masoud elahi

Idealism for urban living necessitates the establishment of infrastructure and a platform that considers all stakeholders, including managers, planners, and citizens, regardless of their social and economic backgrounds, social class, gender, etc. This concept is encapsulated in the notion of the right to the city. However, implementing this concept can pose challenges in smaller cities with more unfavorable conditions. Hence, this research aims to introduce a model for actualizing the right to the city based on the Analytical Network Process (ANP) in the rural cities of western Mazandaran. The current study is categorized as applied research. The statistical population for this study comprised urban experts (chosen through the Delphi technique with a sample size of 25). Alongside on-site observations, information was gathered utilizing the fundamental maps of the country's mapping organization and studies focusing on the three cities of Baldeh, Kejur, and Pol (Kham-shahrs in the western part of Mazandaran province). The Analytical Network Process (ANP) method was employed to process and analyze the data, leading to the extraction of a balanced supermatrix using the Super Decision software. Following various steps, the final priorities of indicators and options for realizing the right to the city were determined. The results of the network analysis (ANP) of the dimensions of realizing the right to the city in the western cities of Mazandaran province indicate that the physical-biological dimension holds the highest weight and importance (0.1970). It is trailed by the economic dimension (0.1725) and the social and cultural dimensions (with a final weight of 0.0847). Among the criteria for realizing the right to the city in the western cities of Mazandaran province, the right to self-determination carries the most significance with a weight of 0.1461, followed by environmental rights (0.0943) and the right to a sustainable city economy (0.0840).

This research examines the sense of memory from a gender point of view and its link to everyday life in urban public spaces. The purpose of the forward study is to investigate the qualitative components of public spaces in creating a memorable experience based on gender, and by examining the important urban spaces of Qazvin city, an analysis based on creating a memorable experience in this urban space has been tried to be presented. The main research question is about how different dimensions of urban public spaces are related to the formation of memorable patterns based on gender. This research is a quantitative and qualitative integrated method and a correlational research approach. Information has been collected by in-depth interview method in a guided manner, and qualitative part data analysis was done using theme technique and with MAXQUDA2022.4 software. Analyzing the quantitative data using SPSS 24 software and at the inferential level for model testing, the structural equation modeling technique of Amos 24 software was used. In the first step, based on the interview technique, 6 main components and 24 sub-components were identified as spatial qualitative components affecting the memorability based on gender, then using the data obtained from the citizen questionnaire and factor analysis and structural equations of the components in the form of 6 factors physical, social and native, spatial, cultural and value, perceptual and psychological. In the following, the difference in the views of male and female citizens regarding the impact of these factors on the quality of urban spaces in creating a sense of memory was investigated. The obtained results showed that there are differences in the social and native components, spatial components, cultural and value components, perceptual components in the perspective of women and men, men benefit from the configuration and design of the mentioned spaces in creating a memorable feeling in Qazvin city more than It is a women's group. Also, the results show that women see a significant connection between their rights in creating the configuration of urban spaces and a memorable belonging to the city.

The need to address a new dimension of development called the environmental dimension with the aim of managing and maintaining natural resources and directing developments and structures of growth and technology and meeting the needs and satisfying all generations, . Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the feasibility of biophilic urbanism indicators in the tourism axis of Maharloo Lake.

The present study was descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and applied in terms of aim. Library and field methods were used to collect data. In the field method, the opinions of 30 experts were obtained through interviews and the opinions of 391 citizens were obtained through a questionnaire. Snowball and random sampling were used in selecting the samples. T-test, SWOT technique and QSPM technique were used to analyze the data.

amount of spending leisure time in green spaces and per capita green space with mean weights of 8.26, 6.74 and 5.69, respectively, have the greatest impact on the development of the biophilic model. Among the effective indicators, the necessary infrastructure and conditions, biophilic activities, biophilic organizations and institutions, and attitudes and knowledge, respectively, have the highest with mean weights of 5.44, 4.60, 4.46 and 3.98, respectively

by using SWOT and QSPM techniques and according to the conditions of the study area, strategies were developed and prioritized. Based on the obtained results, 6 offensive strategies were developed and based on the developed strategies, recommendations and plans for achieving the biophilic model were presented.

The exploration of the intrinsic meaning and origin of justice represents one of the most intricate philosophical and moral inquiries. The discourse on how justice is manifested in the world, grounded in civilization, has been a perennial subject among theorists. This research delves into elucidating a comprehensive definition of the Iranian paradigm for a just city, with a specific focus on its realization within the framework of the Farahzad Urban Development Plan in Tehran. The novel paradigm is rooted in three dimensions of justice—law, ethics, and civilization—emphasizing four fundamental aspects: substantive, formal, distributive, and structural justice. The research adopts an applied-developmental approach in terms of purpose and a descriptive-analytical methodology. Data collection involves both documentary research and field investigations, incorporating interviews and questionnaires. The study's statistical population comprises residents, experts, and city officials, and the results are analyzed using SPSS software with a combination of descriptive and inferential statistics. The Bogardos method reveals a significant social distance and an unfavorable universality range among diverse social groups in Farahzad. The sample test and Pearson correlation analysis highlight a non-realization of just city components in the current Farahzad situation from citizens' perspectives. Conversely, an assessment of the approved plan, "Organizing Farahzad Urban Center," underscores its desirability in terms of law and ethics but identifies unfavorable socialist dimensions according to expert evaluations. Significantly, the results demonstrate a meaningful relationship between structural justice and distributive justice in the pursuit of justice-oriented dimensions based on essential and formal aspects.

Neo-urbanism has been formed as a new approach to urban designing and planning in criticism of contemporary urban planning, which has a scattered, inhuman, machine-like pattern urban regeneration is the concept of revitalization and urban renewal and is a subject with physical and non-physical dimensions that also includes social and cultural dimensions. Therefore, in urban regeneration and endogenous development of worn-out textures, the effort is to create balance and harmony between the foundations of social life in these textures by using people's social dynamics and their participation. This research aims to formulate a regeneration model based on socio-cultural dimensions and indicators in neo-urbanism. The research method in this research is based on the fundamental-developmental goal and based on the nature of descriptive-analytical methods. The required information has been collected using the library resources of scientific centers such as universities, organizations, institutes, and research centers, the Internet, the results of censuses and official information of relevant departments and organizations, field investigations and questionnaire data, and interviews with people and local officials and observation according to the dominant theory of neo-urbanism. This research calculates information resources using the SWOT table method, content analysis, and SPSS software through Cochran's formula. In the current research, three social-cultural, physical-infrastructural, and economic-institutional dimensions and their indicators were identified in the reconstruction of worn-out fabric with the perspective of urban renewal based on the findings of the research, it can be concluded that Isfahan Region 7 is in an unfavorable situation in terms of the indicators of the effect of the residents of the neighborhoods on the growth and improvement of the desirable quality of life, the suitable security of the neighborhoods for the movement of citizens in a stable condition, and the index of the relationship between the citizens and the residents of the neighborhoods with local institutions (such as municipalities). As a result, social participation is one of the factors in realizing urban regeneration. This category in the current research has been taken into consideration by the research experts in the index (low level of social participation at the neighborhood level), which shows that the research results are aligned with the previous research.

Urban planners can create a stable balance between urban spaces with the help of appropriate spatial planning to maintain and strengthen urban identity in neighborhoods. This study, helps to provide a suitable spatial planning for historic and new urban areas, by discovering the relationship between the environment and humans and the current problems of spatial planning are examined. It examines and recognizes the effects of the structure and elements of the space organization on citizenship identity in historical and new neighborhoods in order to prevent the decline of urban identity in neighborhoods. In this research, field and library studies have been used to collect information. After studying different texts and explaining the theoretical foundations, several criteria and sub-criteria were extracted from the theoretical foundations and Delphi method was used to determine the criteria that have a higher priority in conducting research, forty questionnaires were distributed among experts and university professors and after analyzing the questionnaires in the third stage, a consensus was reached for the panel members and the main criteria for further research were extracted. With the help of the main criteria extracted from Delphi, a citizen questionnaire was prepared and distributed. The statistical population includes residents of historical and new neighborhoods of Qazvin, which with the help of Cochran's formula, six hundred people have been selected as a sample and citizens' questionnaires have been distributed among them, also, using statistical analysis (descriptive statistics and inferential statistics) in SPSS software, information is analyzed and hypotheses are confirmed or rejected. Finally, solutions, suggestions and executive actions of the research are presented. One of the results of this study is that planning and spatial interventions in the form of a comprehensive and detailed plan have not been able to maintain or strengthen the urban identity of citizens in the historical context.

The possibility of equal use of the city's capacities for its residents is an issue that has become an important demand, and its main cause is the countless human and environmental problems that have arisen for cities, and living in the city creates tasks for the citizens that the citizens have to meet The tasks that the law has considered for them, in order to achieve an ideal life, they should imagine the right to the city for themselves, the analysis of livability indicators with the right to the city approach can play a key role in solving many urban problems and the satisfaction of citizens to and the aim of this study was to analyze the effects of the components of the right to the city in the raw cities (west) of the province. The research type of the current research is descriptive, analytical, and applied in terms of purpose, and the statistical population in this research was formed by urban experts. The results of the present research, according to the Friedman test and one-sample t test, show that according to the significance level of the test, it is less than 0.05 (equal to 0.001), that in the socio-cultural dimension of Beldeh, with a rank of 2.14, the highest rank, in the dimension The economy of the city of Kojur with a rank of 2.34 has the highest rank among the cities in the west of Mazandaran province, and also in the physical-biological dimension, considering that the significance level of the test is greater than 0.05 (equal to 0.302), the cities of Kojur, Belde and Pol, despite the rank They are different because this difference is not significant, they have equal rank and finally the physical-biological dimension has the most importance and suggestions were made in this regard.

Interpretation of the essential meaning of justice and how it crystallizes in societies has long been considered by thinkers in various fields (philosophy, economics, law, sociology and urban planning).However, the 21st century is considered as the basis for the development of an equitable structure for urban environments. The development of this approach necessitates the re-reading of Western ideas, the interpretation of the global paradigm of urban justice and its adaptation to indigenous and Islamic roots in the Iranian city. Accordingly, the present study aims to explain the new paradigm of urban justice, based on the four dimensions of justice (substantive, formal, distributive and structural) and with focusing on the components of law, ethics and civilization in Iranian urban planning. Also, the feasibility of the realization of the Iranian paradigm has been developed; it has been done in the form of Farahzad Tehran's position. The research method used was descriptive-analytical and the data collection method was documentary and Field research (interview and questionnaire). The statistical population of the study consisted of citizens, residents, users, experts and city officials. Findings were analyzed in SPSS software based on descriptive statistics (qualitative items, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (one-sample t-test and Pearson correlation).The data of one-sample t-test and Pearson correlation analysis in measuring the current situation of Farahzad, Representative the lack of realization and the need to implement the local paradigm of urban justice in all three dimensions of law-based, Ethical and socialism from the citizens' point of view.

The development of justice in civil societies and overcoming existing inequalities requires the provision of philosophical foundations and the principles of the realization of the concept of urban justice. Efforts to achieve this goal are made by explaining the thinking course of various philosophers on the subject of justice and how to implement its implementation process. Hence, the new paradigm of urban justice is based on the three dimensions of justice (law, ethics, and civilization) and four basic dimensions (substantive, formal, distributive, and structural). Accordingly, the realization of this paradigm in Farahzad Tehran is evaluated. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of the urban justice paradigm on decreeing environmental inequalities.

The present research is applied-developmental in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of the research method used. The method of data collection was documentary and field. Also, the statistical population of the study consists of residents, users, experts and city officials.The results were analyzed in SPSS software based on descriptive statistics (qualitative, average, and standard deviation items) and inferential statistics (weighting of Bogardus, one-sample t-test, and Pearson correlation items).

The results of the Bogardus scale data indicate a large social distance and an undesirable level of acceptance among the residents of Farahzad. In addition, the data of one-sample t-test and Pearson correlation analysis in Delphi questionnaire and measuring the application of local paradigm of urban justice in the ratified plan of urban-oriented organizing of Farahzad, show the favorable status of this plan in terms of law and ethics against the unfavorable conditions of socialism dimension, from the viewpoint of experts.

Therefore, The results of the research indicate the existence of deep gaps and shortcomings in the field of realization of various aspects of urban justice in Farahzad area compared to the surrounding areas. On this basis, the existence of a direct relationship between distributive justice and structural justice in the field of urban justice paradigm is shown. These funds will be adopted and monitored in the formal dimension of urban justice and based on interactive policies.

In recent decades, with the significant increase in the occurrence of natural hazards in the world, the need for resilient cities has increased. The resilient city must have the capacity to withstand any impact, including crises and environmental disasters. According to the UNESCAP report on events related to tectonic hazards, Iran is among the top ten countries in the world and in terms of mortality due to these hazards is ranked between first and third in the world. The city of Zanjan is no exception and is one of the most vulnerable cities in the country to earthquakes due to its location next to three faults and the presence of dense and worn tissues. This raises the need to address the issue of resilience more than ever. In the present study, using a descriptive-analytical method and inorde to compare the patterns of neighborhoods of Zanjan after the Islamic Revolutionas well as prioritizing them in terms of compliance with resilience criteria, the criteria and indicators of physical resilience were extracted. Then, the criteria and indicators were prioritized using the non-structural fuzzy decision support model and examined in post-revolutionary patterns to date in Zanjan neighborhoods. The results showed that the preparation model neighborhoods have the highest resilience and the accelerated and unplanned development model neighborhoods have the lowest resilience.

Housing, as one of the basic needs of every human being, has always been one of the most important priorities of governments. In Iran, in recent years, in order to provide housing for the low-income groups, the government has adopted a policy of Mehrhousing and a national housing action plan. Regarding its geographical and geological condition, Iran is highly vulnerable to natural disasters among which earthquakes happen more frequently and are of more significance. On the other hand the rapid growth of urbanization along with other factors has sounded the alarm of an earthquake crisis. Studies have illustrated that crisis management planning is mostly performed during and after the crisis and less attention is paid to the pre-crisis conditions.Therefor it is necessary to study pre-crisis resilience in social housing. In this descriptive-analytical study, with the aim of evaluating the neighborhoods consisting of Mehrhousing in terms of physical resilience against earthquakes, all indicators have been identified and studied with the help of content analysis not only to identify their strengths and weaknesses, but also to provide a guidance for national housing action plans. 

in order to reach this study's goals information needed has been collected through documentary and field methods. The extracted criteria and indicators were prioritized and weighted by non-structural fuzzy decision support system and finally superimposed with the help of weighted criteria maps GIS to obtain a physical resilience map.

The results show that neighborhoods consisting of Mehrsocialhousing have low physical resilience due to their physical components weakness; hence despite being new and pre-planned, they are more vulnerable.

The results show that neighborhoods consisting of Mehrsocialhousing have low physical resilience due to weaknesses in their physical components and despite being new and planned, they are more vulnerable.

Due to the increasing acceleration of urban growth, providing housing is one of the most important concerns of communities and one of the priorities of governments. In our country, in recent years, in order to provide housing for the low-income groups, the government has adopted a policy of constructing housing and a national housing action plan. Due to the high vulnerability of our country to natural disasters, especially earthquakes, it is necessary to pay attention to crisis management and resilience in Mehr housing projects and national housing action. Since the plans made in the field of crisis management are dedicated to during and after the crisis and less attention is paid to the conditions before the crisis, so in this study with the aim of analyzing the physical resilience of social housing against earthquakes following plans We are before the crisis.

In this descriptive-analytical study, with the aim of evaluating the physical resilience of Poonak neighborhood in Zanjan, which consists of Mehr housings, all indicators affecting physical resilience were identified and examined by content analysis, and after weighting entered the information system. Geographically. Then, with the help of local and global Moran technique, the type of resuscitation dispersion and optimized resuscitation hot and cold spots are determined.

The findings indicate that among the 18 basic indicators for measuring physical resilience against earthquakes, the distance from the fault is the most important and access to medical land uses and fire stations are the least important. In general, neighborhoods consisting of Mehr housing have low physical resilience due to weaknesses in their physical components and despite being new and planned, they are more vulnerable.

The recent upsurge of different social movements in Middle east illustrates the central role of cities for social movements. The late months of 2010 were the starting points of the liberation movements among Arab countries in the Middle East. The fall of Tunisian government and democracy leading attempts in Egypt, Bahrain, Yemen, Libya, and Syria based of the news broadcast caused urban spaced such as Tahrir sq. in Cairo, Pearl sq. in Manama and university sq. in Sana’a to be known as the sign of liberalism and social protest against dictatorship, whereas they were completely unknown beforehand.
Putting political parties away, continuity in protest movements happening in public spaces in the Middle East have attracted many urban planners’ specialists about the properties of the mentioned spaces. The present study tries to answer the following questions based on the relations among place, power, and social-political movements.
• Is there any meaningful relation between host public spaces and social movements?
• Which type of public spaces has got more potential to attract social movements?
• What are the similarities and differences among the spaces hosting the social movements in the Middle East?
Thus, three main aspects of Location, Typology of talented spaces, and social classes arrangements are used to explain in the three mentioned spaces in Cairo, Manama, and Sana’a.
Present study, is a practical research using blended quantitative-qualitative approach. quantitative is investigated through space syntax method as a means of monitoring.
The aim of the use of this technique is expression of various aspects of the relationship between morphological structure of built environment and the social and spatial structure of events in the city.
The theory of space syntax was proposed by Bill Hillier et al. in the 70s at the Bartlett School. The theory is a technique for exploring the relationship between space and society. The most important discussion in this theory is an emphasis on the fact that the pattern of a settlement is rooted in the collective life of its users. It is in a way that some social norms of communities can be achieved by analyzing patterns of settlements.
The analysis is done based on converting maps to linear graphs and quantifying the spatial qualities of the nodes through the use of mathematical formulae. This method provides a simple operational process to explain, compare and translate settlement patterns.
In this Study, some indexes of space syntax such as Global integration (Rn), local integration (R3), synergy and intelligibility were investigated in the axial map and the "choice" value was investigated in the segment map using depthmapX software.
Content analysis of hosted urban spaces in the three cities shows that they have fundamental objects in common about the following issues: Social movements shape up in squares (public identity type) has high priority than streets (informal behavior type). The protests are mostly transferred to the street due to the suppression. The best examples are Manama and Sana’a which protests are transferred to the street.
 Studied social movements tend to development in all regions with equal or higher integration than the average integration of entire city. Social movements and social forces in the Middle East has been with the participation of the majority community (superior and inferior groups), we witness the formation of the movement in areas with high integration like Central Spaces in Cairo and Sana’a.
 Intelligibility index analysis in the case studies shows that the majority of hosted spaces have got higher intelligibility than other parts of the city. While in Sana’a and Cairo there were protests in other parts as well, tahrir and university squares in both cities include high participation of the protesters.
 Social movements which have the least support of the majority group or sometimes even oppose them are divided into superior and inferior groups. Inferior groups are forced away and continue their protests in the spaces with low levels of integration and intelligibility. In these cases, urban areas adjacent to the origin of these forces have been selected. Like Bahraini Shiite protests in Manama’s pearl sq. or Ekhvans Supporters in Cairo’s Rabaa al-Adawiya Sq.
 Social movements spaces have shape up considering the priority of mounted. Selected spaces in social movements are supported by the majority of the selection criteria are appropriate pedestrian movement. Tahrir square and university square in Sana’a are like this.
 In all cases, the governments tried to change the existing relations in space, and control the spaces. The Egyptian governments failed in its efforts to occupy space with security forces and paramilitary forces fans. But the Yemeni government occupied the space by force expelling protesters, and the government of Bahrain took stronger action to capture the space.
Wave of Islamic awakening movement against authoritarian regimes in Persian Gulf Arab states has provided an opportunity to look at the relationship between space and power, and to study the characteristics of the host spaces in these countries. This paper attempts to examine spatial configuration samples using quantitative indicators, the relationship between space and social arrangements productive forces of social movements to be examined from a different angle.
Examining the hosted spaces in the cities of Cairo, Sana’a and Manama shows that there is a meaningful relationship between the formation of social movements in square-like spaces (accumulation) and squares of urban spaces (gathering space) are more preferable compared to urban spaces, streets and cafes.
Public protest experiences in the cities studied as case studies show that, when the social movement considers the support of the majority of social forces, it must be assumed that a space including the properties of space syntax should be considered as the first priority of being chosen as the protest space.

The present study attempts to investigate the relationship between spatial configuration changes of Qom and the central core in the last half century. The main objective of this study is to review the Spatial form of Qom, and analyze the effect of changes in Urban configuration on the central core of the city and the main axes of urban activities during 1946 to 2011 and ultimately, Forecast the future status of the city based on the extensive changes being conducted on the configuration of this religious metropolis in the time horizon of 2021. The findings of this study on the alignment of decisions made with regard to the Qom structure and the Holy Shrine of Fatima Masumeh (AS) as the Central core of the city in the last half century have identified two time periods. The first, Decisions adopted on developmental changes during 1946 to 2011, which weakened the Qom spatial Configuration Values. Second, Future developmental changes during 2011 to 2021 that are expected to lead to improvements in Spatial Configuration Values. Based on Qom morphological analysis in the last half century, this study concludes if the Qom roadmap foreseen for the time horizon of 2021, including construction of ceremonial axis of Prophet (PBUH) boulevard, inner ring roads and completion of urban ring roads happens, then the improvement of global integration, synergy, intelligibility and Choice values in the Central core and other parts of the city are expected.