فهرست مطالب mehdi zare bahram abadi

This study aimed to predict adolescents' tendency to violence based on family conflicts with the mediating role of the quality of parent-child relationships. The present study was a descriptive-correlation type of path analysis. The statistical population of the research was made up of all the boys and girls studying in the second level of secondary school in Ardabil in the academic year of 2022-2023, and a sample of 312 people was selected by cluster sampling method. The tools of this research included the Iranian adolescent's risk-taking scale (IARS, Zadeh Mohammadi et al., 2007), the parent-adolescent conflict questionnaire (PACQ, Younesi et al., 2011), and the parent-child relationship scale (PCRS, Moreland and Shovel, 1983). The data were analyzed using the path analysis method. The results of the path analysis indicated the appropriate fit of the model. The findings showed that there is a positive relationship between family conflicts and adolescents' tendency to violence, and there is a negative and significant relationship between the quality of parent-child relationships with violent tendencies and family conflicts (p<0.01). quality of parent-child relationships played a mediating role between family conflicts and teenagers' tendency to violence (p<0.001). It can be concluded that family conflicts and the quality of parent-child relationships play a key role in adolescents' tendency to violence, and it is necessary to pay attention to these factors in interaction with each other in programs to reduce adolescents' tendency to violence.

 Adolescence is a critical period; the identity formed during this time impacts all major life decisions, including career decision-making. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of an awareness and preparedness model for career decision-making among 11th-grade high school girls in Khorramabad.

Methods and Materials:

 This research was conducted using a sequential exploratory mixed-method design. The study population included 11th-grade female students from Behesht Aein School in Khorramabad during the 2021-2022 academic year. In the qualitative phase, 20 adolescents were selected through purposive sampling, and semi-structured interviews were conducted. The data were then analyzed using conventional qualitative content analysis, and a career decision-making awareness model was developed based on the findings. Then, 30 adolescents were selected through simple random sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups of 15 each. Data were collected using the Dielas Career Identity Questionnaire (1981) and the Betz and Taylor Career Decision-Making Questionnaire (1996). The experimental group received twelve 1.5-hour sessions of the career decision-making awareness model. Data were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis in SPSS version 25.

 In the qualitative results, three main categories emerged: "the process of self-concept discovery," "facilitating factors in the development of career self-concept," and "contextual factors in job selection." In the quantitative results, there was a significant difference between the pre-test (3.87) and post-test (4.8) scores of career identity in the experimental group (P=0.001, ƞ2=0.388, f=17.091). There was also a significant difference in career decision-making scores between the pre-test (2.96) and post-test (3.72) in adolescent girls before and after the career decision-making awareness model (P=0.001, ƞ2=0.893, f=25.327).

 The awareness model intervention, designed considering the context, environment, and teachings relevant to 11th-grade high school girls, led to increased career identity formation and career decision-making readiness. School counselors can utilize this intervention to assist in career identity formation and enhance career decision-making readiness among adolescents.

The student period is an exciting and challenging time for students. During this period, due to facing more stress-inducing factors and the necessity for appropriate adaptation, all students must have greater mental health and self-reliance to achieve greater success in their studies and, ultimately, in their profession. This research aims to investigate the impact of motivational interviewing on social anxiety and academic procrastination among students of the Islamic Azad University, Saravan branch.

Methods and Materials: 

The research method is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population includes all students of the Islamic Azad University, Saravan branch. Forty individuals suffering from social anxiety and academic procrastination were selected via convenience sampling method and introduced as the statistical sample, randomly divided into two groups (each group containing 20 participants) for motivational interviewing and control. The experimental group received concepts and strategies of motivational interviewing by Rollnick and Miller (2002) in eight 70-minute sessions. Solomon and Rothblum's (1984) Academic Procrastination Questionnaire and Connor's (2000) Social Anxiety Questionnaire were used to collect data. Covariance analysis with pre-test statistical control was used to examine the hypotheses of this research.

Based on the results, motivational interviewing explains 63.9% of the variance in post-test scores in the academic procrastination variable and 30.1% of the variance in post-test scores in the social anxiety variable.

Therefore, it can be concluded that motivational interviewing was effective on social anxiety and academic procrastination among students.

The aim of this study is to examine the efficacy of two therapeutic approaches, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and schema therapy in addressing promoting spiritualism and conflict resolution styles among employed women.

A semi-experimental pre-test and post-test design with a control group was employed. The study sample consisted of 45 women who were purposefully selected from employees of Iran Khodro Industrial Group companies in 2022. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: control group (n=15), schema therapy group (n=15), and acceptance and commitment therapy group (n=15). Participants completed questionnaires assessing spiritualism and conflict resolution styles. The research hypotheses were analyzed using mixed design analysis of variance.

The findings indicate that both acceptance and commitment therapy and schema therapy significantly impact spirituality and conflict resolution styles among employed women.

Based on the results, the utilization of acceptance and commitment therapy and schema therapy is recommended to enhance spirituality and improve conflict resolution styles among employed women.

Alexithymia is a type of mood disorder that causes the inability to cognitively process emotional information and regulate emotions. Spouses' Alexithymia is one of the factors affecting couples' incompatibility and interaction, which has a negative effect on their interaction and compatibility. However, there is a research gap in the field of the ability to predict Alexithymia through the ability to process emotional information with the mediation of emotional self-disclosure in the target society, so in this research, the prediction of Alexithymia based on emotional processing with the mediation of emotional self-disclosure in married people is discussed.

The aim of the present study was to provide a structural model for predicting Alexithymia based on emotional processing with the mediation of emotional self-disclosure.

The method of descriptive research is correlation type using structural equations. The research population was all married women who referred to counseling and assistance clinics in Robat Karim city for consensual divorce in the year2019, and 200 people were selected by available sampling method. In order to collect data, Toronto Persian scale of emotional Alexithymia (Bashart, 2007), Emotional information processing questionnaire(Abolmaali,2019) and emotional self-disclosure scale (Snell, 2001) were used. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistical methods and Also, structural equations and Spss, Lisrel software were used..

The results showed that emotional self-disclosure plays a mediating role in the relationship between Alexithymia and emotional processing (p>0.05) and there is an indirect relationship between Alexithymia and emotional processing considering emotional self-disclosure as a mediating factor.

The results of this research showed that there is a direct and meaningful relationship between emotional information processing and Alexithymia, so that among the variables of emotional processing, the variable of weakened and suppressed emotions predicts Alexithymia and in general, Alexithymia in couples can be predicted based on the mentioned variables. Therefore, these factors should be considered in prevention and treatment programs.

The present study was conducted with the aim of studying the mediating role of organizational support in the relationship between self-efficacy and work immersion.

The research method was correlational and structural equations were used. The statistical population included all the employees of the oil company in 1400-1401 and among them, 320 people were selected as a sample using a simple random sampling method. The data collection tool included the questionnaire on the experience of flow at work (Talabighi, 2013), the occupational self-efficacy questionnaire of Riggs and Knight (1994), and the organizational support questionnaire by Eisenberg (1986). Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis using AMOS and SPSS software.

The results showed that job self-efficacy has a direct and positive effect on organizational support and the experience of work immersion (P ≤ 0.001). Also, organizational support had a direct and positive role in explaining the variance of job self-efficacy (P ≤ 0.001).

Organizational support plays a mediating role in the relationship between work immersion experiences and job self-efficacy (P ≤ 0.001). Based on the results of the research, organizations may facilitate the effect of proactive employee behavior by implementing human resource practices and by facilitating transformational leadership behaviors, so it can inspire researchers and practitioners who want to create, strengthen, and facilitate optimal experiences at work.

Marriage is the prelude to family formation and has always been recognized as the highest social custom to achieve the emotional and security needs of adults. Despite the fact that a satisfactory marriage is considered one of the important factors of the mental health of the society, if marriage and family life create inappropriate conditions and dissatisfaction of the couple to satisfy each other's psychological needs, it leaves negative and sometimes irreparable effects (1). One of the biggest social problems in the current human society is family conflicts; Therefore, addressing the issue of marital conflict in order to achieve prevention strategies is one of the most important needs of family education (2).The prevalence of divorce in the country, the increase of marital problems at the beginning of marriage and the existence of few studies in Iran and the world in the field of the effectiveness of the proposed approaches make it necessary to compare these interventions. Also, choosing an effective treatment approach can give therapists and family and couple therapy the right direction. Therefore, this research aims to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and therapy based on schema mentality in increasing cultural values and conflict resolution styles in working women. The results of this research and the solutions provided can be used in counseling and psychotherapy centers, education and divorce prevention centers, marriage and family centers, spouse selection centers and other similar centers.

In terms of the purpose of this research, it was in the applied research group and in terms of the research design, it was a semi-experimental type of pre-test and post-test with a control group. The statistical population of this research was made up of all women working in Iran Khodro Industrial Group companies in 1400. From this society, 45 women working in the companies of Iran Khodro Industrial Group in 1400 were selected purposefully. First, the 36-question quality of life questionnaire (SF-36) was distributed among working women; Then the women who got a low score from the marital quality questionnaire (the lowest score that any person can get is 26 and the highest score is 130) were identified and randomly divided into three control groups (15 people) and an experiment based on schema mentality (15 people) and acceptance and commitment-based therapy (15 people) were included; The number of sample people was 45 people, each of the groups included 15 people. The criteria for entering the research are female employees working in Iran Khodro Industrial Group companies, having a low quality of life, having minimal literacy and writing, not suffering from acute psychiatric diseases (based on the question about psychiatric records); The criteria for leaving the study were absence of more than two sessions and taking psychiatric pills. The implementation method was to first identify women who are dissatisfied with the quality of their married life, then they answered the research questionnaires (cultural values and conflict resolution styles) and the people who scored high in these questionnaires were used as samples. research were selected.

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) has an effect on the conflict resolution styles of working women, so it is suggested that family, marriage and divorce counselors consider the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Approaches (ACT) and schema mentality therapy In solving marital conflicts, they should use these approaches more in their counseling centers.

Treatment based on acceptance and commitment is a more effective method for increasing cultural vales in working women compared to treatment based on schema mentality. In line with the findings of the current research and based on the main components of treatment, Knapp, Norton and Standberg (2015) and Van Chui and Murdock (2017), Stroud et al. (2010), Hudson et al. (2014), Epstein et al. (2017) and Bagaroozi (34) have emphasized. In addition, Bahagra and DeSilva (35) believe that educational and psychological strategies are two key strategies to help couples with intercultural marriages and encourage therapists to use problem-solving techniques to accept cultural differences. In addition to the mentioned contents, according to the findings of Seshadri and Knadson-Martin (36), paying attention to cultural dynamics in intercultural marriages can reduce conflicts between couples. In addition, treatment based on acceptance and commitment to cultural values by increasing gender flexibility, respecting the spouse's culture, recognizing differences, changing the cultural framework and expanding the values and expectations and general understanding of other cultures, reduces stress between It is culturally effective. In therapy based on commitment and acceptance, the goal is for people to learn not to judge and accept their inner events, especially the ones they don't want. Treatment based on commitment and acceptance seeks to teach clients how to get rid of the thought content, how not to try to get rid of it, not to stick to their life story, to live in the present instead of the conceptualized past and future, and the result of all These are to identify values and goals and believe in them. In simpler words, in this therapy, couples learn to serve life and values instead of serving thoughts and feelings and change their lifestyle to increase its quality. Due to the lack of emphasis on cognitive reconstruction and change of thoughts, this therapy emphasizes acceptance instead, and since cultural values are an important component in marital relationships, this therapy can improve beliefs and marital relationships in couples. In therapy based on acceptance and commitment, it can create the recognition in the individual that cultural differences are just differences and do not indicate contradictions or indicators of pathology. This issue causes people to avoid stereotypes and change their ethnic thinking. In addition, it causes people to learn about their values, cultural background and worldview. This issue affects their intercultural abilities and skills in their interactions with people of different cultures (37), it also raises people's cultural awareness and teaches people to express their cultural approaches and views. and increase their cultural tolerance.

Old age is a critical period in life. Due to advances in technologies and improvement in healthy conditions, the number of aged population is increasing. Hence, it is necessary to pay attention to their life satisfaction and attitudes towards aging. The present study aims to assess the effectiveness of a psychological empowerment program on life satisfaction and attitude towards aging in older women living in Tehran, Iran.

The study population consists of all women aged 60-70 years referred to a charity foundation in Tehran, Iran in 2020. Of these, 24 women were selected by a convenience sampling method. They were randomly assigned to the intervention (n=12) and control (n=12) groups. Using a pre-test/post-test design, the elderly first completed the life satisfaction index-Z and the attitude towards aging questionnaire. Then, the experimental group received the psychological empowerment program at 8 sessions. After the intervention, the questionnaires were completed again by both groups. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the collected data in SPSS software, version 19. 

This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University of Arak Branch (Code: IR.IAU.ARAK.REC.1400.027).

There was a significant difference in life satisfaction (F=9.673, P=0.006) and attitudes towards aging (F=8.385, P=0.009) between the two groups. The psychological empowerment program significantly improved life satisfaction and attitudes towards aging in older women. 

The psychological empowerment program is effective in improving life satisfaction and attitude towards aging in older women living in Tehran. It can be used by experts in the fields of counseling, geriatrics, psychology, and health.

The aim of this study was to investigate the causal pattern of the relationship between attachment styles and pain intensity mediated by early maladaptive schemas and difficulty in regulating emotion in patients with chronic pain. Pain is classified not only as a perception but also as a mood and therefore separate from the five senses. Pain is a difficult subject conceptually, and its description and classification have always been difficult so it can be said that the only clear aspect of pain is that it shows the patient's state of mental suffering. The results of some studies have also shown the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and the difficulty of emotion regulation with pain intensity. In addition, disturbance in emotion regulation, which can be caused by the experiences of the first years of childhood, is also effective in predicting psychosomatic and psychological disorders and pain intensity. In general, according to what was mentioned, it seems that without considering psychological factors, it is not possible to improve or reduce the severity of pain, maintain quality of life, and adapt to chronic pain. Mediated by early maladaptive schemas and difficulty in emotion regulation.

The research method is descriptive correlation and structural equation modeling. The population of this study was patients with chronic pain referred to the pain clinic of Erfan Hospital in Tehran in the second half of 2020 where 300 people with chronic pain were selected by convenience sampling. To collect data from the Westhawn-Yale Multidimensional Pain Questionnaire (WHI-MPI; Kerns et al., 1985), Adult Attachment Styles Inventory (AAI, Besharat, 2005), Young's Early Maladaptive Schemas Questionnaire (YSQ-SF; Young, 1999). And the Emotion Regulation Difficulty Scale (DERS; Gertz and Roemer, 2004). Data usage and analysis have been performed using structural equation methods.

The sample of the present study included 300 patients with chronic pain. The average age of study participants (300 people) was reported to be approximately 40 years. The youngest was 20 years old and the oldest was 66 years old. Also, out of 300 people in the sample group, 83.7% (251 people) in the sample group are women and 16.3% (49 people) are men. The results showed that secure attachment style and anxiety through the mediating variables of hoarseness and inhibition, other orientation, and difficulty in emotion regulation, have a significant indirect effect on pain intensity in people with chronic pain.

This means that early maladaptive schemas in the field of listening and restraint, other orientations and difficulty in regulating emotion play a mediating role in the relationship between attachment styles and pain intensity. Therefore, by considering the schemas of the field of distraction and inhibition, other orientations and difficulty in regulating emotion can play an effective role in the severity of pain in people with chronic pain. Based on the results, it was found that attachment styles have an indirect effect on pain intensity in patients with chronic pain, with difficult mediation in emotional regulation. Therefore, the results of the study showed that safe attachment style and anxiety through a difficult mediating variable in emotion regulation, has a significant indirect effect on pain intensity.

The present study was conducted with the aim of predicting family resilience based on marital commitment and psychological capital. For this purpose, a random sample of 296 people was selected from the statistical population of married men and women in tatkab (from West Azarbaijan province). In this research, in order to collect data, McCubbin et al.'s family resilience questionnaire (1986) and Stanley and Markman's marital commitment questionnaire (1992) and Luthans Psychological Capital Questionnaire (2007), were used. The data obtained from the research were analyzed with SPSS-23 software. The results of multivariate regression showed that marital commitment can predict family resilience with 99% confidence and among the components of psychological capital, self-efficacy can predict family resilience with 95% confidence. As a result, in order to face and deal with problems and crises, it is emphasized on preserving family unity and marital commitment and psychological capital.

Old age is a significant period in life and due to the development of science and improvement in health conditions, the number of elderly participants is increasing in various societies. To promote the adjustment of the elderly population in the society, it is necessary to pay attention to their life satisfaction and attitudes toward aging elderly. Therefore, the present study aimed at effectiveness of psychological empowerment on life satisfaction and attitudes toward aging elderly women in Tehran city.

The statistical population included all women aged 60 to 70 years in Tehran in 1399-1400. 24 participants (12 in the control group and 12 in the experimental group) were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups by available sampling method. Using a pre-test and post-test pilot design with a control group, the elderly first completed life satisfaction and attitudes toward aging questionnaires and then performed a psychological application of psychological empowerment in 8 sessions on the experimental group and after the post-test sessions for both groups was presented. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to analyze the data using SPSSV19 software.

Ethical Considerations: 

This study was approved by Research Ethics Committee of Arak of Azad University (Code: IR.IAU.ARAK.REC.1400.027).

The results showed that psychological empowerment training program on life satisfaction (F = 9.673 and p = 0.006) and attitudes toward aging (F = 8.385 and p = 0.009) between the two groups in two stages. Evaluation has made a significant difference. This means that the psychological empowerment program promoted life satisfaction and attitudes toward aging.

Based on the results of this study, it can be said that psychological empowerment program is effective on life satisfaction and aging attitude of older women and the knowledge of experts in the fields of counseling, aging, psychology and health of these trainings can be helpful.

The aim of this study was to predict the experience of Flow at work based on job self-efficacy mediated by organizational support.

The research method was correlational and structural equations. The statistical population was all employees of the oil company in 1401-1400 and 320 people were selected as a sample using simple random sampling method. Data collection tools were the experience of Flow at work Questionnaire (Talabeigi, 2014), the Lutans Psychological Capital Questionnaire (2007) and the Eisenberg Organizational Support Questionnaire (1986). Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data using AMOS 14 and SPSS 24 software.

The results showed that organizational support plays a mediating role in the relationship between experience of Flow at work and psychological capital (00 0.001). P).

The experience of work related flow is beneficial and valuable for the attainment of both individual and organizational goals. Two major implications of the present study need to be mentioned. Firstly, in the context of job design, the HR practitioners may identify and design the jobs in a manner that foster intrinsic flow and optimum motivation among the employees so as to accelerate their creative output. Secondly, industrial/organizational psychologists could design and develop training modules which may foster the PsyCap and work related flow by enhancing self stimulation and intrinsic motivation of the employees.

This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of academic counseling based on the cognitive-behavioral approach on resilience, motivation, and academic emotions of students with academic failure. 

In terms of the purpose of the present research, it was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and posttest design with an experimental group and a control group. The statistical population of this research is all the students of boys' high schools in the 12th district of Tehran, the second grade of the second round, in the academic year of 2019-1400. Among them, 30 were selected by purposive sampling, 15 were equally assigned to the control group, and 15 to the experimental group. In order to collect data, the research measurement tools included Vallerand’s academic motivation questionnaire, Pekrun et al.'s (2002) academic emotions questionnaire, and Martin and Marsh's (2009) academic resilience questionnaire. The subjects of both groups completed the questionnaires at the beginning of the research. Then the experimental group received academic counseling based on the cognitive-behavioral approach, while the control group did not receive any intervention. After the end of the interventions, both groups completed the questionnaires again. Analysis of the data obtained from the research was done in two descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential parts. In the descriptive part, frequency distribution tables were used, and in the inferential part, data analysis was done with the covariance analysis method to check the differences between and within groups. SPSS software version 25 was used for the statistical analysis of data. 

The results of covariance analysis showed that academic counseling based on a cognitive behavioral approach had a significant effect on academic resilience (F = 20.11), academic motivation (F = 42.22) and academic emotions (F = 34.88) (P<0.01). 

Academic counseling based on a cognitive-behavioral approach can improve academic resilience, academic motivation and academic emotions of students with academic failure. Therefore, it is suggested to use this approach to control emotions and increase the motivation and resilience of students in schools through group training.

Students experience different emotions in academic situations. Emotions are always present in educational and clinical environments. Academic resilience also refers to high levels of motivation for progress and performance, despite limited conditions. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of teaching compassion, academic counseling based on a narrative approach, on resilience and academic emotions of students with academic failure.

The research method was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. Using targeted sampling, 30 students from among the students with academic failure from the second grade boys' high schools of the second period of the 12th district of Tehran were determined and randomly placed in the experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). In the pre-test and post-test stages, students responded to the academic excitement questionnaires of Pakran et al. (2002) and the academic resilience questionnaires of Martin and Marsh (2009). The academic counseling protocol based on Pine's (2004) narrative approach was held for the experimental group for 8 sessions.

The results of covariance analysis showed that academic counseling training based on a narrative approach is effective on academic resilience (P=0.001 and F=19.98) and academic excitement (P=0.001 and F=34.001).

Therefore, according to the results of the research, it is suggested that school counselors use group educational counseling trainings based on a narrative approach to control negative emotions and increase academic resilience.

In the field of family counseling and psychology, various approaches have been developed to reduce conflicts and communication disorders between couples. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of McMaster and Nichols family counseling approaches on problem solving ability. The present study is an applied research in terms of purpose and a quasi-experimental study in terms of method with pre-test-post-test design and control group. The study population consisted of all couples referring to counseling centers in Boroujerd in 2020- 2021, from which 36 couples with marital incompatibility were selected as a sample. The tools of the present study included the Family Problem Solving Questionnaire (FPS) (1989). McMaster family therapy intervention was performed in 10 sessions of 1.5 hours and Nickels family therapy in 12 sessions of 1.5 hours each one week; But the control group did not receive any intervention. The research data were analyzed by mixed analysis of variance (with repeated measures). Findings showed that McMaster's family therapy and Nichols's family therapy are effective on problem solving ability in couples (P <0.05). The results also showed that there was no difference between the effectiveness of McMaster's family therapy and Nichols family therapy interventions in adaptation (p <0.05). It can be concluded that McMaster's family therapy and Nichols's family therapy are effective in adapting the couple.

It is one of the important variables that should be considered in people after sleeve surgery. We can refer to psychological well-being. Psychological well-being is defined as the existence of favorable cognitive and emotional psychological documents. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of the psychological empowerment program on emotion regulation in patients with a history of sleeve surgery.

The present study is a semi-experimental type in which a pre-test-post-test design was conducted with a control group with measurement at the baseline after the intervention and three-month follow-up. The number of 50 patients with a history of sleeve surgery referred to Parsian Hospital in Tehran between September 2020 and May 2021, taking into account the entry criteria, 40 of those who were willing to participate in the research (with written consent) were selected and It was done through random replacement in the following way and they were randomly assigned to the psychological empowerment program group and the control group (20 people in each group). All participants completed and measured Garnsefaki's emotion regulation questionnaire in three stages. The aforementioned treatment sessions of the psychological empowerment program (8 sessions of 2.5 hours) were conducted in groups. The data were analyzed using variance analysis with repeated measurements and SPSS-21 software.

The results of the present study showed that the psychological empowerment program was effective on emotional regulation of patients with a history of sleeve surgery, and the stability of this effectiveness continued until the follow-up stage (P<0.001).

It can be concluded that the psychological empowerment program was effective in regulating the emotions of patients with a history of sleeve surgery and it can be used to reduce the problems of patients with a history of sleeve surgery.

Consumer behavior and instant buying behavior has been one of the topics of interest for marketing researchers in recent decades. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the psychological factors affecting instant purchase behavior.

This qualitative study was conducted using a phenomenological approach with the aim of understanding the experiences of people with sudden buying behavior and its consequences. Purposeful sampling method was used and 10 people were selected as the sample according to the rule of saturation and repetition of content. In order to encode the concept information, the sub-main and main structures were determined separately according to Strauss and Corbin theory. In the interviews, the concepts were extracted and after summarizing the duplicate concepts, then the sub-main and main structures were extracted based on them.

According to the findings, causal conditions included two categories of stimuli and cultural factor, stimulus category included internal and external stimuli that caused immediate buying behavior, and culture category included beliefs, attitudes and thought patterns proposed by It was a research sample. Also, the presence of others, price and attractiveness were the determining factors as predictors of purchasing behavior. Another important category in the emergence of purchasing behavior was the beliefs and thought patterns of the participants, which was coded as a category of culture and causal factor due to the roots of these thoughts in cultural norms and values. The consequences of the instant purchase experience in pleasant and unpleasant sub-structures were named.

consumer behavior and impulse buying behavior have been one of the topics of attention of marketing researchers in recent decades; Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the psychological, cultural and media factors affecting impulse buying behavior.

This qualitative study was conducted using an analytical phenomenological approach with the aim of understanding the experiences of people with impulse buying behavior and its consequences. The method of data collection was in-depth interview. Ten experienced impulse buy people in the age range of 20-60 were purposefully selected and subjected to in-depth interviews. In order to analyze the qualitative data and extract the desired categories, the phenomenology method and MAXQDA20 software and the main and sub-themes of the research were identified.

The results showed that based on the coding of research interviews, 50 sub-themes were identified and according to their semantic similarity and affinity, they were divided into 9 main themes including: people's thoughts, emotions and feelings, people's personality, interior design and store environment, context Family education, cultural norms and values, website design, quality and support services, providing effective and extensive advertisements and immediacy were categorized.

research on impulse buying behavior has many practical benefits, by revealing the relative importance of factors affecting impulse buying, effective marketing strategies can be proposed to increase the volume of impulse purchases in a store, or on the other hand, consumers can be helped. to control their immediate buying behavior.

In the field of counseling and family psychology, various approaches have been developed with the aim of reducing conflicts and communication disorders between couples. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of McMaster and Nichols family counseling approaches on couples' adaptability. The present study is a part of applied research in terms of purpose and a quasi-experimental study in terms of the method with pre-test-post-test and follow-up design. The study population consisted of all couples referring to counseling centers in Boroujerd in 2020- 2021, from which 36 couples with marital incompatibility were selected as a sample. The instruments of the present study included the Olson et al Adaptability Questionnaire (FACES-III) (1985). McMaster's family therapy intervention was performed in 10 sessions of 1.5 hours once a week and Nichols's family therapy was performed in 12 sessions of 1.5 hours once a week, But the control group did not receive any intervention. Research data were analyzed by mixed analysis of variance (repeated measures). Findings showed that McMaster's family therapy and Nichols's family therapy are effective in adaptability in couples (P <0.05). The results also showed that there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of McMaster's family therapy interventions and Nichols's family therapy in adaptation (p <0.05). It can be concluded that the use of the McMaster and Nickels model to further study the performance and structure of the family and consequently treatment planning and review the results of family therapy interventions for families is applied on a case-by-case basis.

Consumer behavior and instant buying behavior has been one of the topics of interest for marketing researchers in recent decades. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the psychological factors affecting instant purchase behavior.

This qualitative study was conducted using a phenomenological approach with the aim of understanding the experiences of people with sudden buying behavior and its consequences. Purposeful sampling method was used and 10people were selected as the sample according to the rule of saturation and repetition of content. In order to encode the concept information, the sub-main and main structures were determined separately according to Strauss and Corbin's theory. In the interviews, the concepts were extracted and after summarizing the duplicate concepts, then the sub-main and main structures were extracted based on them.

According to the findings, causal conditions included two categories of stimuli and cultural factor, stimulus category included internal and external stimuli that caused immediate buying behavior, and culture category included beliefs, attitudes and thought patterns proposed by Was a research sample. Also, the presence of others, price and attractiveness were the determining factors as predictors of purchasing behavior. Another important category in the emergence of purchasing behavior was the beliefs and thought patterns of participants, which was coded as a category of culture and causal factor due to the rootedness of these thoughts in cultural norms and values. The consequences of the instant purchase experience in pleasant and unpleasant sub-structures were named.

Therefore, it can be concluded that according to the results of the interviews, the negative consequences were both quantitatively and qualitatively greater than the positive consequences.

This study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between maternal attachment style and early maladaptive schemas and the separation anxiety level of children aged 3 to 6 years in the city of Mashhad.

The research sample consisted of 300 mothers with children aged 3 to 6 years who were selected from kindergartens in Mashhad (Iran) by random clustered sampling method. We used Hazan and Shaver’s adult attachment questionnaire, young schemas questionnaire - short form, and the separation anxiety questionnaire (parents’ form) to collect the data. We also used the correlation coefficient and the path analysis model to examine and test the research hypotheses. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-20 and Amos 20 software.

The results showed that ambivalent and avoidant attachment styles are mediated by the emotional deprivation, abandonment, dependence, and social isolation schemas and predict separation anxiety.

Therefore, among the early maladaptive schemas, emotional deprivation, abandonment, dependence, and social isolation play a mediating role concerning the attachment styles and separation anxiety, which can be used in the design of treatment plans

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotion focused couple therapy on mental well-being and performance of maladapted couple referred to counselling centers.

the present study had a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest, and a control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all incompatible couples (n=30 couples) who had referred to counseling centers in shiraz in 1397, which were selected through available sampling method. Out of these 30 couples, 15 couples were randomly substituted as experimental group and 15 couples as control groups; and individuals in both groups were evaluated using questionnaires before performing the intervention in the experimental group. Data collection tools included the Great Oral and Magyar-Moe Welfare Family Performance Scale, the experimental group received ten 90-minute sessions of emotional treatment, while the control group did not receive any treatments. Data were analyzed by one–way analysis of covariance.

The results of one-way analysis of covariance on the mean scores of post-test of mental well-being and family dysfunction of experimental and control groups with pre- test control, respectively (p<0.0001, F=40.77) and (p<0.0001, F=172.59), which indicates the significance of the effect of emotion-focused couple therapy.

The analysis showed the effectiveness of emotion-focused couple therapy in increasing mental well-being and performance of conflicted couples.

The aim of this research was determine the effectiveness of emotion regulation skills education on internalization symptoms and self-control in adolescents with tendency to risky behaviors.
This study was a quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The research population was adolescent students with a tendency to risky behaviors in the 15 district of Tehran in the 2019-20 academic years. The research sample were 50 people who were selected by random sampling method and randomly assigned to into two equal groups (each group 25 people). The experimental group received 8 sessions of 60 minutes of emotion regulation skills education (two sessions per week) and the control group did not receive training. To collect data were used from risk-taking scale (Zadeh Mohammadi & et al, 2011), behavioral problems scale (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001) and revised self-control scale (Grasmick & et al, 1993) and to analyze them were used from multivariate analysis of covariance method in SPSS-26 with significant level of P˂0.05.
The results showed that emotion regulation skills education significantly led to reduced physical complaints and increased self-control (P˂0.001), but had no significant effect on reducing anxiety/depression and isolation/depression (P>0.05).
According to the results of the present study, using the training emotion regulation skills can reduce the tendency to risky behaviors in adolescents prone to high-risk behaviors and other vulnerable groups by reducing internalization problems and increasing self-control.

Mindfulness-based interventions can focus on the present to free people from unpleasant events of the past and worries about the future, thereby reducing their involvement in high-risk behaviors.

The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of mindfulness and emotion regulation training in the reduction of emotion dysregulation in externalization symptoms in adolescents with a tendency for high-risk Behaviors.

This experimental study was conducted on 74 at-risk high school adolescents in the 15th district of Tehran in 2019. They were randomly assigned to three groups of mindfulness, emotion regulation, and control groups. With a pre-test and post-test control group design, subjects in the intervention groups underwent sessions of mindfulness and emotion regulation training, while the control group did not receive any intervention. All groups were evaluated in pre-test and post-test using Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 18) using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) test.

Based on the results,  there were no significant mean differences among groups in the pretest. Nonetheless, the scores of externalization syndrome in the subscale of lawless behavior (2η=0.19; P<0.01; F=6.31 (53.2)) and aggressive behavior (18/18 0=2nd; P<0.01; F=5.68 (53.2) significantly reduced in two groups of mindfulness and emotion regulation, compared to those obtained in the control group.

Mindfulness-based group training and emotion regulation could be regarded as useful interventions for at-risk adolescents by emotion regulation and reduction of the possibility of risky behaviors.