farideh ashraf ganjooei

The status and position of women in the management system face numerous challenges and problems. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the objective of explaining the managerial position of women in sports assemblies at the national and international levels.

This study was applied in terms of its objective and mixed (qualitative and quantitative) in terms of its implementation method. The population in the qualitative part consisted of sports experts, professors, and high-ranking sports managers, from whom 16 individuals were selected as the sample through purposive sampling based on the principle of theoretical saturation. The population in the quantitative part included sports experts, athletes, professors, and high-ranking sports managers, from whom 141 individuals were selected as the sample through random sampling based on the Cochran's formula. The research tools were semi-structured interviews in the qualitative part and researcher-made questionnaires in the quantitative part, the psychometric indices of which were confirmed. Data were analyzed using coding methods and exploratory factor analysis.

The findings from the qualitative part revealed that the managerial position of women in sports assemblies at the national and international levels encompasses 54 concepts in 27 subcategories and 10 categories, including identity formation in managerial spaces, division of labor capability, overcoming gendered spaces, effective control, program orientation, field management and leadership, social support for women's management, management practice, organizational efficiency, networks, and communication skills. Moreover, the quantitative findings indicated that all 27 observed variables had a positive standardized factor loading and a critical ratio greater than 1.96 with each of the 10 latent constructs, thus confirming their validity, and their reliability was calculated to be higher than 0.70 using Cronbach's alpha. In addition, the model of women's managerial position in sports assemblies at the national and international levels fitted well, having a direct and significant effect on all 10 constructs of identity formation in managerial spaces, division of labor capability, overcoming gendered spaces, effective control, program orientation, field management and leadership, social support for women's management, management practice, organizational efficiency, networks, and communication skills (P<0.05).

Based on the results of this research, to improve the managerial position of women in sports assemblies at the national and international levels, it is possible to create conditions for the realization of the identified subcategories and categories.

In Iran, the situation of women has major challenges and there is a high tension between elites and rulers. In many cases, the motherly role of women is still emphasized in the society more than her entry into the public arena, and this is in fundamental contradiction with the position of the management system of women in various societies. Based on this, the aim of this research is to provide a model of the position of women's management system in sports associations.

This research was conducted using the qualitative data method of the foundation. The statistical population includes sports experts and professors and high-ranking sports managers of the country, 16 of whom were purposefully interviewed as a statistical sample in a two-way collaborative dialogue. The selection of participants in qualitative research is done with the aim of obtaining the most information about the investigated phenomenon, and therefore sports experts and high-ranking professors and managers of sports in the country have the most information in this field. The end of sampling is theoretical saturation, and theoretical saturation is achieved when additional data does not help to complete and specify a theoretical category, and the samples then look similar. Data analysis was done in three stages of open, axial and core coding.

By analyzing 16 in-depth interviews and implementing these interviews, 125 meaningful concepts and propositions were extracted and then 141 corresponding concepts were extracted from these 125 concepts. The overlapping and semantic proximity of many corresponding concepts has caused the researchers to use their theoretical sensitivity to introduce and explain these 141 concepts into 27 sub-categories and finally 27 sub-categories with ten main categories.

These ten subcategories include; Identifying in managerial spaces, the ability to divide work, overcoming gendered spaces, effective control, program-oriented, networks and communication skills, fieldwork and leadership, gaining social support for women's management, management practice and organizational efficiency, which are further abstracted in the coding stage. Selective, a core category describing "the position of women's management system in sports associations in the conditions of overcoming gendered spaces and attracting social support for women's management in the context of the ability to divide work and organizational efficiency with the intervention of women's networks and communication skills based on strategies; field management and leadership, program-oriented and management practice, despite the consequences of identification in the management spaces and effective control in Iranian society, it is possible to realize" appeared, which can cover all other categories

The purpose of this study was to design a model of business strategies for marketing sports products on social networks. The statistical sample of this study consisted of 20 experts (university faculty members, employment and entrepreneurship consultants, and sports market consultants and sports business managers). Sampling was purposeful and snowballs and continued until the interviews reached the stage of theoretical saturation. Data were collected through in-depth and semi-structured interviews. The validity of the study was confirmed based on the criteria of "acceptability", "transferability" and "verifiability". Also, 85% reliability was reported. According to the obtained results, it can be said that in order to provide an implementation mechanism, 1) innovation strategy, 2) customer relationship strategy, 3) infrastructure strategy, 4) development strategy, 5) service strategy, 6) Expert manpower strategy, 7) Promotion strategy, 8) Pricing strategy and 9) Product strategy to be considered. Marketing strategies have an impact on the performance of sports businesses, meaning that sports businesses on social networks can reach a good position in a competitive environment when they have a good marketing strategy. Therefore, it is necessary for sports business managers in social networks to pay special attention to marketing strategies in order to develop their performance.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors affecting the development of insurance in country sports based on the data foundation theory. The research method was qualitative and its nature was exploratory-fundamental which was done based on the data foundation theory. The statistical population of the study included all the elites in the field of insurance in sports. Based on the selection of snowballs, 15 people were identified as the sample until they reached theoretical saturation. Data collection tool included semi-structured interviews. Open, axial and selective coding were used to analyze the research data. The output of the research was a paradigm model of factors affecting the development of insurance in the country sports. In total, five general categories were identified, which included causal factors, contextual factors, intervening factors, strategies and consequences. In the axial coding stage, causal factors, contextual factors (legal issues, structural issues, cultural issues and knowledge issues), intervening factors (managerial factors, attitudinal factors, economic-political factors), strategies, consequences (sports consequences and technical consequences) and the main phenomenon was identified along with the codes related to each factor.

The mission of management and the main goal of managers of any organization is the effective and efficient use of various resources and facilities of the organization such as labor, capital, energy materials and information. On the other hand, when organizations create and develop innovation activities, Face more uncertainty and variability in the innovation process and need creative staff That Be flexible, risk-averse, and tolerant of uncertainty and ambiguity; therefore, organizations should be involved in hiring Emphasize these features more.  The recent twenty years articles were used in the Persian and English journals from databases in the Google Scholar, ProQuest, Elsevier, Pubmed, ISI (Web of Science), SID, Iran Medex and Scopus. The search for articles from the mentioned databases was mainly done using keywords; talent management, innovation and sport organization and health-oriented organizations. The process of selecting articles was based on this strategy: In the initial search, 94 articles were obtained, and after studying the titles and abstracts, 54 articles were selected. Following the research process, 34 articles were selected by reviewing the content and full text of the article, of which 26 articles had the necessary characteristics and were in accordance with the indicators and objectives of the study. The review analysis along with qualitative approach was used. The findings showed that Most studies have shown the relationship and positive effect of talent management and innovation on organizational approach and consequently the performance of sports organizations. Also, the course of the studied models is developmental. Considering the dimensions and elements of each model and their combination with each other, the key variables of these models can be placed in health-oriented organizations such as the Tehran Municipality Sports organization.

The quality of life is one of the variables that it'sinvestigate is very important and it seems that the presence in thesports-recreational places of parks has an effective role on it.Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the impact ofstudents' presence in the sports-recreational places of parks on thequality of life through the mediation of socio-economic status.

This study was descriptive from type ofcorrelation. The research population was the students using thesports-recreational places of Tehran city parks in 2021-2022academic years. Among them, number of 450 students were selectedas samples by random cluster sampling method. The data werecollected by researcher-made questionnaire of students' presence inthe sports-recreational places of parks, quality of life inventory(Varni et al., 2001) and socio-economic status questionnaire(Ghodratnama et al., 2013) and were analyzed by the structuralequation modeling method in SPSS-25 and Smart PLS-3 software.

The findings showed that the model of students' presencein the sports-recreational places of parks on the quality of lifethrough the mediation of socio-economic status had a good fit. Also,the students' presence in the sports-recreational places of parks hada direct and significant effect on the quality of life and socioeconomic status and socio-economic status had a direct andsignificant effect on quality of life and the students' presence in thesports-recreational places of parks had an indirect and significanteffect on the quality of life through the mediation of the socioeconomic status (P<0.001).

The findings of the research indicated the direct effectof students' presence in the sports-recreational places of parks on thequality of life and its indirect effect through the mediation of socioeconomic status. Therefore, in order to improve students' quality oflife can provide the basis for improve their students' presence in thesports-recreational places of parks and socio-economic status.

The purpose of this research is to examine the structural model of correlation between the technological entrepreneurship ecosystem and collective investment in Tehran Municipal Sports Organization.

The method of this research is applied and descriptive-analytical. The research samples consist of 225 senior managers, middle managers, experts in the field of investment, who were selected by available sampling method. The research data collection tools were two standard questionnaires including the entrepreneurial ecosystem and the collective investment questionnaire with four components (type of investment, role of investment, goals of investment and scope of investment), which is a spectrum of 5 Likert values were evaluated. To analyze the collected data, Pearson's correlation test and confirmatory factor analysis were used by SPSS and LISREL software.

The research findings showed that there is a significant correlation between entrepreneurial ecosystem and crowdfunding variables.

Also, the results of the structural model showed that the technological entrepreneurship ecosystem factor can predict the components of the collective investment factor. Therefore, it is suggested that the managers of the sports organization should pay special attention to their creative ideas and behaviors in order to attract collective investment.

The strategy plan for talent identification of athletes plays an important role in talent identification and improving the performance of athletes. Therefore, the purpose of the current research was to examining the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the strategic plan for talent identification of athletes based on the SWOT method and providing strategies for them.

This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was descriptive. The research population was experts and managers of the billiards federation, coaches of national and club billiards teams and heads of the talent identification committee, which according to the principle of theoretical saturation number of 13 people of them were selected as a sample with using the purposive sampling method. Data were collected by semi-structured interview and research-made questionnaire and analyzed by weighted average and rank methods in SPSS software.

The findings showed that for the strategic plan for talent identification of athletes were identified 12 strengths, 29 weaknesses, 18 opportunities and 8 threats. Also, the evaluation of the internal factors of the strategic plan for talent identification of athletes showed that the amount of attention to strengths in compared to weaknesses was higher, and the evaluation of its external factors showed that the amount of attention to opportunities in compared to threats was higher. Finally, according to the analysis of internal and external factors were designed strategies for them.

According to the results of the present study, the attention of managers and officials to the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the strategic plan for talent identification of athletes can have appropriate consequences.