mojtaba fattahi ardakani

The Qur'an is not only a guide and a guide in religious and moral matters, but it also pays attention to other issues such as health and hygiene in a wider way. This study was conducted with the aim of reviewing the importance of health and prevention in the Quran based on the health belief model.

Methods and Materials: 

This research was conducted based on the qualitative content analysis method in the way of conceptual analysis and interpretation of the text of the Quran and interpretations in order to reach a practical model of using the structures of the health belief model in the Quran.

Based on the results obtained, all the constructs of the health belief model are mentioned in the Holy Quran: perceived sensitivity and severity, perceived barriers and benefits, self-efficacy and action guidelines. So that the importance of paying attention to the body and mind in promoting health is understood sensitively, the ideas and warnings given by the Quranic verses are strongly understood, the benefits of reaching happiness and heaven are understood, the low value tasks are highly valued for the obstacles. , the ability of people as believers in perceived self-efficacy, and finally acting on the advice of religious leaders and the Qur'an are similar to the action guide of the health belief model.

As a guide to human happiness in this world and the hereafter, the Holy Quran is similar to man-made models that are meant to improve people's health, and it can be said that it refers to all the items and factors that affect the individual and social happiness of humans.

Despite the increased use of complementary medicine by diabetic patients, there is no clear estimation of complementary and herbal medicine use by these patients in Iran. This study was conducted to investigate the uses of herbal medicine among patients with type II diabetes in Yazd, Iran, in 2022.

A cross-sectional study was carried out on 633 patients with type II diabetes referred to the Diabetes Research Center in Yazd City from June to September 2022. A questionnaire-based theory of planned behavior developed and validated by the researcher was used for data collection. In addition to demographics and disease-related information, the instrument included questions about using herbal medicine used. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Fisher's exact, and linear regression tests were used to analyze the data.

The most common herb used was cinnamon (34.7%). The majority of patients used herbs daily (56.9%). Using herbal medicine was significantly associated with Attitude (r= 0.48, p< 0.001) Subjective norm (r= 0.39, p< 0.001), perceived behavior control (r= 0.38, p< 0.001) and intention (r= 0.4, p< 0.001). Constructs of the theory of planned behavior 73% predicted intention to use herbal medicine. Subjective norm structure had the highest predictive power of intention to consume herbal medicine (ß= 0.49, p< 0.001).

Subjective norm is the most predictor of intention to use Herbal medicines in patients with diabetes. Therefore, it is very important to pay attention to the beliefs, customs, and culture of the surrounding community in the correct self-management of disease control and the use of effective drug control.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease which affects all aspects of human life. Medical herbs have become increasingly popular as complementary therapeutic measures for patients with diabetes. Thus, the present research aims to explore the consumption of medical herbs in patients with diabetes in Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office (EMRO) countries through a meta-analysis.

The following keywords were searched: medicine, medicinal plants, healing plants, medicinal herbs, use, usage, frequency of use, prevalence, diabetes patients, type 2 diabetes, adults with diabetes, and EMRO countries. The databases searched included Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar.

A total of 3,542 papers were found. After omitting repeated or irrelevant papers, 70 papers were retained. An analysis of the abstract and full text of papers led to the retention of 35 papers. A great variance was found regarding the rate of consuming medical herbs in the papers (16.8-97.7%). The relative frequency of consuming medical herbs was 38% (95% CI: 33-44). Moreover, the most prevalent herbs were fenugreek (19%), cinnamon (18%), black seed (14%), white lupinus (13%), and olive (13%) with a 95% confidence interval. About 70% of patients (95%CI: 62-79) did not inform their physician of their herbal medicine consumption.

In light of the present findings, it can be concluded that patients with diabetes use a wide range of medical herbs. Thus, health specialists and physicians need to be aware of the possible synergic or moderating effect of herbal medicine on the therapeutic measures taken for diabetes.

Strategic management of the wastage produced due to earthquakes has faced many challenges over the recent decade. Thus, the present study seeks to identify and explain the challenges in earthquake wastage strategic management.

The present qualitative study has been steered through a content analysis approach and conducted using semi‑structured interviews and a purposive selection of 17 professors, experts, and managers experienced in the field of waste management in Kermanshah and Varzaghan‑Ahar earthquakes over 2020‑2021. Besides, the interviews were initially categorized using MAXQDA18 software.

Analysis of the experiences and perception regarding the changes in strategic management of wastage produced due to Kermanshah and Varzaghan‑Ahar earthquakes revealed 418 codes, 97 subcategories, 33 categories, and 8 main categories including management and leadership, organizational culture, planning, organizational learning, employee management, rules and regulations, resource management, and procedure management.

Strategic waste management has not been implemented in a coherent, integrated, and well‑planned manner in the cases of the Kermanshah and Varzaghan‑Ahar earthquakes. The challenges of strategic waste management turned out to be due to various reasons which will result in many issues in achieving the goals and selecting the suitable method for resource and procedure management should they not be managed well. Hence, policymakers, managers, and executors in the field of crisis management and waste management in disasters ‑specifically earthquakes‑ must take the necessary measures to remove these barriers.

The deadly novel Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID‑19) epidemic has sickened and killed millions of people around the world. Accordingly, Iran has had the second highest incidence rate of COVID‑19 deaths in the world. Because this disease affects all individual, familial, and social aspects, there is not enough information about experiences of COVID‑19 patients. However, these experiences could be a missing link in explaining their attitudes, beliefs, and concerns for improving care and treatment processes during and after the disease.

Descriptive phenomenological research was conducted in 2020 to explain experiences of 21 COVID‑19 patients after post‑hospitalization recovery. Semi‑structured interviews were used as the data collection tool via purposeful sampling, which were continued until data saturation and analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven‑step method.

The main theme of “value of health” and the seven categories of (1) inefficient self‑care, (2) overcoming the catastrophic crisis, (3) the shadow of death, (4) coping behaviors and resilience, (5) the need for support and accountability, (6) sympathy, and (7) new insights as well as 38 main codes were extracted. The patients’ general explanation in the early stages of the disease, recovery, and subsequent periods included transition from the crisis to new insights into physical, mental, sexual, familial, and economic dimensions that finally led to the review value and concept of their life.

The findings of this study can be used to fulfil care and treatment needs of the patients, their families as well as caregivers, psychologists, counselors, health planners, and managers presently and in the future for similar diseases.

With the rapid increase in the number of elderly people, the need to pay attention to their mental health has become more and more important. Social support plays an effective role in promoting the mental health of the elderly by providing emotional and psychological support. This study was conducted to investigate stress, anxiety and depression and its relationship with social support in the military elderly.

This is a descriptive-analytical study that was performed on 280 military elderly people referred to health care using the available sampling method. Depression, anxiety and stress were assessed using the DASS-21 questionnaire and social support was assessed using Phillips social support questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS-20 software using Chi-square, Fisher and linear regression tests.

The results showed that 49.2% of the military elderly had depression, 42.9% had anxiety and 31.8% had stress. Depression, anxiety and stress showed a statistically significant relationship with education, marital status, chronic illness and economic status (P<0.05). Also, the most predictive areas of mental health were family support (B = 0.38) and friends support (B = 0.34) and the lowest were related to the support of others (B = 0.25), respectively, and all areas of social support were mental health. Was predictive and statistically significant (P<0.05).

According to the results of the present study, it can be said that in the military elderly, there is more depression and anxiety than stress. Family and friend support can play a crucial role in the mental health of the elderly. Therefore, paying attention to mental health status and using determining factors such as social support can be effective in reducing mental health injuries.

In several countries such as Iran, the use of complementary and alternative medical products like herbal medicine is growing. There is, however, a lack of research on the prospects of herbal medicine patrons regarding facilitators and herbal medicine use barriers. The aim of this study was to explain the facilitators and the barriers of herbal medicine use in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.

Qualitative one‑to‑one in‑depth interviews were conducted with patients with T2DM from the Yazd Diabetes Research Center, using a semi‑structured guide. For the recruitment of T2DM participants who used herbal medicine beside conventional medicine, purposeful sampling was used. Analysis of the data was carried out using the steps proposed by Graneheim and Landman strategies.

Sixteen patients were interviewed. There were 2 subjects (facilitators and barriers herbal medicine use), 8 categories, and 89 initial codes. The facilitators included individual preferences, preparation skills, and family support and the factors obstructing the use of herbal medicine included insufficient skills about preparing, lack of easy access to consumption, insufficient of efficacy of herbal medicine, and negative properties of herbal medicine and taking time in preparing herbal medicine.

Although some people use herbal medicine, the interest in use of herbal medicine is limited because of inadequate awareness of the impact and usage them. Therefore, the use of effective strategy in the integration of herbal remedies with conventional medicine can promote well‑being of patients.

Falling is one of the most common and serious health problems in the elderly. As a result of aging, chronic diseases, including joint diseases, increase in the elderly. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of falls and its relationship with joint diseases in the elderly in Urmia.

This study is a cross-sectional (descriptive-analytical) study in which 200 elderly people were selected by random cluster sampling. Necessary information was collected using a two-part questionnaire including demographic information, joint diseases of the elderly and a history of falls in the elderly in the past year. Data were analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression tests in SPSS v.21 software.

The results of this study showed that the rate of falls in the elderly was 30%. Falling was statistically significantly associated with age, gender, marital status and joint disease. The results of logistic regression showed that the chance of falling of the elderly who had one of the joint and bone diseases such as osteoarthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout ... was 6.2 times higher compared to healthy elderly (OR = 6.2 ).  

The findings of this study showed that the incidence of falls in the elderly in Iran is relatively high and in accordance with the effective factors obtained in falls in the elderly, including joint diseases, appropriate and effective preventive interventions should be performed.

Sailors are a unique occupational group in terms of access to medical facilities in times of crisis, such as the COVID-19 epidemic. On the large or small vessels, sailors may spend a long time away from standard medical services. In addition, job restrictions, closed living space, and long distance from family members during long-distance voyages make it difficult for sailors to prevent and treat diseases that occur at sea compared to landlocked individuals. Therefore, due to the nature of their work and travel to different countries through water, sailors are exposed to potential risks of disease.Given the risk of sailors and the importance of disease prevention education in this group, Tele Education is a good opportunity to improve the knowledge of sailors in the field of infectious diseases such as COVID-19 and its prevention. This training can be provided using communication tools. Tele Education for sailors can be done in two dimensions: self-care training for the prevention of COVID-19, and specific self-care training for the prevention of common diseases. In this way, the sailorschr('39') knowledge and awareness will increase and their insights and attitudes in the field of prevention of infectious diseases will be enhanced, and also their performance in this field will be improved that lead to the health and well-being.

The trend of skin cancer in personnel in the open workplace, including sailors, is increasing alarmingly due to exposure to the sunchr('39')s ultraviolet rays. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge and practice of skin cancer prevention in sailors in southern Iran.

This cross-sectional study was performed in 2019 on 330 sailors in Deir port in southern Iran who were selected by simple random sampling. The researcher-made questionnaire was used in two parts including demographic data and knowledge and preventive behaviors towards skin cancer. Data were analyzed using SPSS-20 software.

The mean age of 330 sailors; was 37.9±10.4 years. Sailorschr('39') knowledge in this study was moderate. The majority of sailors (74%) stated that changing working hours is a good way to reduce exposure to sunlight and sunburn. Regarding sunscreen, almost the majority of sailors (66%) reported that they had never and rarely used sunscreen. Regarding skin cancer screening, the majority of sailors (72%) had never had skin screening by a physician.

Despite the abundant evidence on the risk of skin cancer in personnel in the open workplace, including sailors, this group is still not sufficiently aware of the issue. To reduce the incidence of the disease and its potential risks, it is necessary to develop sustainable training programs and implement protective measures for sailors.

Medical and educational care and the creation of special measures to prevent the spread of the disease are of great importance in maintaining the health of seafarers. Direct and immediate access to appropriate medical care always is not available to this group. Given that sailing is a dangerous occupation with a higher mortality rate than many onshore jobs, self-care is the most common behavioral response to prevent common diseases in this group. The most important achievement of strengthening the self-care approach is that sailors make the right decisions about the proper use of health care and choose and implement appropriate self-care behaviors for health problems. Sailorschr('39') self-care can include prevention of occupational diseases, prevention and protection of occupational and mechanical detrimental factors, prevention of ergonomic detrimental factors, prevention of chemical detrimental factors, prevention of physical detrimental factors, prevention of nutritional problems. Self-care in seafarers clearly increases the efficiency and individual skills of sailors against disease. On the other hand, learning self-care activities can lead sailors to stay healthy, increase a personchr('39')s adaptation to the environment and health problems, increase the ability of sailors to take care of themselves, and reduce the incidence of disability and treatment costs.

Patients afety is a global medical concern with remarkable influence on the health of patients. Studies have suggested that treatment-related damages occur in approximately 10% of patients at variable degrees, and more than a quarter of these damages are associated with medication errors. Medication errors could be diminished during patient hospitalization and transferusing integrated medication reconciliation. This study aimed to evaluate the determinants of completing integrated medication reconciliation forms based on the theory of diffusion of innovations among the nurses of Ziaei Hospital of Ardakan City and Imam Jafar Sadegh Hospital of Meybod City, Yazd.

In this study, required data were collected from the nurses engaged in the admission centers of the selected hospitals using researcher-made questionnaires. Data analysis was performed in SPSS v. 19 using Spearman’s correlation-coefficient and Mann-Whitney U test.

Findings of this study regarding different structures of integrated medication reconciliation forms were as follows: relative advantage    (86.5 of the maximum score), perceived compatibility (40.75), perceived complexity (44.3), visibility (83.6), and testability (79.8). Moreover, significant correlations were observed between the structures of comparative advantage, perceived compatibility, testability, and visibility.

According to the results of this study, promoting the knowledge and professional attitude of nurses could increase their compatibility regarding the implementation of integrated medication reconciliation. In addition, elaboration on the proper principles of the completion of this form could reduce the mean score of the perceived complexity structure.

To eliminate the pests of their crops and gardens, farmers use pesticides, where the unsafe use and lack of knowledge of using them inflict irreparable physical harms to them and those around them. Therefore, this study was done to find out which behaviors are the determinants of the safe use of pesticides among pistachio farmers in Ardakan city based on the Health Belief Model. This cross-sectional study, with a descriptive correlational approach, was conducted in 2014 on 301 farmers selected via proportionate stratified random sampling using a researcher-made questionnaire in Ardakan city. The questionnaire consisted of demographic variables and HBM constructs, such as perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, cues to action, and safety behaviors. The mean score of knowledge was 25.64 ± 7.45 out of 38, and the subjects received 60% of the score. In addition, the mean score of perceived susceptibility was 32.72 ± 7.79 out of 55, the mean score of perceived severity was 33.53 ± 8.44 out of 55, the mean score of perceived benefits was 25.99 ± 5.59 out of 30, and the mean score of perceived barriers was 17.99 ± 4.5 out of 30. Other results are presented in the section ‘results’ of the article. Given the mean scores obtained, there is a need for developing a training program based on the results to reduce damage caused by pesticides, with safe measures to be adopted.