and SUPNAF (p=0.038, p=0.046, p=0.046 and p=0.045 respectively) group.

The results indicated that exercise training along with omega-3 in the condition of NAFLD was able to modulate mitochondrial biogenesis through an increase in the genes involved in this pathway. Moreover, the combination of Interval exercise training and Omega-3 supplementation has synergistic effects.

Marriage conflicts occur when there is disagreement, incompatibility, or disagreement between couples, therefore, this research aimed to compare the effectiveness of schema mode cards and the effectiveness of cognitive processing therapy on problem-solving skills in conflicted couples.

The purpose of the present research was applied. Its method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design, two experimental groups and a control group, and a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the research included all the couples who were referred to the counseling centers of the 10th district of Tehran in 1400. Thirty couples were selected by available sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental and one control group. The research tools included the Marital Conflict Questionnaire (MCQ), Hepner's Problem Solving Scale (1982), Cognitive Processing Therapy Training Package by Rasik et al. (2007), and Tabatabai Far et al. was implemented for the experimental groups. The obtained data were analyzed using repeated measure variance.

The findings indicate that teaching schema mode cards on all components of problem-solving, including trust in problem-solving (Eta coefficient = 0.61), avoidance-tendency style (Eta coefficient = 0.51), and personal problem (Eta coefficient = 0.35), is compelling. Also, cognitive processing treatment is effective on the above components with coefficients of 0.75, 0.56 and 0.40, respectively. The effectiveness of both approaches was stable in the follow-up phase, according to Bonferroni's post hoc test. The findings showed that teaching schema mode cards were more effective than cognitive processing intervention in problem-solving components (P<0.05).

Based on the available findings, it can be concluded that both methods of teaching schema mode cards and cognitive processing therapy can be used to increase problem-solving in conflicting couples. According to the cultural context and localization of schema mode cards, it can be more useful in problem-solving in conflicting couples.

Overweight and obesity are associated with increased inflammatory conditions and metabolic disorders. A therapeutic agent that can suppress metabolic and immune disorders may effectively ameliorate parallel abnormalities in obesity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of combined training and caffeine supplementation on Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR4, and dectin-1 in obese men.

In a semi-experimental trial, 44 obese men were purposefully and accessibly selected and randomly divided into four groups: 1) control, 2) combined training, 3) caffeine and 4) combined training -caffeine. Subjects received 6 mg of caffeine per kilogram of body weight daily for 12 weeks. The combined training program include circular resistance training (3 times with 14 repetitions at 50% of one maximum repetition and 30 seconds rest between each station) and aerobic exercise (70% maximum heart rate for 30 minutes) was performed 3 sessions per week for 12 weeks. The combined training program was performed for 12 weeks and 3 sessions per week. Data were analyzed with covariance analysis and Tukey post hoc test at the p<0.05.

The results showed that 12 weeks of combined training, caffeine and combined training - caffeine significantly reduced serum levels of TLR2, TLR4 and Dectin-1 (P=0.001). The reduce of serum levels of TLR2, TLR4 and Dectin-1 were significant in the combined training compared to caffeine group (P=0.001). the effect of interactive combined training with caffeine was more than supplementation and training alone.

According to the findings, it is suggested that combined training intervention with caffeine consumption be used in order to reduce its inflammatory effects associated with obesity.

Clayey soil can cause problems such as swelling and significant settlements during the geotechnical projects. In this regard, improving and reinforcing methods of weak soils can be classified into mechanical, chemical, and physical procedures. Nowadays, the use of available and waste materials is considered to prevent environmental pollution for soil stabilization. One of these materials is cement kiln dust, which is a by-product of Portland cement. In the present study, the possibility of stabilizing two types of bentonite and kaolin clayey soils is evaluated using cement kiln dust (CKD). For this purpose, cement kiln dust was mixed with clayey soils at 10, 20, 25, and 30% and then processed for 7, 14, and 28 days. To investigate the geotechnical behavior of stabilized soil, laboratory tests such as Atterberg limits, compaction, uniaxial compressive strength, direct shear test, and consolidation were carried out. The results show that the optimal amount of CKD is 30% during the processing time of 28 days, which are the most effective on bentonite. The results of bentonite stabilization show a 65%, 58%, and 75% of reduction in the plasticity index, compression index, and swelling potential, respectively. On the other hand, maximum dry unit weight, uniaxial compressive strength, and shear strength increased by 8.7%, 3 times, and 9.4%, respectively, compared to the unstabilized state.

In type 2 diabetes patients, the level of incretins is reduced. Incretins play an important role in glucose homeostasis. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of aerobic training along with Momordica charantia L on serum incretin levels in man with type 2 diabetes.

In this study, 36 men with type 2 diabetes (age 53.08±5.15 years, wight 78.08±6.53kg and BMI 26.22±1.2218 kg/square meters) were selected and were randomly divided into four groups (Control-Water, Control-Momordica charantia, Control-Training and Momordica charantia+Training). The training groups participated in a progressive aerobic training for eight weeks, three sessions a week (running with 40% to 70% of the reserved heart rate and for 15 to 45 min). The groups of Control-Momordica charantia and Momordica charantia+Training were provided 2000 mg of Momordica charantia (In 500 mg capsules) for eight weeks (Twice a day before breakfast and dinner). Two days before and after the protocol, blood samples were taken in fasting state.

The results showed that the GLP-1 I and GIP Increased significantly in all experimental group compared to the control group. (Respectively p=0.000 and p=0.000), Also a significant increase in GLP-1 in Momordica charantia+Training compared to the Momordica charantia and GLP-1 in Momordica charantia+Training compared to the Momordica charantia and Training. Other results showed a significant increase in GLP-1 and GIP in all experimental groups compared to pre-tes (p≤0.05).

It seems that aerobic training and Momordica charantia and combination of both, It improves the factors affecting glycemic control in men with type 2 diabetes.

Western Asia has recently become an arena for significant upheavals of various kinds, be it political, safety-related, geopolitical, social, etc. These have in turn focalized the salience of the region as well as its ensuing situation and challenges on a global perspective. Such a naturally-born phenomenon is characterized, amidst other factors, by its transregional quality, granting it some sort of geopolitical peculiarity. The occurrence of haze would implicate a merged endeavor on part of the countries, engaged in this cross-regional abnormality. This joint endeavor is, however, hindered and at times exacerbated due to certain political inconsistencies among the countries, undoubtedly rising from differences in ideology, religion, politics, and social standards. In this light, the present study seeks to inquire the impacts of haze, as a geopolitical phenomenon, on involved countries. It also tries to find out whether subsequent implications of this predicament could in effect be employed to establish new relations among rather-standoffish nations or if they are merely components of a cold relation among countries and could intensify each nation’s problems, reducing the overall quality of life further. The findings indicate that despite the existent domestic and transregional problems, public opinion tends to establish joint cooperation among the engaged countries. This is not in the least a result of fear of a low life quality among the inhabitants of the said nations.

Obesity and inflammation play an important role in the development of hypertension. The aim of this study was to examine the protective effect of aerobic training along with garlic on some inflammatory indices (Lcn-2 and IL-1β) in obese women with high blood pressure.

In this study, 36 women with hypertension were selected from Sari City (north of Iran) and were randomly divided into four groups (Control, Garlic, Training and Training+Garlic). The training groups participated in a progressive aerobic training for eight weeks, three sessions a week (55 to 65% of the reserved heart rate and for 30 to 55 min). The Garlic and Training+Garlic groups were provided with 1000 mg of commercial garlic supplement for eight weeks (after breakfast and dinner). Two days before and after the protocol, the blood samples were taken in fasting state. Statistical analysis was performed using a one way analysis of variance, and significance was accepted at p ≤ 0.05.

The results showed that the weight, body mass index (BMI) and systolic blood pressure decreased significantly in the experimental group ( p=0.009, p=0.010 and p=0.000, respectively). Also there was a significant reduction of Lcn-2 and IL-1β in the Control-Garlic (p=0.019 and p=0.014), Control-Training (p=0.000 and p=0.029) and Training+Garlic groups (p=0.001 and p=0.004).

It seems that aerobic training and garlic reduce the inflammatory indices of Lcn-2 and IL-1β with reduced SBP and body composition in women with high blood pressure and obesity.

  The most common and clinically important complication in adults with diabetes is cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Exercise training and pomegranate have been recognized to ameliorate CVDs. The aim of this study was to examine the protective effect of aerobic training along with pomegranate juice concentrate on cardiac injury biomarkers in women with type 2 diabetes. In this study, 33 women with type 2 diabetes were selected from Babol City and were randomly divided into four groups (control, pomegranate concentrate, training and pomegranate concentrate+training). The training groups participated in a progressive aerobic training for six weeks, three sessions a week (60% to 75% of reserved heart rate and for 25 to 45 min). The groups of pomegranate concentrate and pomegranate concentrate+training were provided 150 mL of pomegranate juice concentrate for six weeks (at about 18 p.m). Two days before and after the protocol, their blood samples were taken in fasting state. The results showed that Troponin T, CK-MB and LDH were decreased significantly in the experimental groups (p=0.000, p=0.014 and p=0.034, respectively), whereas significant reduction of Troponin I and CK was observed only in the pomegranate concentrate+training group (p=0.048 and p=0.041, respectively). It seems that aerobic training and pomegranate juice concentrate and combination of both reduce cardiac injury biomarkers in women with type 2 diabetes

Lipocalin-2 and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1ß) are two inflammatory markers affecting on insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training with cinnamon extract on blood levels of Lipocalin-2 and IL-1ß in insulin-resistant rats. : In this experimental study thirty-six Wistar male rats were randomly divided into four groups: control (n=9), aerobic training (n=9), cinnamon (n=9), and aerobic training+cinnamon (n=9). Insulin-resistance status induced by %10 fructose solutions during 5 weeks. Training groups subjected to a 5-day per week aerobic training program (with 75-80% VO2max) for 8 weeks. Supplementayion groups subjected to injected 200 ml/kg/day cinnamon extract. Exercise training significantly reduced Lipocalin-2 compared to the control group, and compared to extract group (P<0.05). Also, in all three experimental groups, IL-1 beta decreased significantly compared to control (P<0.05), and significant decrease was observed in the extract group compared to the training group and extract (P Results of this study indicated that aerobic training with cinnamon extract more than any of them alone effects on reduction IL-1ß. But the effect of the combination of aerobic training and cinnamon extract on lipocalin-2 requires further investigation.

Exercise training represents a successful and powerful strategy to prevent future cardiovascular disease. However, Studies have shown that acute exercise can increase serum concentrations of cardiac biomarkers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a session wrestling match with beta-alanine supplementation on some indicators of heart damage in elite wrestlers. 16 wrestlers as subjects (two men in each weight) were selected and purposefully they were divided into control and experimental groups. Supplement group consumption 1000 mg beta-alanine for 4 hours before the protocol. The training program includes a course of the match was simulated, the wrestler held four wrestling match at intervals of half-hour. The amount of 8 ml blood samples from the brachial vein before, immediately after and one hour after the exercise program were collected. Data were analyzed with using of t test and analysis of variance with repeated measures at α<0.05. The results showed that a session of wrestling match with beta-alanine supplementation had no significant effect on troponin I and troponin T (P=0.05). a session of wrestling match with beta-alanine supplementation were significantly increased CKmb and LDH (P=0.000). It seems indicators damage the heart (cardiac troponin I and T) to follow the intense activity and beta-alanine supplementation does not change in athletes with high fitness.

Many elderly patients after admission to the cardiac care unit (CCU) are exposed to factors such as stress, which face them with changes in vital signs that these changes could adversely affect these patient's recovery. This study aimed to determine the effect of white noise on the vital signs of elderly patients in the CCU.

This is a quasi-experimental study in which 59 elderly patients in the cardiac intensive care unit of Shaheed Rajai Tehran Heart Center were studied. In this study, samples were selected through convenience sampling and randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control. Vital signs were measured in both groups for 3 consecutive days by charting vital signs. During this period, for the experimental group, white noise with an intensity of 50 to 60 decibels was played for 30 minutes during the day and the elderly patient's vital signs were recorded before and after the intervention, the control group did not have any intervention. Data were analyzed by SPSS, Version 18, by using independent t-test, paired t-test and Chi-square test.

In the present study, 27 elderly patients in the control group and 32 patients in the intervention group were examined. The findings showed that the white noise significantly reduced heart rate in the intervention group compared with the control group (P=0.02), but comparing other variables such as, systolic blood pressure (P=0.89) , diastolic blood pressure (P=0.73) and respiratory rate (P=0.07) did not show significant differences between the two groups.

According to the results of this study use of white noise can reduce heart rate of elderly patients admitted to the CCU.

Lack of emergency equipment’s and facilities to rescue mission crews as well as lack of access in Iran’s rural settlements and the isolation of rural entities with respect to security services have led to many casualties and damages. Taking into consideration the uneconomic nature of fire station location in rural areas, optimum location of decision may result in an increase in efficiency and security of these places. This study aims to assign the appropriate villages for locating fire station in Bookan. This in turn, requires the investigation of present status of villages regarding these security and emergency measures. This demands the application of ANP. The research method is based on descriptive – analytical method. Our community target is all of Bookan villages out of which six villages were selected. This study suggests that the current statuses of these security services are very un-appropriate and do not follow scientific pattern. Moreover, Dashband, Noubar, Gelolan and Javanmard possess high priorities regarding security locational measures as opposed to Sarighamish and Nachit which possess the least priorities.

Many researchers have reported positive effects of converter sludge and slag, two by-products in Isfahan iron melting factory. In this work, the optimum rate of application and the availability of some essential elements (for plant growth) in the converter sludge and slag for corn were investigated. The converter sludge contains about 64% Fe ІІ and ІІІ oxides and some other essential elements for plant growth. The slag also contains 17% iron oxides, 52.8% calcium oxide as well as considerable amounts of some other elements. Treatments included a control, Fe-EDTA foliar spray with 5 in 1000 concentration, application of sludge in 4 levels (L1, L2, L3 and L4 equal to 5.83, 13.33, 20.83 and 26.67 ton/ha, respectively) and application of slag in 4 levels (S1, S2, S3 and S4 equal to 3.20, 7.28, 11.36 and 15.44 ton/ha, respectively) which supply 1, 2, 3 and 4 times as much as soil test recommends, based on AB-DTPA extractable Fe in the soil. Corn (Zea mays) single cross 704 was planted for the experiment. Applications of the two compounds increased the soil extractable Fe and Mn, decreased Mg but the treatment did not change the soil-extractable Zn, Cu and Ca. The corn yield also increased due to the applications of the two compounds and the maximum yield was related to L3, L4, S3 and S4 treatments. The foliar application treated the leaf chlorosis and increased the silage, grain and leaf + stalk yields however, this was not as efficient as sludge and slag application. Also applications of the two compounds increased the Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ca and Mg uptake by corn. The L3 and S3 treatments can be recommended as the proper levels of these compounds as iron fertilizer.