asghar mohajeri

The present research to answer the questions; why and how the rate of increase / tendency of students political participation in the affirmative paradigm and in the field of insight of political sociology, with a quantitative approach and a survey method in the statistical population of Islamic Azad University students with a sample size of 380 people / students, has been done and organized. The sampling method was proportional sampling (women and men), quotas (universities) and clusters (universities and educational groups), which data was collected with researcher's questionnaire tool in the form of 50 items and self- completed questionnaires. The reliability and validity of the collection tool and data have been done and calculated in an expert manner and with the Alpha Cronbach test (88%). Research findings show that; the average age of the students is 24 years, 52% of them are male, 91% of them are single,89% of them are studying in associate and bachelor degrees and 37% of them are studying in humanities. The average level of desire for political participation of students is 1/6, their level of confidence (political confidence and self- confidence) is 1/4 their level of sociability is 1/8 and their sense of security is 2 out of 5.According to the results of the statistical test (correlation, T and F, regression analysis and analysis of path coefficients), there is a significant relationship between the explanatory variables(levels of political socialization, sense of security and trust) with the explained variable, and the independent variable, and the independent variables directly/ indirectly determine 82 the percentage of variance the level of political participation of students. therefore in order to pass theoretical propositions and political findings regarding to the students political participation to public policy-making in the mentioned field, strategic policies that is based on the findings of this present article should be compiled and applied.

The quality of urban life is a complex, dimensional, solid and largely stable structure and building that is built on the solid foundations of sustainable development and in a city with balanced development.Based on the inconsistency, conflict and conflict between the desirable state of the quality of urban life and its current state in the statistical population of the present study, a sociological survey in some areas of Tehran and urban scope of districts 10 and 17 of Tehran municipality, and in the quantitative and survey part of the research, 400 sample units/urban households were sampled using the G.power sampling method, which was made based on the research assumptions arising from the theoretical laws, the validity of which was estimated to be about 94% of Cronbach's alpha test, and the results of some similarities, and especially significant differences and variances in access to urban justice.The culture of urban poverty, poverty of urban space, widespread urban damages in these areas are noticeable and at the same time different and distinct, which in the test hypothesis of the research, a significant and determining contribution of each in explaining the quality of urban life in the neighborhoods of these areas was be tested.In the test of the theoretical model of the research, it can be analyzed that the construction of the structure of urban quality of life in the 10th and 17th urban areas of Tehran Municipality from Bastar Ali has a culture of urban poverty with an impact factor of 46% and a weak background of the urban space with an impact factor of 26% that the birth and impact has it. The damages caused by urban damages called urban damages (with an impact factor of 14%) cause this path of urban life to determine about 85% in total.

In todays city life, equal access to life opportunities, is a clear measure of urban justice, which is reflected in the quality of urban life . in a city with balanced development. A research , some of the findings of which are compiled and reported in this article , with the benefit of mixed methods and with the support of a unified theoretical system in the urban teritory of districts 10 and 17 of Tehran Municipality with the G. power sampling method on 400 sample units / urban households and it has been done with the researcher made questinnaire collection tool, the reliability of which is about 94% with cronbachs alpha test. The culture of urban poverty , poverty of urban space and urban damage in these areas are noticeable and at the same time different and district . The resulting factor of the quality of urban life is the translation of the chain of factors of efficient and participation - oriented management and unbalanced development of the city of Tehran. Therefore, the test of the empirical model of the researcher shows that the construction of the quality of urban life in the neighborhoods of the mentioned areas is made up of the factors; 46% of participatory urban management , 26 % of urban poverty culture intervention and 14% of urban spatial poverty mediation have been affected . ln general , these factors directly/ indirectly explain the quality of urban life by 85%.

The present study was conducted to identify and analyze the dominant discourse on women's championship sports in the country and to identify effective deterrents and reinforcing factors on women's championship sports.

The research method based on the nature of the data and analysis method based on discourse analysis is qualitative and based on the purpose is applied research. The statistical population of this study includes 42 women champions who were included in the list of people sent to the 2012 and 2016 World Olympic and Paralympic Games. Also, theoretical sampling was used, which according to Holloway and Amy, 4 to 40 people are sufficient for qualitative studies.

Findings of discourse analysis show various factors affecting the development of women's championship sports. These factors are classified into two main categories; deterrents and reinforcing factors. Deterrents include: lack of material and moral support of government officials, gender discrimination, lack of club facilities, infrastructure restrictions, patriarchal culture, lack of rewards; and reinforcing factors include: self-confidence, family support, perseverance, high motivation, coach support, teamwork, professional ethics, attention to religious values and women's sports culture.

In this article, Deterrents and Reinforcing factors of women's championship sports identified base on discourse analysis and classified, Solutions for the comprehensive development and improvement of women's championship sports for successful participation in the Olympic and Paralympic competitions have been presented.

From the time when the rural poor migrant rises from “the hole in the village and falls into the well in the city” in the vicious cycle and process of underdevelopment, double poverty sprouts and all kinds of its negative and unwanted functions. It appears and is revealed. With this description, Based on the inconsistency, conflict and conflict between the desirable state of the quality of urban life and its current state in the statistical population of the present study, a sociological survey with a comparative, integrative and interdisciplinary approach was conducted in some areas of Tehran, which is part of the findings. It is compiled and reported in this article. The mentioned research was carried out with the benefit of mixed methods and with the support of a unified theoretical system in the territory and urban scope of districts 10 and 17 of Tehran Municipality, and in the quantitative and survey part of the research, 400 sample units/urban households were sampled using the G.power sampling method. They were selected and measured with the tool of collecting questionnaires with a validity of about 94% of Cronbach’s alpha test, and the results of some of them are reported in the explanatory section of this article. The culture of urban poverty, poverty of urban space, and urban damage in these areas are noticeable and at the same time different and distinct, and in the research hypothesis, a significant and decisive contribution of each of them was tested in explaining the quality of urban life in the neighborhoods of these areas. In the test of the theoretical model of the research, it can be analyzed that the construction of the structure of the quality of urban life in the neighborhoods of the 10th and 17th urban areas of Tehran Municipality is based on the context of the culture of urban poverty with an impact factor of 46% and the context of urban poverty with an impact factor of 26%. The percentage that causes the birth and reproduction of new damages called urban damages (with an impact factor of 14%) and this way determines the quality of urban life in a total of about 85%. In other words, the consequence factor of the multidimensional, complex and stable structure of the quality of urban life is the interpretation and representation of the chain of factors caused by the process of double poverty and unbalanced development of the city of Tehran, which has been tested in the form of a causal model.

Interdisciplinary attention to the multidimensional problem of the street as a cultural and social concept shows the connection between urban studies and the fields of sociology and cultural management. In this article, the role of the street as a meaningful element in the urban space is discussed and its purpose is to read the cultural and social space of this space in order to discover the hidden corners of the street and its functions in order to create an urban pause and the desire of the citizens to meet this member. The city is dynamic. The research method is qualitative and three methods have been used, including the grounded theory approach to formulate the theory, field study and focus group interview with the aim of discovery. Direct and indirect observation, conversations and interviews with experts in the form of focus groups and semi-structured interviews with the actors/stakeholders are among the data collection tools. The findings show that the street scene can be transformed into a space to pause, watch and invite demanding activists to participate in the city administration in order to reduce and moderate social damages with the arrival of cultural and social capital.

The present study was conducted to identify and analyze the dominant discourse on women's championship sports in the country and to determine who and what phenomena have the greatest impact on this discourse.

The research method based on the nature of the data is qualitative and the analysis method is based on discourse analysis and based on the purpose is applied research. The statistical population of this study includes 42 women champions who were included in the list of people sent to the 2012 and 2016 World Olympic and Paralympic Games . theoretical sampling was used, 4 to 40 people are sufficient for qualitative studies.

Deterrents and Reinforcing factors. Deterrents include: lack of material and moral support of government officials, gender discrimination, lack of club facilities, infrastructure restrictions, patriarchal culture, lack of rewards; and reinforcing factors include: self-confidence, family support, perseverance, high motivation, coach support, teamwork, professional ethics, attention to religious values and women's sports culture.

it can be concluded that in order to develop women's championship sports in the country, we should focus on the categories extracted from this research to use them as mechanisms for the development of women's championship sports.

The socialization capacity of political factions includes examining the two main concepts of political socialization and political factions based in Iran. Hence, what is used as a theoretical approach is a combination of approaches to political socialization and parties, which is in the form of a framework taken from the views of Doos. Research methodology refers to documentary techniques for examining documents and focus group methods. Specialists for exploratory studies. The focus group includes the use of 8 experts who, through group interviews, reviewed, specialized identification, required data through a qualitative method, and the results according to the main question, which is the spectrum of political factions. And their typology as well as the degree of effectiveness in political socialization showed that the media in the three factions of fundamentalists and moderates and reformers in a result of the same methods and tools in conveying political socialization agree but the content of this society Acceptability is constantly changing according to factional missions and political strategies and related events.

the interdisciplinary approach, we assessed the role of the strategic factor in "leading reference groups in construction quality of life in the research area of districts 10 and 17 of tehran Municipality in 2020. using the Integrative theoretical approach and a simultaneous mixed method with the quantitative method 315 households with spatial cluster sampling method and then by G power sampling, selected and surveyed the statistical population research implementation qualitative methods interview, observation and focus group do dynamics research to describe and explain that how does the variance of the quality of life of the residents these neighborhoods and what is the role of reference groups in its construction.the research findings show that the priority of the residents of Hashemi neighborhood (region 10) choosing the reference groups, social and religious groups and Yaftabad neighborhood (region 17) economic and civil. average quality life these two neighborhoods is significantly different due to the difference between their reference groups. the residents research neighborhoods who chose reference group based contextual, biological communication variables, define and construct the mental and objective dimensions of their quality of life based patterns, criteria and judgments of their reference groups at the action level. The title of a sub-system in interaction with the urban management system in welfare planning at the structural level affect the quality of life of neighborhoods.

One of the important characteristics of social security in any society is the existence of an acceptable amount of important for all citizens in the light of which they can engage in their daily activities this article examines the relationship between the social development and the sense of social security the metropolis of Tehran.

The present study is of a quantitative type. Data were obtained through survey and a researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect information. The statistical population of the study includes all citizens over the age of 18 are in of the metropolis of Tehran. The statistical sample was obtained based on Cochran's formula (605). Sampling was performed by stratified proportional method. Data obtained from the distribution and collection of question naires were entered in SPSS software and have been analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

The Research Findings show that between the independent variables of social development with correlation of(0.316) social welfare (0.354) quality of life )0.574( and social capital 0.638 with dependent variable, the feeling of social security with the level of (0.00) is significant. It was higher than the average level and the relationship between different dimensions and the feeling of social security was confirmed.

the results of the research test show that with experience of a betterlevelof social development, quality of life, social capital and social security in programs related to social security, special attention is paid.

One of the important characteristics of social security in any society is the existence of an acceptable level of quality of urban life for all citizens in that light of which they can engage in their daily activities. The present study is of a quantitative type. Data were obtained through survey and a researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect information. The statistical population of the study includes all citizens over the age of 18 are in of the metropolis of Tehran. The statistical sample was obtained based on Cochran's formula (605). Sampling was performed by stratified proportional method. Data obtained from the distribution and collection of questionnaires were entered in SPSS software and have been analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings show that out of six indicators of social participation with a beta rate (0.363), a sense of gender equality. with a beta rate of (0.353) and physical health with a beta rate (0.138) they have the greatest impact on the dependent variable ,the feeling of social security in the metropolis of Tehran

The purpose of the present study is to survey contradictions in the fundamental values and political socialization methods of Iran's mass media officials in 2019.  The method of study is a mixture of qualitative and quantitative techniques and all the research hypotheses denoting that the potentials of conservative, moderate, and reformist officials have a significant effect on political socialization were confirmed. It was also approved that the value beliefs of conservative, moderate, and reformist officials have a significant effect on political socialization. Furthermore, this point was emphasized that the capacities of conservative, moderate, and reformist media have a significant effect on political socialization.

In today's Iranian society, with the diversity and expansion of economic, social and cultural capital of individuals, the methods of choosing a spouse have changed. This article explains the sociological impact of capital (economic, social and cultural) on the methods of choosing a spouse. In the theoretical framework, Pierre Bourdieu's view was used. The research method used in this article is a survey and the data collection tool is a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study was both Tehran men and women who have been married for the last ten years. Using cluster sampling method and then the quota of 385 people were selected as a statistical sample. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire and the data were analyzed based on descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS22 software, Lisrel structural equation modeling software. Data analysis shows that there is a significant relationship between economic, social and cultural capital with spouse selection methods. Also, using the structural equation model, the effect of social capital (0.75) is cultural capital (0.68) and economic capital (0.66).Keywords: attitude, spouse selection, cultural capital, social capital and economic capital.

The aim of the present study is to make a comparative assessment of why and how the role of reference groups at the structural and action levels in the construction quality of urban life and using the combined theoretical approach of sociology and the simultaneous combined method From the statistical population of districts 10 and 17 of Tehran Municipality, by sampling methods of spatial cluster and G power, 315 households were selected and surveyed to describe the variance of quality of life of the residents of these areas and the direct and indirect role of reference groups in the construction quality of urban life. Qualitative findings categorize specific species of reference groups and show very distinct physical differences in urban space, and  also quantitative research findings show:the priority of residents of Hashemi neighborhood (region 10) in selecting reference groups, mainly traditional and religious and Yaftabad neighborhood (District 17) is economic and civil. The average quality of life of these two neighborhoods is significantly different due to the difference between their reference groups, on the other hand, the residents of research neighborhoods who chose their reference group based on their contextual, biological and communication variables, construct mental and objective dimensions of their quality of life based on the patterns, criteria and judgments of their reference groups (action level) and on the other hand, reference groups through urban and physical space of neighborhoods have an effective role in the construction quality of urban life (construction level).

Abstract In today's world, the use of the Internet by users is expanding, virtual social networks with a variety of functions that can influence spying methods with their hidden function. This article examines the sociological impact of the performance of virtual social networks on spouse selection practices. In the theoretical framework, the theories of William Good, Giddens and Habermas have been used. The research method used, survey and data collection tool is a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study was both men and women in Tehran who have been married for the past five years. Using cluster sampling method and then the quota of 385 people were selected as a statistical sample. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire and the data were analyzed based on descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS22 software, Lisrel structural equation modeling software. Data analysis shows that there is a significant relationship between the expansion of the public sphere, the formation of communication understanding, increasing awareness and social mobility with spouse selection methods. Also, using the structural equation model, the effect of expanding the public sphere (0.38), increasing communication understanding (0.56), increasing awareness (0.81) and social mobility (0.56).

Political participation is seen as one of the major indicators of development. As part of the human capital of any society, women can play a decisive role in governing the country with their political participation. In the process of changing patterns of life, the phenomenon of “political participation” means “opportunities for many citizens to engage in political affairs” and it can also be referred to as a point of intersection of cultural and political structure in any society. Political participation can be meaningful at both mass and elite levels, but in any case, it has always been prevalent among different sections of society, both men and women.So women in every society appear to be a central force whose employment and activities along with men as part of the active population of society have a great impact on the growth, development, and building of society, but when women are involved in the process of political participation in a way, like downtown voters, they only go to the polls on the elections day.The widespread propaganda of enemies in political and soft warfare and their cultural aggression and their major efforts are focused on reducing political participation, especially that of women, with excuses such as the lack of democracy and oppression of women in political, social, cultural, and other spheres. A scientific study of the factors that influence women’s participation and their attitudes in this regard, and especially the factors such as self-concept, which influence the process of women’s development and personality formation during their life experiences, can be of great importance and necessity. Thus, in general, women’s participation, especially in politics and decision-making, plays an important role in the development and modernization of each country. Besides, taking the importance of this partnership into account, every country should strive to remove the cultural, social, political, and economic barriers to women’s participation so as to re-socialize women and understand their abilities to provide the ground for the growth and prosperity of society in all fields. Therefore, regarding the relationship between political participation and self-concept, it is also important to build on women’s personal experiences in the field of political participation and to influence their relationship with the environment of fundamental change.

The research method in this study was descriptive (survey) and purposeful. The statistical population of the study consisted of all women of Tehran who were of political age and eligible to participate in political activities, including elections. According to the Census of 1395 (2016) in Iran, the number of these people is about 3.5 million. In this study, Cochran formula was used to determine the sample size. According to the statistical population, the sample was composed of 389 persons. Also, multi-stage cluster sampling was used to select and access the samples. For this purpose, Tehran was first divided into 22 municipal districts as the first cluster. Then, four districts were randomly selected from among the 22 districts. Based on sampling, districts no. 2, 6, 14, and 17 were selected. Then, in the selected areas, the second clustering, namely, the designation of neighborhoods was performed, and three neighborhoods in each district were selected using simple random sampling. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to estimate the reliability of the questionnaire. In order to ensure the reliability of the questionnaire, pre-test was performed on 26 statistical population before data collection. Cronbach’s alpha for both scales of political participation (0.724.) and self-concept (0.753) indicates the reliability of these scales and the high internal consistency and consistency of the items.

Based on the results of the background variables (respondents’ image), it can be stated that the highest level of education was for bachelor degree holders (37%), indicating the appropriate level of education of the respondents to collaborate with the researcher. The highest age ratio was related to 18-27 year olds (30%) and the highest marriage rate was married (51%).

In the end, it can be said that understanding the factors that influence political participation, especially among women who make up half of the country’s active population, is very important in the fate of the country because if they do not participate, democracy will not literally exist in the current society. The right choices are not made in different elections and political events. The notion that women are based on the status of society and the patriarchal system in a way that makes them inferior to men and weaker than them makes them incapable of choosing right or inclined to participate in political affairs and political participation, and women perceive themselves to be so. Besides, their religion, age, abilities, and gender, if reinforced, could well form a high level of political participation in the society, which also confirmed the relationship between the two variables, and whatever the women’s perception as regards themselves and their religion, gender, and their abilities and age, and generally high level of self-concept, have greater level of political participation and democratic system.

Social capital are considered is an important indicator of growth and development in every society. It seems one of the factors that can increase or decrease contribute to social capital, are the mass media. The present study was to investigate the relationship between watching television and social capital and its dimensions (social trust, social participation and social association). The main purpose, study of the relationship between whatching TV and social capital And consequently the main hypothesis is that there is a significant relationship between the whatching TV and social capital. Research methods is survey and techniques using a questionnaire. The population of the study, of people over 15 years old were Zarabad. Cochran's sample size formula 400 selected using Cluster sampling data have been collected. The results show that among the variables: age, sex and education are correlated with social capital and The dimensions of social capital, But the relationship between marital status, employment and income, and there is no significant relationship between social capital. The findings also show that the variables of the Watching TV, The watch domestic TV programs, The watch foreign TV programs, Type watching TV programs, Satisfaction of domestic TV programs, Satisfaction of foreign TV programs Have a significant relationship with social capital and its dimensions.