maryam abbasi sooreshjani

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between Perceived Partner Responsiveness and the level of Anaclitic and Introjective Depression symptoms according to the moderating role of Fear of Compassion. This research was a practical study and was following the adhered to the descriptive correlation model. The population of this research consisted of all married individuals in Iran during March and April 2022. The sample was randomly selected and consisted of 439 individuals, including 349 women and 90 males. The data for this study were gathered using the Reconstructed Depression Experience questionnaire (RecDEQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Perceived Partner Responsiveness Scale (PPRS), and Fear of Compassion Scale (FCS). The SPSS-26 software was used to conduct correlation and regression analyses on all data that was collected online. According to the findings, there was an inverse and significant relationship between the level of anaclitic and introjective melancholy symptoms and the perceived responsiveness of one’s partner (P<0.001). Anaclitic and introjective depression symptoms were also directly and significantly correlated with fear of compassion from others, fear of self-compassion, and fear of compassion for others (P<0.001). Additionally, the relationship between perceived partner responsiveness and anaclitic depression was moderated by apprehension of compassion from others (P=0.01). The results of this study contributed to the development of Blat's theory in the field of inherent and supportive factors of anaclitic and introjective depression. Also, according to the findings, paying attention to the fear of compassion as a developmental construct is beneficial in theorizing, etiology and designing treatment to improve the symptoms of depression in married people.

The primary objective of the current study was to examine the correlation between narcissism and the potential for addiction, with shame and attachment pattern serving as mediating factors. This research employs an applied-practical approach, utilizing a descriptive-correlational methodology. The statistical population of the research included all Tehran University students from 2021 to 2022. From this population, 423 individuals were chosen as a sample through available sampling method. During the initial phase, the students completed the following questionnaires of Rizvi Shame Inventory (RSI), Pincus Narcissism Inventory (PNI), Zargar's readiness for addiction, Hazen & Shiver’s attachment style (AAS). Following a one-month interval, 90 individuals were chosen for the second stage of the study.These individuals were assessed using the Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Rizvi Shame Inventory (RSI) and Barzegar addiction readiness questionnaires. Each participant's vulnerable narcissism score exceeded the average of 85. The statistical software SPSS and AMOS were utilized to analyze the data. According to the findings of the study, the mediating role model comprised of attachment and shame was significantly associated with narcissism and addiction. In general, the results of the present study indicate that comprehending the vulnerable and grandiose narcissistic pathway with addiction requires an awareness of the connection between shame and attachment style. Moreover, this relationship should be taken into account when developing clinical interventions for young adults who are at risk.

The aim of the present study is to compare the two indicators of interoceptive awareness and equanimity between yoga practitioners and non-practitioners. This is fundamental research conducted using a post-event methodology. During April and May of 2022, the research was conducted in Tehran and the laboratory of the Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences at Tehran University. The sample consisted of women who routinely practiced yoga (n=17) and women who did not (n=16). The target population consisted of Tehran-dwelling women. Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA) was among the instruments utilized in this study. This instrument was utilized to assess interoceptive awareness and its eight subscales. In addition, the physiological index of heart rate variability (HRV) was used to accurately and objectively measure the equanimity component. The obtained data were then compared using an analysis of covariance test (with anxiety and depression scores as controls) and IBM SPSS Statistics 26 software. Interoceptive awareness and four of its subscales (attention regulation, self-regulation, listening to the body, and trust differ significantly between these two groups, according to the results. This indicates that, compared to the other group, those who practice yoga have a more conscious perception of their inner emotions and a general understanding of their inner physiological conditions. LF-HRV index differed significantly between the two groups based on comparison of HRV in the quiescent state. This information demonstrates various autonomic nervous system activities, which could be interpreted as evidence for the effect of equanimity. Various applications of the results are discussed in conclusion.

The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of compassion for others in the relationship between early experiences of shame and safety with compassion fatigue in psychotherapists. The study population consisted of all psychotherapists, counselors, and mental health specialists in Iran in the summer of 1400. A convenient sample of (N=200) counselors and psychologists who were members of groups on social media completed the scales of Compassion Fatigue Self-Test (CFST; Figley, 1995), Compassion for Others (Goe et al., 2020), Early Memories of Warmth and Safeness (EMWSS; Richter et al., 2009) and the Revised Impact of Event Scale (IES-R; Weiss & Mamar 1997; Shame Memories Adapted by Matos and Pinto-Goya, 2011). Finally, the collected data were analyzed using structural equation analysis by SPSS-26 and PLS-3 software. Results showed that early memories of warmth and safety directly (P<0.05) and indirectly through compassion for others (P<0.01) had a negative and significant relationship with compassion fatigue. The traumatic qualities of shame memories only had a direct and meaningful positive relationship with compassion fatigue (P <0.01). Overall, the findings showed that compassion for others could play an important mediating role in the relationship between early experiences of warmth and safety and compassion fatigue in psychotherapists but in the relationship between early shame and traumatic experiences and Compassion fatigue does not play a significant mediating role.

Providing a valid scale for measuring compassion for others in Iranian society is part of the research needs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Sussex-Oxford Compassion for Others Scale (SOCS-O) in a sample of Iranian married individuals, who lived in Iran in the second half of 1399 and the first half of 1400. 315 Iranian married people (265 females and 50 males) were selected by convenience sampling method and responded to the Sussex-Oxford Compassion for Others Scale (SOCS-O; Gu et al., 2020). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to evaluate the construct validity. The results of exploratory factor analysis showed the four-factor structure for the scale of compassion for others in Iranian society, which differed from the main model of the scale in terms of factor and item. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the 4-factor structure and the indicators showed acceptable model fit. Cronbach's alpha of the whole scale was 0.90 and the alpha coefficients of factors were between 0.71 and 0.86, which indicates the desired internal consistency of this scale in Iranian society. The results of this study show the desired validity and reliability of the Persian version of this scale and provide a reliable tool for measuring compassion for others to experts.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Concrete Processing Mode (CPM) and Abstract Processing Mode (APM) on working memory capacity during high rumination. The research method of this basic study is experimental. The statistical population consists of individuals aged 18-50 years with high rumination living in Tehran who voluntarily participated in the study in January 2021. Among them, 30 individuals (21 women and 9 men) with high rumination were selected using the Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS) and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Participants were randomly divided into two groups of 15 people each, a concrete group and an abstract group, who were put in a negative mood by watching a sad movie. They then performed the instructions CPM or APM, depending on the group. Participants' working memory was measured with the Reading Span Test (RST) before they watched the movie and after they performed the processing mode instruction. The results of the covariance analysis of the data using SPSS version 26 software showed that the CPM group had significantly higher working memory capacity than the APM group. This meant that the capacity of working memory was affected by the changes in processing mode. This effect was evident on the working memory processing subscale, but the changes on the working memory storage subscale did not differ significantly between groups. Consistent with previous findings, CPM was also considered an adaptive mode in contrast to APM in this study. The results showed that processing mode can predict changes in working memory capacity during severe rumination.