hossein kazemi

 Agriculture is one of the most important economic sectors of the country, and it plays a vital role in achieving sustainable development, which requires the use of scientific principles and methods and the recognition of environmental capabilities. In this regard, there is a close relationship between agricultural development and environmental resources. In recent years, the level of agricultural land has decreased, and this decrease in land suitable for agricultural production can be attributed to the lack of optimal land use, which has directly affected the ability to produce food on a large scale and seriously affected food security. However, in many cases, agricultural systems have low production, which is related to management issues. Also, the climatic capabilities of the regions are sometimes effective as a limiting factor in crop production. Based on this, it is very important to identify the capabilities of the land before the performance of various activities such as agriculture. This study was carried out with the aim of agroecological evaluation of lands in Behshahr County (Yane-Sar region) for lentil cultivation using spatial analysis of geographical information system (GIS) and analysis hierarchy process (AHP) in 2021-2022.

 This research was carried out in the agricultural lands of the Yane-sar district of Behshahr county in Mazandaran province from 2021 to 2022. In order to prepare digital maps of soil characteristics of agricultural lands, agricultural soil samples were taken after the harvest in the summer of 2021. In this research, climatic variables (minimum, maximum, average temperatures and annual precipitation), topography (slope, aspect, and elevation above sea level), and soil characteristics (texture, K, P, Cu, Mn, N, Fe, TNV, organic matter, EC, pH) were used. Thematic maps for each variable were created using various models in ArcGIS 10.8 and then overlaid with AHP weights. The final map was classified into four categories: high suitability, suitability, semi-suitability, and non-suitability.

 The results showed that the range of electrical conductivity (EC) in the soil of agricultural lands of the study area was between 0.84-2.63 dS m-1. According to its distribution, most of it is located in the northwest and southeast of the region, and its lowest value is located in the central and northern regions. Also, the results showed that the distribution of soil organic matter (OM) is between 0.35-7.22 percent. The central and southern areas of this region had the minimum percentage of organic matter. The results showed that the most suitable areas for lentil cultivation are located in the northern, central, and southern parts of the region. In general, two classes of high suitability and suitability comprise about 56.97% of the area. One of the main reasons for this result was the suitable soil fertility, rainfall, and topographical conditions. Zones with semi-suitability and non-suitability cultivation potential were also included in 43.03% of the region's area. The results showed that the northwest, parts of the centre, and parts of the southwest were located in the semi-suitability class for lentil cultivation. 

Conclusion :

 Considering various factors to determine the suitable lands for lentil cultivation, it was found that most of the agricultural lands in the studied region were in zones of high suitability for lentil cultivation. Also, in the semi-suitability and non-suitability classes, low nitrogen amount in parts of the centre, high humidity and rainfall in the west of the region, high phosphorus amounts in parts of the central and northwest regions, the inappropriate texture in some fields and low rainfall were determined as limiting factors for the growth of lentil.

Today, the DeNitrification DeComposition (DNDC) is model used to anticipate soil organic carbon (SOC) turnover and crop growth under various field management practices. Gorgan County is an important region for soybean production in Iran.  We aimed to 1) validate the DNDC model for modeling SOC dynamic in croplands under soybean cropping, 2) simulate the total topsoil (0–30 cm) SOC stocks of soybean cropping systems, 3) quantify the spatial distributions of carbon sequestration potential of soybean-grown croplands by Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. In this research, soil samples were taken from 150 fields at depth of 0–30 cm before soybean cultivation and after crop harvesting. In this research, we used the site simulation type of DNDC model for simulation and denitrification/decomposition procedure. Inputs in the DNDC model included information on survey region, climate, soil, crop properties, and farmland management practices. The soil and crop properties categorized into farming management practices such as fertilization, tillage, grazing or plant cutting, and irrigation. The climatic data were obtained from one meteorological station located within the study area. To continue, crop parameters were provided based on field survey and laboratory work. Also, the soil properties (including texture, bulk density, pH, SOC, soil total N, field capacity, wilting point, hydro-conductivity point, porosity and clay fraction) were obtained from sampling sites distributed in soybean croplands of Gorgan county. Results indicated that the DNDC model can simulate the SOC values for soybean fields. Based on the results, there was correlation between the simulated and measured data for SOC. The average concentration and storage of carbon sequestration were as 3.97 and 1.42 Mg ha-1 for observed situation and in predicted situations obtained as 2.60, and 1.42 Mg ha-1, respectively. The highest content of SOC was related to the east, southeast, and central parts toward the south of the county, which was affected by several factors such as soil bulk density, regional climatic condition, using conservation cropping systems, improved irrigation systems, and fertilization management type. The study provided new information on how improvements in the process-based DNDC model in Iran. Therefore, it can be utilized to determine SOC change and dynamism and carbon sequestration potential on the regional scale.

The auditors' performance evaluation process includes evaluating and conveying feedback to the auditors. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the performance of independent auditors based on the data theory of the foundation. The present research method is fundamental in terms of its purpose and exploratory and survey in terms of its nature. In the current research, using a qualitative approach and with the help Grounded theory and using in-depth interviews, 31 managers and audit partners were interviewed in 1401 in order to understand their subjective meanings of the approach of evaluating the performance of independent auditors in the audit process. The data was analyzed using the open coding method in the Grounded theory, and with the help of the paradigmatic approach, categories emerged and were presented in its format. Finally, using the Delphi method, a researcher-made questionnaire containing 17 questions from the interviews was prepared and approved. The model obtained by professional experts, completion and the obtained results show the efficiency and effectiveness of the said model. SPS version 25 software was used for data analysis. The results of the show that the goal-oriented approach is effective in evaluating the performance of the personnel of the institutions according to the statistical findings. Given the limited scope of previous research and the lack of comprehensive research in Iran, the designed model, which is multifaceted, provides a broad view of evaluating the performance of independent auditors based on a goal-oriented approach, which can be used in audit quality improvement programs.

Laminated composite materials are susceptible to damage, such as delamination, due to poor out-of-plane properties and inadequate adhesion at the layer interface. Using the interlayering method is an effective way to enhance resistance against delamination in these materials. However, interlayer synthesis methods have been limited and sometimes very expensive. Therefore, this study investigates the impact of novel 3D-printed polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) interlayers on the mode II interlaminar fracture toughness in glass/epoxy laminated composites. Notably, the interlayers feature a geometrical structure consisting of square cell shapes, allowing the filament to have an equal volume percentage to the resin in the interlayer. To achieve this, end-notch flexure specimens (ENF) were prepared, and the mode II interlaminar fracture toughness was calculated using the compliance-based beam method (CBBM). The specimens' crack growth resistance curve (R-curve) analysis revealed that using the desired 3D-printed interlayer increases the mode II interlaminar fracture toughness by 73%. Furthermore, the behavior of crack growth resistance in laminated composites reinforced with 3D-printed interlayer shows an increasing trend. The mode II fracture surface analysis of reinforced specimens demonstrates the influence of square cell shapes in creating shear hackles, increasing surface friction at the interface of laminated composite layers, crack pinning mechanism, and changing the direction of crack growth, ultimately leading to increased resistance to crack growth.

This study examined the status of management accounting application in the public sector and its development strategies. To this end, electronic questionnaires distributed to 96 participants were used to obtain the necessary data. The data were analyzed using a one-sample t-test. The result showed that management accounting functions are not implemented correctly in the public sector. For instance, lack of knowledge of managers regarding management accounting functions, lack of experts in key and crucial positions, incomplete application of accrual accounting convention, neglect of future-oriented data, lack of accountability in the public sector, delay in submitting financial data, and preference for political managers over qualified ones have all contributed to the subpar state of management accounting functions in the public sector. The results also showed that initiatives including promoting operational accountability systems, emphasizing management accounting in universities, recruiting professionals for public organizations’ financial departments, encouraging competition among public sector organizations, selecting managers based on their qualifications and evaluating their performance, establishing a performance management system in the public sector, ranking organizations according to how accountable they are to the public, offering practical skill training, holding relevant seminars and conferences, establishing a system for data-based decisions, and increasing managers’ understanding of management accounting’s functions can advance management accounting in the public sector.

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench), known for its high photosynthetic efficiency and biomass production, is utilized for various purposes, including food, animal feed, fiber, and fossil fuels. Salinity stress stands as a significant abiotic stressor that exerts numerous adverse effects on growth and crop yield. In order to investigate the physiological and morphological response of sorghum to salinity stress, a pot experiment was conducted in the greenhouse and laboratory of the University of Guilan, Iran, following a factorial split-plot design based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications in 2021. The sorghum cultivars, Fuman and Sepideh, were subjected to salinity stress at four different levels, including control, 75 mM, 125 mM, and 175 mM NaCl, in the 4-5 leaf stage, with subsequent measurements taken at 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after stress exposure. The results of the variance analysis demonstrated that the interaction between cultivars Fuman and Sepideh, various levels of salinity stress, and sampling times had a significant effect on the measured indices at the 1% level. Mean comparisons of treatment combinations indicated that proline, soluble sugars, ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, electrolyte leakage, and root length traits increased under salinity stress, showing a positive correlation with stress intensity. In contrast, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid, protein, plant height, relative water content (RWC), leaf area, plant fresh weight, and plant dry weight decreased under salinity stress, with these traits declining as the stress level increased. In terms of the percentage of changes, soluble sugars had the greatest effect on stress, while RWC had the least impact. Based on the results, it can be concluded that sorghum employs mechanisms such as increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, proteins, and osmotic regulation through important osmolytes such as proline and soluble sugars to achieve tolerance to salinity stress. Additionally, the findings revealed that the Foman cultivar, known for its higher tolerance, exhibited a more favorable response to reducing oxidative damage caused by salinity stress compared to the Sepideh cultivar, making it a potential candidate for areas exposed to salinity stress through the implementation of appropriate management strategies.

In recent years, the new concept of human security was introduced to the world community at the same time as the wave of governments' tendency to adopt new strategies in line with sustainable development, and clearly with the United Nations Development Center's annual report, which in its seven dimensions (economic, food, health, environmental, personal, social and political) affected the general policies of governments. The effective use of human resources, in such a way as to lead to the growth and development of core capabilities, is one of the most important organizational goals and a factor in gaining competitive advantage. This article aims to improve the security of human capital with the approach of strategic foresight capabilities. The statistical population of this research consists of two groups of professors in the field of management and a group of managers in the field of industry. With the purposeful sampling method, 17 university professors and industry managers were selected as a statistical sample of experts. Finally, to improve the security of human capital with the approach of strategic foresight capabilities; The relationship between the components of the two variables of human capital and strategic capabilities; With the structural equation modeling method, the results of the research showed that the variable of the organization's strategic foresight capabilities includes the components of dynamic capabilities, environmental navigation capabilities, strategic selection capabilities, integrated capabilities, individualistic capabilities, and the human capital variable includes the components of cognitive capabilities, behavioral capabilities and Competence is metacognitive. According to the results of the research and analysis of the relationships between the components, it was suggested that organizations should pay more attention to the cognitive ability, behavioral capabilities and metacognitive competence of the employees.

Owing to the increasing demand in the industry for materials possessing favorable mechanical properties and a high strength-to-weight ratio, the utilization of laminated composites has seen a surge in popularity. Nevertheless, laminated composite materials are susceptible to delamination because of their inadequate out-of-plane strengths and poor adhesion at the interface of composite laminated layers. This research aimed to enhance the mode II critical strain energy release rate in glass/epoxy laminated composites by using the inter-layering method and polyvinyl alcohol as the interlayer. To achieve this purpose, end-notch flexure samples (ENF) were fabricated using the hand lay-up technique. The experimental results indicate that the presence of a polyvinyl alcohol interlayer led to a significant increase of 177% in the initiation fracture toughness and 36% in the propagation fracture toughness. The reason for this is to increase the adhesion between the composite layers and reduce their tendency to slide relative to each other. Furthermore, the examination of the fracture surface of ENF samples demonstrated that the utilization of the interlayer induced a transition in the failure mechanism from adhesive failure to cohesive failure, thereby generating a rougher fracture surface in comparison to the neat sample. It is important to note that examining the crack growth resistance curve and comparing the strain energy release rate obtained from the CCM and CBBM methods demonstrated a favorable agreement.

The utilisation of nanoparticles is widely recognised as a prevalent approach for improving the mechanical properties of polyester, owing to the favourable characteristics and weak mechanical properties of polyester. However, challenges such as the high cost of synthesising and agglomerating nanoparticles have hindered this process. Consequently, lemon juice was utilised in this research to synthesise nanoparticles with optimal surface quality through the employment of the green synthesis method, which is a burgeoning technique in nanocomposites. The Nano-reinforcement materials possess a composite structure, comprising silica nanoparticles and magnesium hydroxide Nano-shells, which leads to achieving the common properties of both Nano-materials. In this present study examined the flexural properties of polyester-based nanocomposites through incorporating nanoparticles at three different weight percentages (0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75%). The nanoparticles crystal was validated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and XRD patterns. Based on the bending test results, using these nanoparticles at a concentration of 0.25 wt% led to a 48% increase in flexural strength and a 47% increase in flexural modulus. Moreover, the results demonstrated that the flexural strength decreased to 40% as the weight percentage of nanoparticles increased. The decrease can be ascribed to the aggregation of nanoparticles and the destruction of polymer cross-links.

sustainable knowledge is an emerging issue and has received wide attention in the health care sector of the country in recent decades. The purpose of this research is to validation of sustainable knowledge model based on human resources in the Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Education.

The method of this research is content analysis. The statistical population included experts and specialists in the field of human resources management in the Ministry of Health, Medical Education, and academic staff members of the university, who were interviewed by snowball sampling method in the number of 20 people until theoretical saturation in a semi-structured way. After collecting data, MAXQDA 2020 software was used. Interpretive structural modeling was used to validate the model.

The findings showed that the sustainable knowledge model includes 6 main categories (improving work life in order to improve knowledge, support for knowledge expansion, realism for knowledge sharing, trust building for knowledge dissemination, social commitment in order to apply knowledge and competence in line with the development of knowledge) and 19 subcategories. Among the 19 sub-categories, ISM findings showed that the two components of social competence and love of work form the cornerstone of the model.

Undoubtedly, focusing on sustainable knowledge in the health sector is inevitable. The Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Education must analyze the dimensions of sustainable knowledge in order to achieve success in the field of health.

Focusing on the new capabilities of human capital is one of the important aspects of the country's food industry, which leads to differentiaton from other competitors. The purpose of this research is to identify the capabilities of human capital in Minoo Company.

In this research, the systematic review method was used in several stages in Minoo Company. After identifying the concepts and codes of human capital capabilities and evaluating its validity and reliability, the initial conceptual model of the research was designed. From the 58 retrieved studies, 11 related studies were selected. At the level of analysis and presentation of the model, Sandelovski and Barso (2006) Meta combination method was used.

The findings showed that the research model included 5 capabilities including synergistic capabilities, environmental navigation capabilities, strategic selection capabilities, adaptability capabilities, and rationalistic capabilities. The identified capabilities were approved by Minoo Company's organizational experts.

For the distinctiveness and uniqueness of Minoo Company's human capital, it is necessary that the identified capabilities should be taken into consideration by the managers so that they can be several steps ahead of the country's food industry competitors in terms of human capital.

The organic carbon in soil is correlated with soil quality and important for evaluating management practices and related structural and functional consequences in land uses. Carbon input to different ecosystems varies with plant type, soil fertility, management practice, and climatic condition. This review evaluates carbon sequestration potentials in various land uses, land use change effects on carbon sequestration and ways to increase the carbon sequestration in these land uses. According to various studies, the protected forest ecosystems and cereal croplands had respectively the highest and lowest carbon sequestration rates compared to other ecosystems. In most of the reviewed cases, land use change reduces vegetation cover and prevents the maintenance of the organic matter in the soil. Heavy soil destruction is based on the alteration of natural ecosystems into agroecosystems and urban land uses. In contrast, forests supply 20 to 100 times more carbon than croplands. Soil organic carbon content in agricultural lands is approximately 15 to 30% lower than natural soils. Finally, it could be concluded that management practices and policy could strongly influence the carbon sequestration process. On the other hand, in all land uses, carbon sequestration potential can be increased by appropriate management activities. Thus, more attention to carbon sequestration for sustainability development and reasonable management is essential in landscape planning and policy support actions.

In order to become a world power, every country needs to dominate the economy and communication ways in order to expand its sphere of influence in the world through production and export. Iranian civilization in the pre-Islamic period and in the flourishing era of Islamic civilization was the superior power of the Middle East by dominating land and sea routes. In this period, the most important land transit route in the world until the 15th century was the Silk Road, which, due to the high volume of transportation, was the basis for the emergence and development of cities and connected the big cities of that time to each other and caused their globalization. you will The most important of these cities in this period were Samarkand, Bukhara, Merv, Nishapur, Ray, Tabriz, Trabuzan and Baghdad, which with the decline of Eastern civilization and the rise of Western civilization, due to the position of Western countries and the differences between Islamic countries and the West, sea routes were developed. And the land routes and the cities on the way became less developed, so that today more than 80% of world trade is done through sea transportation and this type of transportation is based on The main is the global economy and of course, most of the global cities and the world's first level cities (Tokyo, London and New York) are located on the coast of the oceans. This trend shows that the flow of urban capital from the central regions of the continents has been directed to the peripheral regions of the continents, and this has strengthened the countries with a sea-based economy, and the large and old cities of the Middle East have suffered the most from this change in direction

The current research, with a future-research approach, identifies the most important factors affecting the transformation of Isfahan into an Islamic global city and identifies key players in this field. This research is practical in terms of purpose, and according to the components under investigation, the governing approach is descriptive-analytical. Environmental scanning and Delphi techniques have been used to identify variables and indicators, and structural analysis has been used in MicMac software and Mactor model for data analysis. In scenario-based studies, the expertise and knowledge of experts has been preferred over the general quantity. And the desired sample size should not be less than 25 people. In this research, in order to consciously select the participants, the purposeful sampling method has been used. The statistical population of this research is 50 expert experts in the field of urban issues, including municipal experts, doctoral students and university professors, cultural heritage and tourism experts, stock exchange experts, and engineers of Consulting Engineers. In this research, in order to maintain the validity of the questionnaire, all the items that measure the research variables (the same factors that are effective in transforming Isfahan into an Islamic global city) were used from the previous research items that were conducted under the supervision of experienced professors. Also, the opinions of professors and experts of this subject were also used during the interviews to compile the appropriate items for the research topic. Also, the reliability coefficient that enables the validity of the results of these questionnaires to generalize to the statistical community was obtained through Cronbach's alpha test and SPSS software, and the reliabilities of all of them were confirmed. In the last stage of this research, the key players have been identified through Mactor software

In this research, firstly, with a future research approach, the identification and analysis of the factors influencing the emergence of Isfahan city as a world-class city, then in the next stage, according to the key factors, the key players who play a role in realizing the policies of Isfahan's transformation to the The Islamic global city has been identified using the Mactor model and the level of competitiveness and competence of these actors has been investigated. For this purpose, in order to identify the factors influencing Isfahan city as a global-Islamic city, two techniques of environmental scanning and Delphi have been used. The results of this stage include 51 primary indicators. Based on the results of 16 main variables including GDP growth rate, urban market dynamics, variety of goods and competitiveness of goods prices, hosting of large international companies (top 500 global companies), urban population, number of direct international flights, number of large hotels, The number of foreign visitors, the diversity of energy production, the attraction capacity of tourist sites, being located on the main transportation routes, the government's low involvement in the market and market supervision, the establishment of international banks, the existence of international stock exchanges, the number of universities Superiority and the amount of foreign direct investment were obtained as the key drivers effective in transforming Isfahan into an Islamic city.

The purpose of this research is to identify the effective key drivers and rank the main institutions and organizations in upgrading the city of Isfahan to an Islamic global city. Therefore, among the 51 main variables, 16 main variables include the rate of growth of the GDP, the dynamics of the urban market, the variety of goods and the competitiveness of the prices of goods, the hosting of large international companies (top 500 global companies), the amount of urban population, the number of direct international flights. the number of large hotels, the number of foreign visitors, the diversity of energy production, the attraction capacity of tourist sites, being located on the main transportation routes, the government's low involvement in the market and carrying out market supervision, the establishment of international banks, the existence of stock exchanges international, the number of top universities and the amount of foreign direct investment were found as the key drivers effective in transforming Isfahan into an Islamic global city. Therefore, among the 6 main actors among the institutions of internal influence, the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development and the Ministry of Economy are the most contributors to the foundation and Chinese context of transforming Iran's cities into Islamic cities.

Evaluating the Role of Management Accounting in Promoting Transparency and Preventing Corruption in the Public SectorSubject and Purpose of the Article. The purpose of this study is to assess the role of management accounting in promoting transparency and preventing corruption in the public sector.

  In this study, a qualitative and survey-based method was to collect data and analyze them. Necessary data were collected in the year 2022 through interviewing 13 experts and the distribution of questionnaires among 114 experts in the field of management accounting in companies and public sector organizations.

The results of the research show that management accounting makes the cost transparent through the costing of the components and this will especially have manyapplications in state contracts where the possibility of corruption and collusion is high, and in this way.

Originality, and its Contribution to the Knowledge: Management accounting will increase effectiveness and economic efficiency (value creation for money). The actual costs and the standard costs are compared, the public service tariff is set, and costs can be better managed when the flow of resources between activities is determined. Cost flow in the organizational structure can be clarified in terms of cost centers costing as well as processes and activities, and knowing the cost flow will help cost management and prevent corruption.

  Intensification of agriculture along with increasing use of chemical pesticides can have significant environmental effects on other non-target organisms as well as various environments such as air, soil and water. Increasing concerns about the negative effects of pesticide resulted some indicators that measure the environmental risk of each pesticide. One of these indicators is the Environmental Impact Quotient (EIQ), which has been used repeatedly to monitor environmental pesticides in a wide range of agricultural and horticultural fields. The purpose of this study is to investigate the environmental effects of pesticides used in wheat fields in Bandar-e-Turkeman county in 2019-2020 year.

To implement the model, information about the name, amount of consumption and times of application of pesticides used by farmers were collected in the form of questionnaires and face-to-face interviews with 59 farmers. The Environmental Impact Quotient (EIQ) of these pesticides was extracted from version 2021 of the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) site. The environmental effect of used pesticides in each wheat field was obtained from the sum of EIQ of pesticides in the amount of consumption and dose of pesticides per hectare. The calculations of this model were done in Excel version 2013.

The result showed that the final EIQ score for all toxins had the highest impact on the ecological section. Imidacloprid (92.88), Carbendazim (86.00), Acetamiprid (71.95), Cyproconazole (67.00) and Deltamethrin (65.15) had the highest toxicity for the ecological section, respectively. Based on the results, Carbendazim was introduced as the most dangerous and the insecticides Acetamiprid and Imidacloprid were the least dangerous toxin for the farm workers. Calculation of environmental impact of pesticides per hectare showed that there was a high numerical variation among surveyed fields. So that the lowest of index related to fields No. 25, 55 and 42 they had about 6.31, 7.01 and 7.02 environmental impact, respectively. In these fields, no pesticides were used during the wheat growing period and only at the time of planting, carboxin fungicide was used for seeds at the rate of 0.45 and 0.50 kg/ha. The fields No. 40, 10, 30 and 35 recorded with EIQ-FUR equal to 41.49, 33.20, 31.20, 30.85 and 30.67, respectively. In these fields, we were observed the highest environmental impact per hectare. In continue, the distribution map of this index in studied fields was produced. The results showed that there is a different variety in terms of pesticide application in fields, therefore target points can be determine to farmers for reduce of pesticide application and field with high environmental impact.

Among the three components of the EIQ index, including risk to farm workers, consumers, and ecology, the numerical values of these three components can vary depending on location. The current values of this index do not take into account differences in the technology of application or use of personal protective equipment. It can be concluded that the EIQ model requires changes in the direction of localization with the study areas, including the number of farm workers, specifying the type of tools and equipment used and separating the type of developed or developing countries. In general, in these fields, the management of pest, the identification and management of weeds diversity can be effective in controlling the amount of pesticide consumption and reduce environmental risks.

We would like to thank Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, wheat farmers and agricultural Jihad management of Bandar-e-Turkeman county for their cooperation in conducting this research.

In recent years, the heightened concentration of greenhouse gases has brought increased attention to the pressing issue of climate change. Therefore, monitoring climatic variables to prevent the adverse effects of climate change is more important than ever. In the pursuit of long-term climatic forecasting and the assessment of their evolving patterns, various international scientific societies have concentrated their efforts on understanding the extent of climate change and devising measures to counter its adverse effects. The development of general circulation models of the atmosphere (GCM) has been a significant stride in this direction. However, GCMs may lack precision in predicting minor changes at a local scale. To address this limitation, the utilization of downscaling models such as SDSM and Lars_WG (that were used here) becomes imperative. These models serve as essential tools for simulating the viability of cultivating agricultural species in the future, especially when considering localized impacts. Because climate change will probably change the conditions for growing canola, as one of the strategic and prominent crops in Iran, studying the effects of this worldwide event on the canola-grown fields in the future is needed. 

In this research, using temperature and precipitation forecasting models along with GIS functions and hierarchical analysis process (AHP), canola suitability classes for 2050 were determined in Mazandaran Province. For this, 37 meteorological and synoptic stations were involved, and climatic data (including temperatures and precipitation) were generated under three RCP scenarios (2.6, 4.5, 8.5). In this study, we utilized two general circulation models (Can-ESM2 and HadGEM2-ES) that had been recommended for application in the study area.

A comparison of the involved models showed that the SDSM model was superior in predicting temperature, while the Lars-WG model performed better in predicting precipitation. The results for the land suitability revealed that the changes in climatic variables in the future would lead to changing the suitability of agricultural lands for growing canola. The examination of temperature change maps in the investigated region revealed that both minimum and maximum temperature variables are poised to rise under climate change scenarios, with a more pronounced increase anticipated in maximum temperatures. The findings indicate that the projected temperature increase in the future will establish more conducive conditions for canola cultivation. Additionally, precipitation patterns exhibit an increase in both RCP 2.6 and 4 scenarios, with a more substantial rise in the RCP 2.6 scenario. Conversely, the RCP 8.5 scenario predicts a decline in precipitation levels. Top of Form
Also, considering the climate change scenarios, the spatial distribution and the area of each suitability class changed slightly, so the high-suitable class will extend under RCP2.6, especially toward the center parts of the study area. Under RCP 8.5 and RCP 4.5 scenarios, not only suitable lands were not considerable, but also the less suitable land extended to the southern and western parts of the study area.

The output of the land suitability maps showed that climate change would change the suitability of the studied agricultural lands in the future. Also, with the implementation of the climate change scenarios, the area and geographical distribution of detected classes will change. In general, in the optimistic scenario, the lands will be more appropriate for canola cultivation and will cover a wider area. In other scenarios, the conditions for canola cultivation in the lands of Mazandaran will be more unsuitable compared to the present, and the decrease in the level of suitability will be more evident in the western and southern lands of the province. Therefore, solutions such as the use of more compatible cultivars and changes in agricultural management in facing new conditions in these areas should be considered. The outcomes of these studies offer practical insights for shaping regional planting strategies, aiding decisions on crop inclusion or exclusion, and informing the overall design of agricultural patterns in the area

Helminth-induced type 2 immune responses, which are characterized by the T helper 2 cell-associated cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-13, mediate host protection through enhanced tissue repair, the control of inflammation and worm expulsion. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of somatic antigens of nematode Marshallagia marshalli on healing of full-thickness skin wound healing in mice.

In this study, 72 adult mice were divided into 4 groups A, B, C and D. Subgroups A the dose of 40 μg /mice, B the dose of 20 µg / mice, C the alum adjuvant group and D were considered as negative controls. Twenty four hours after made wounds, all mice were treated subcutaneously at the four sides of the wound. The wounds evaluated at days 0,1.3,6,9,12,15,18 and 21 by taken digital photographs. The images were analyzed by Image J software.

After analyzing a significant difference were showed in the percentage of wound contraction, wound healing and the infiltration rate of inflammatory cells in the treatment group with a dose of 20 μg (P ≤ 0.05).

The results of this study indicate that application of somatic antigens of Marshallia marshalla nematode with a dose of 20 μg subcutaneous injection accelerates the healing process of wound healing.

Global cities are emerging phenomena that act as connecting places of the global economic network in the context of the global economy and have caused the formation of the space of currents and the emergence of new power centers in the political geography map of the world. In this regard, domestic organizations and institutions are effective as factors (actors) in the promotion of cities from regional to global dimensions. This study aims to identify and rank institutions and organizations that are effective in promoting the city of Isfahan to an Islamic Global City. The current research, with a future studies approach, identifies the most important factors affecting the transformation of Isfahan into an Islamic Global City and identifies key players in this field. This research is practical in terms of its purpose and the dominant approach is the descriptive-analytical method. Environmental scanning and Delphi techniques were used to identify variables and indicators, and structural analysis was used in Mic Mac software and the Mector model for data analysis. According to the findings of the research, the most important domestic players include the Ministry of Economy, the Stock Exchange Organization, the Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology, the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development, the Cultural Heritage Organization, and the Ministry of Energy. According to the evaluations carried out in Mector software, the most influential institutions of the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development, the Ministry of Economy, and the Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology were 29 and 15 percent. On the other hand, the lowest amount of influence is related to the Stock Exchange Organization and the Ministry of Energy (-34%), which shows the ability of these two institutions to influence other actors.

nvestors' organizational trust improves the company's financial performance, on the other hand, the company's performance also affects the investors' organizational trust. Therefore, it is assumed that there is a reciprocal relationship between investors' organizational trust and company performance, The purpose of this research is to investigate this reciprocal relationship. To achieve the research's purpose, the data of 970 observations in the ten year period from 2010 to 2019 has been analyzed based on multivariate regression models and combined data. The findings show that the company's performance is affected by investors' organizational trust, and conversely, investors' organizational trust affects the company's performance. One innovation of this research is the investigating the reciprocal relationship between investors' organizational trust and the company's performance. Another innovation is the creation of a composite index from a total of 9 known indicators for measuring the company's financial performance. These indicators include Tobin's Q, EVA, ROA, ROE, ROS, P/E, IR, IGR, and SGR, using the principal component analysis method.

At the present time, financing of the capital market in which companies operate causes the growth of companies, in fact, in order to progress and grow, they need to develop their activities through new investment. Equity financing is more suitable for financing innovative and riskier companies, because equity holders benefit directly when the company succeeds, and equity contracts do not exacerbate financial problems for companies. Appropriate placement of the combination of capital market financing, growth of companies, is a fundamental step for optimal use. From the sources, it has the promotion of accountability, transparency, respect for fairness and the rights of all the stakeholders of the company in line with the performance of the company.In fact, the purpose of this research is to investigate the financing of the capital market on the growth of companies admitted to the stock exchange.Using the analysis of the companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange in the period of 1398-1400, we investigate. The statistical sample of the research consists of 130 companies. Data analysis has been done with the help of Eviews10 software. In order to investigate the simultaneous effects of all the independent variables of the research on the dependent variable, in addition to the separate regression of each of the independent variables, a general regression of the variables was also performed.The findings and results of the research show that the capital market financing index has a significant relationship with the company's growth and also according to the company's size model, financial leverage, profit management, sales growth, total assets, and financial loss have a significant relationship. In the meantime, the results of these studies show that the use of capital market financing planning acts as a supervisory body for companies, which can effectively affect the total assets and growth of the company

Anomie can be called the phenomenon of the modern era because modernization causes damage to the previous value structure, and as a result, the modern man is somehow in confusion and identity crisis. This study has been conducted with the aim of modeling the explanatory structural equations of factors affecting the consequences of organizational anomie. About 12 experts' opinions have been used to model the explanatory structural equations of factors affecting the consequences of organizational anomie. In this research, to identify the criteria and express the relationships between the criteria, after studying the related research literature and interviewing the experts under study, the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) technique and MICMAC analysis were used. After the data analysis, the variables were classified into four different levels and according to the ISM, graph relationships were drawn. After MICMAC analysis, the variables were placed in three groups of independent or key variables, autonomous and dependent. The variables of "nepotism and discrimination" and "technological turbulence" are more influenced by other factors and from a systemic point of view, they are considered among the effective and dependent elements (the second group) that have a weak influence, but despite this, they have a higher dependence force than It has other factors. Also, the variables "managers' lack of commitment to the organization's values" and "lack of a suitable evaluation system" are among the key variables, which are included in the category of independent variables (fourth group) and have a great impact on the realization and meta-analysis of the factors affecting the consequences of organizational anomie. , which has a high influence and low dependency. Determining the relationships between factors can lead to a better understanding of the issue and making appropriate decisions in identifying the factors affecting the consequences of organizational anomie.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of corporate governance on the relationship between voluntary disclosure and financial performance of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. For this purpose, data related to 108 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange in the period from 1388 to 1397 were collected. Multivariate regression was used to investigate the relationships between variables and the combined data method was used to test the hypotheses. Findings show that corporate governance ability has a negative and significant effect on the relationship between voluntary disclosure and Tobin Q ratio. Also, among the indicators of corporate governance ability, the variables of ownership type and audit quality have a significant effect on the relationship between voluntary disclosure and Tobin Q ratio. On the other hand, the results indicate that the adequacy and ability of corporate governance have a significant effect on the relationship between voluntary disclosure and the Tobin Q ratio. Also,in companies with sufficient corporate governance compared to companies with corporate governance Inadequate Considering and without considering the ability of corporate governance, the relationship between voluntary disclosure and Tobin Q ratio is stronger. In firms with strong corporate governance, the relationship between voluntary disclosure and the Tobin Q ratio is stronger than in firms with weak corporate governance. Therefore, it can be argued that corporate governance based on adequacy and ability has a significant effect on the relationship between voluntary disclosure and financial performance.

This research was conducted to study of diversity and weed population structure of wheat agroecosystems of Bandar-e-Torkeman county in 2018-2019 year. Diversity indices such as Shannon-Wiener and Simpson for fields and frequency, relative frequency, relative uniformity and relative density indices for all weed species were calculated and measured in two time stages, before and after chemical treatment with herbicides. Obtained data from diversity indices were moved in the GIS media and weed species maps of wheat fields were prepared. In this study, we were identified 18 species from 9 plant families. The checking of plant species showed that 66.67% and 33.33% were belonged to annual and perennial, also, about 27.77% and 72.23% were narrow-leaved and broad-leaved, respectively. Gramineae species include Avena ludoviciana, Lolium temulentum, Phalaris minor, Alopecurus myosuroides and Polygon monspeliensis, Fabaceae species include Medicago scutellata, Polygonom avicular, Vicia villosa and Oxalis corniculata and Compositea species such as Helianthus annuus and Cirsium arvense, had about 27.77, 22.22 and 11.11 percent of the available plant species, that were recognized as the most important plant families in wheat fields of county, respectively. In this study, weed distribution maps in wheat fields of the county before and after chemical control were prepared in three frequency groups of 50-100, 30-50 and less than 30% and showed an almost uniform distribution of weeds in surveyed region.

In the present industrial environment of the country (Iran), the issue of supply chain is among the discussed topics. However, the supply chain in a company will only have a competitive power when having strong and competitive components and an ideal stability as well. The present research is mainly aimed at identifying and ranking the enablers in the smart supply chain through using multi-criteria decision-making tools. This research’s case study includes four Petrochemical companies, Nouri, Jam, Khark, and Pardis during the solar year 1400 (2021-2022). The importance of each of the aforementioned enablers in the smart supply chain was investigated according to the relevant questionnaires; given the ranking of the enablers’ importance in the smart supply chain and in accordance with the experts’ opinions, seven factors were chosen as the key enablers of the smart supply chain, including big data skills and knowledge, appropriate and feasibility studies to help choose and use big data techniques, product tracking and localization, transparency and visibility, electronic supply chain management, data transfer improvement, and effective and cost-effective development, as well as the weight of data integrity technology. At the next stage, these options’ performance in the realization of supply chain enablers was assessed. WASPAS method was the proposed technique to this end, based on which, Khark Petrochemical Company, Nouri Petrochemical Company, Pardis Petrochemical Company, and Jam Petrochemical Company were respectively introduced as the final ranking based on the relevant enabler indicators.

Cotton is a valuable agricultural crop, often referred to as white gold due to its significant economic, agricultural, and commercial importance globally. Fars province ranks first in cotton production and cultivation area in Iran. A disorder causing leaf and boll drying in cotton began as a spot in some fields of Fars province in 2021 and rapidly spread to most of the cotton-growing areas in the province during 2022 and 2023. The main cause or causes of this problem have not yet been identified. Due to the high damage caused by this disorder in Fars province, this project was initiated and implemented.

According to the instructions of the Cotton Research Institute and the Fars Agricultural Jihad Organization, various treatments that reduce the effects of biotic and abiotic stresses on the cotton plant in the form of five independent agricultural experiments were used in the three counties of Fars province including Larestan (three experiments), Zarin Dasht (one experiment) and Darab (one experiment). The first experiment included the treatment of 1) Ammonium sulfate + Solupotash + Humic acid and 2) the control, the second experiment included the treatment of 1) zinc + Humic acid + Solupotash and 2) the control, the third experiment included the treatment of 1) Nordox, 2) Nordox + Solupotash + Humic acid and 3) the control, the fourth experiment included 1) Berdofix + Solupotash + Humic acid + micronutrient fertilizer + amino acid and 2) the control, and the fifth experiment included the treatment of 1) Amino acid + Daconil + Solupotash, 2) Daconil, 3) Solupotash + Humic acid and 4) the control. The treatments were used in two counties of Larestan and Zarin Dasht before the onset of symptoms (as a preventive measure) and in Darab county after symptoms appeared (as a control measure). Treatments were applied in 2023. The farms that were selected to carry out these projects had an area of at least 4 hectares and the area where each treatment was used was at least half a hectare. In each farm, there was also a control treatment (non-application of treatments). The effect of the treatments on the drying of leaves and bolls of cotton was investigated by random sampling in ten points of each treatment. In each point of each treatment, 20 cotton plants were examined for symptoms of leaf and boll drying, and the number and percentage of plants infected at that point were determined. By using T test, statistical comparison was made between the treatment and the control.

In Larestan county, the application of treatments significantly reduced damage in three experiments: First experiment: Damage in the Ammonium sulfate + Solupotash + Humic acid treatment was 12.5%, 23.5% less than the control (36%).Second experiment: Damage in the Zinc + Humic acid + Solupotash treatment was 3%, a 15% reduction compared to the control (18.5%).Third experiment: Damage in the Nordox + Solupotash + Humic acid treatment was 7%, a 15% reduction compared to the control (22%).In Zarin Dasht county, the fourth experiment showed a significant reduction in the percentage of infected cotton plants: Fourth experiment: Infection in the Bordofix + Solupotash + Humic acid + micronutrient fertilizer treatment was 3.5%, 27% less than the control (30.5%). In Darab county, the fifth experiment showed that: Amino acid + Daconil + Solupotash treatment: Leaf and boll drying was 13.5%, significantly lower than the control (29%). The Daconil treatment (23.5%) and the Solupotash + Humic acid treatment (19.5%) were not significantly different from the control.

The results of this research suggest that using methods to reduce biotic and abiotic stresses can prevent or mitigate the severity of leaf and boll drying in cotton. Reducing irrigation stress, and timely application of Humic acid, Solupotash, Zinc, Micronutrients, Amino acid, sulfur, and fungicides are critical inputs recommended to prevent this disorder. These preventive measures are most effective before symptoms appear, but if symptoms do occur, prompt use of fungicides and other mentioned inputs is advised to control the problem.