فهرست مطالب najmeh hamid

IntroductionBurnout is considered a threat to the mental health of teachers and educational and organizational environments, and identifying the psychological factors affecting it is of particular importance. The purpose of this research was to investigate an structural model of relationship between covid-19 anxiety, quality of life and psychological well-being with job burnout considering the mediating role of social support. MethodThe current research method was descriptive-correlation. 365 teachers from the fourth education district of Ahvaz were selected by random sampling method as research sample. The instrument of this research included job burnout (Meslech, 1981), Covid-19 Anxiety (Alipour et al., 2018), quality of life (World Health Organization, 1996), psychological well-being (Ryff, 1989) and social support (Phillips, 1986). Evaluation of the proposed model was done through structural equation modeling and using SPSS-26 and AMOS-24 softwares. In order to test the indirect effects, the bootstrap method was used.ResultsStructural equation modeling analysis supported the fit of the proposed model with the data. The results indicated that corona disease anxiety has a significant positive effect on job burnout. Quality of life and psychological well-being have significant negative effects on job burnout. Social support has a significant negative effect on job burnout. Corona disease anxiety has a significant negative effect on social support. Quality of life and psychological well-being have significant positive effects on social support. Corona disease anxiety, quality of life, and psychological well-being through social support have significant indirect effects on job burnout. DiscussionAccording to these findings, it can be concluded that by increasing the quality of life and psychological well-being and reducing the anxiety of COVID-19, the level of social support of teachers can be increased so that these factors together provide them with conditions that reduce job burnout and in addition, maintaining and improving the mental health of teachers, it provided conditions for the organization to reduce negative consequences such as absence from work and turnover.

The present study investigated the effect of attention and memory training and improvement software on cognitive ability and emotion regulation in patients with corona virus after recovery. The present research project is a pre-test-post-test experiment with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all the residents of Shadegan city who were hospitalized in the first half of 2021 due to the corona virus in Shahid Moarefi Zadeh hospital (exclusively for corona patients) and then recovered. According to the research design, the sample size was 40 people, who were placed in 2 groups of 20, test and control groups (20 people in test group and 20 in control group) and were selected by simple random sampling method and randomly placed in test and control groups. Also, only the test group was intervened with attention and memory training and improvement software, and finally both groups answered the questionnaires (post-test) again. The research tools were the Garnefski`s Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Nejati`s Cognitive Capability Questionnaire, and attention and memory training and improvement software. Also, descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation, minimum and maximum scores and inferential statistics such as; Levene test and covariance analysis were used to analyze data using SPSS software version 24. The results of covariance analysis of the data have shown that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in each of the dependent variables (P<0.001). That is, the average of the cognitive regulation of emotion and cognitive ability and all the components of these two variables have increased significantly in the experimental group compared to the pre-exam and the control group. Therefore, it can be said that the attention and memory training and improvement software has had a significant impact on the cognitive ability and emotion regulation of recovered patients of corona virus.

The research method of this study was experimental with pretest, posttest, follow-up and control group. The effectiveness of two cognitive-behavioral therapy of pain management and its computerized version were compared with control group. The sample consisted of 45 children with cancer who were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, then randomly divided into three groups of 15 subjects (two experimental and one control group). The first experimental group received pain management CBT for 6 weeks and the second experimental group received a computerized CBT pain management training program for 6 weeks, but the control group received no intervention, for ethical considerations, after the end of the experiment, the control group received two sessions of computerized cognitive-behavioral pain management training. After 6 weeks, each three groups were evaluated as post-test and finally after one month of follow-up.

The results showed that the level of anxiety and pain was significantly decreased in cognitive-behavioral therapy of pain management and its computerized version in comparison with pretest and control group (P <0.0001). These results significantly persisted after fallow up period (P <0.0001). The computerized cognitive-behavioral pain management training had a greater reduction in the pain variable than the cognitive-behavioral therapy of pain management, but this difference was not significant.

love trauma syndromes cause major emotional problems and it is necessary for experts to investigate this issue comprehensively. According to the research, this study sought to investigate the role of emotional pain variables, experiential avoidance, and forgiveness in predicting the occurrence of love trauma syndromes. This research is a descriptive-post event study using the Pearson correlation and regression methods. For this purpose, first, questionnaires on love trauma syndrome (1999), Heartland forgiveness scale (2005), mental pain (2003), and acceptance and action questionnaire (2004) were prepared for women aged 18 to 35 years in Isfahan who experienced love trauma in the last six months at most. The targeted form was sent, and 195 questionnaires were included in the analysis. People's scores in the love trauma syndrome questionnaire were considered as criteria variables and scores in mental pain, experiential avoidance, and forgiveness were considered variables predicting group membership. The results were analyzed by the diagnostic analysis method. The results indicate a significant diagnostic function that explains the variance of the groups formed (P> 0.05). The experiential avoidance scale (r=-0.77), the mental pain scale (r=-0.75), and the forgiveness scale finally have the highest predictive value in differentiating the two groups from each other (r=+0.44). The results showed that people with the experience of love trauma syndrome in the scale of experiential avoidance and mental pain (loss of control, irreversibility, emotional overcrowding, self-estrangement, freezing, confusion, narcissistic injury, and social distance) and forgiveness variable (forgiveness for others and forgiveness for situations) can be distinguished without it. These results can be useful for mental health professionals who are somehow related to youth issues.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of treatment based on positive psychology and cognitive-behavioral therapy on internet addiction and high risk behaviors of second course male students in Yasouj city. The research method was a semi-experimental study with pretest and posttest design and control group. The statistical population included all male students of the second course of high schools in Yasouj city in the academic year of 2020-2021. At first, the Internet Addiction Test was completed by the students and 45 students whose internet addiction score was above the cut-off point (equal to 46) were randomly selected and divided into two experimental groups and one control group (15 subjects in each group) was assigned. Before the implementation of the interventions, the Internet Addiction Test and the Iranian Adolescents Risk-taking Scale were completed by the subjects. After that, experimental group 1 (cognitive-behavioral therapy) and experimental group 2 (therapy positive psychology) were treated in 10 sessions of 90 minutes, while the control group received no intervention. After the session, the post-test was performed and the obtained data were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis. The results showed that both cognitive-behavioral therapy and therapy positive psychology can be effective in reducing internet addiction and high risk behaviors (p<0.001). Also, no significant difference was observed between the two treatments (p>0.05). According to the results, therapists and clinical experts can use cognitive-behavioral therapy and therapy positive psychology as effective treatment approaches in the field of Internet addiction and prevention of risky behaviors.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of job stress in the relationship between anxiety of Covid-19, quality of life and psychological well-being with job burnout of teachers in Ahvaz city.

The current research method was descriptive-correlation type. For this purpose, 365 teachers of the fourth education district of Ahvaz were selected by cluster random sampling. The tools of this research included the Maslech Job Burnout Scale, the Alipour et al. Corona Disease Anxiety Scale, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale, the Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale and the Palis Occupational Stress of Teachers Scale. Evaluation of the proposed model was done through structural equation modeling. In order to test the indirect effects, the bootstrap method was used in Preachers and Hayes program.

The results indicated that corona disease anxiety has a significant positive effect on job burnout. Quality of life and psychological well-being have significant negative effects on job burnout. Job stress has a significant positive effect on job burnout. Corona disease anxiety has a significant positive effect on job stress. Quality of life and psychological well-being have significant negative effects on job stress. The results indicate that job stress plays a mediating role in the relationship between covid-19 anxiety, quality of life and psychological well-being with job burnout of teachers in Ahvaz city.

Based on these findings, it can be concluded that by reducing the anxiety of covid-19 and increasing the quality of life and psychological well-being, the level of job stress of teachers can be reduced so that these factors together provide them with conditions that reduce job burnout.

The sudden outbreak of Covid 19 disease, a deadly disease worldwide, has caused widespread psychological and physical problems. Due to the importance of prevention and control of psychological disorders in exposed individuals, the present study was conducted to investigate the degree of depression, stress, and anxiety due to the prevalence of Covid 19 disease in Ahvaz. In this study, 513 people in the general population of Ahvaz who had access to the Internet were surveyed online. The research instruments were the demographic profile form and the Depression, Stress, and Anxiety Scale (Dass-21). Based on the scale, people are divided into five categories: normal, mild, moderate, severe, and very severe. A higher score on this scale indicates more psychological disorders indicating poorer mental health. Most of the participants were women, and most of them were between 30 and 39 years old. The majority of people were married. Most people were self-employed and had a bachelor's degree. The mean score for depression was 8.53±7.91, the means score for stress was 10.63±9.38, and the means score for anxiety was 6.14±7.16. Employment gender variables were associated with depression, stress, and anxiety (P <0.05), and age, marital status, and education were not significantly associated (P <0.05). During the outbreak of Covid 19 disease, the mental health of people in the community was more threatened and declined, leading to psychological disorders. The need for constant and timely presence and psychological considerations by psychologists is essential.

Repeated diet failure leading to lowered self-esteem, a sense of guilt and even self-hatred. Studies have suggested that attentional biases for food cues may play an essential role in the development and the maintenance of maladaptive eating behaviors. This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of attentional bias modification Food-Related stimuli and food craving in dieters. The method was quasi-experimental with two-group pretest-posttest design. 30 people were selected based on the inclusion criteria and were randomly assigned to the two groups of experiment and control. The experimental group received the intervention attentional bias modification training. To measure attentional bias and interventions Dot-probe task test (MacLeod et al, 1986) and to measure food craving, Food Craving Questionnaire (Cepeda-Benito, 2000) were used respectively. The results indicated that there was a significant difference between two groups in attention bias and food craving in the pre-test and post-test. The results also showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the dimensions of intention and planning to consume food, anticipation of positive reinforcement, anticipation of relief from negative feelings, lack of control over eating, thoughts or preoccupation with food, emotions before or during food craving and guilt from craving (P<0/05).

Depression and love trauma syndrome are characterized by changes in mood and emotions and disruptions in performance.

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of emotion focused therapy on mental pain, experiential avoidance, and forgiveness in women with depression, who experienced a romantic relationship breakup.

In the present study, a semi-experimental, pretest-posttest, control group design with a three-month follow-up was employed. The statistical population consisted of all females, aged 18-35 years, who experienced a romantic relationship breakdown in Isfahan, Iran, in 2021. Thirty participants were selected via available sampling and randomly divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group participated in 10 sessions of emotion focused therapy (90 minutes per session). For data collection, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-V Axis I Disorders (SCID-I), Love Trauma Syndrome Questionnaire (1999), Beck Depression Inventory (1996), Heartland Forgiveness Scale (2005), Orbach & Mikulincer Mental Pain Scale (2003), and Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (2004) were used. Descriptive and inferential data were analyzed in SPSS Version 24, using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).

The results indicated significant differences in the mean scores of mental pain, experiential avoidance, and forgiveness between the experimental and control groups (P<0.001). Regarding these variables, 73.1%, 39.7%, and 80.1% of the variance between the groups in the post-test, and 76.2%, 41.8%, and 77.1% of the variance between the groups in the follow-up were attributed to the effects of intervention, respectively.

The emotion focused therapy was effective in improving the mental pain, experiential avoidance, and forgiveness of women with depression and who experience relationship breakdown. Therefore, this method can be used to improve the emotional health of these women.

The present research aimed to examine the role of perceived stress and positive affect as mediators in the relationship between religious orientation and mental health among students. This correlational research applied the structural equation modeling, and its population was the students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz in the academic year 2021-2022. By the multistage sampling, 311 students were selected. The questionnaires of religious orientation (Maltby, 1999), mental health (1972), and perceived stress (1983) were used. According to the findings, there is a relationship between religious orientation and perceived stress, and between perceived stress and mental health. In addition, there is not a relationship between religious orientation and mental health with the mediation of perceived stress. It is confirmed that there is a relationship between religious orientation and positive affect, and between positive affect and mental health. Positive affect explains the relationship between religious orientation and mental health. There is no significant difference between the two mediating variables. In order to increase students' mental health, it is suggested that internal religious orientation be strengthened and some supportive and educational programs be designed for managing students' stress and increasing their positive affect.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral stress management with positive imagination of recovery on quality of life and general health in the patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The research method was experimental with pre test, post test and control group. The method of this research was a quasi experimental design with pre test, post test and control group. The sample consisted of 30 women with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) who were selected based on clinical interview, diagnosis of internal medicine and gastroenterology and a questionnaire that measures symptoms (IBS). They were randomly assigned to experimental (n=15) and control group (n=15). The experimental group received 10 sessions of cognitive behavioral stress management with positive imagination of recovery in one 90 minute sessions per week. The study data were collected using Goldberg general health questionnaire (GHQ) and quality of life in irritable bowel patients (IBS-QOL) questionnaire in 2 time points; before the intervention and after it. The obtained data were analyzed by analysis of covariance in SPSS V. 22. The results of covariance analysis showed cognitive behavioral stress management with positive imagination of recovery increased general health and quality of life (P < 0.001) in the experimental group compared with the control group at the post test. psychological intervention special cognitive behavioral stress management with positive imagination of recovery can be effective in improving the general health and quality of life of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

The aim of this study is the examination of connection between religious orientation and life satisfaction with mediating effect of religious coping strategies and positive affection. Plan of this study is of solidarity plans type and of structural equations modeling class and statistical community was students of Ahvaz Chamran university were selected and we use religious orientation instruments of Maltby (1999) and religious coping strategies of Pargament (1998) and positive affection scale (1988). Our finding show that religious orientation is connected with religious coping. On the other hand, religious coping is connected with life satisfaction, furthermore, religious orientation is connected with positive affection and positive affection is connected with life satisfaction, also, religious orientation is connected with life satisfaction with mediating effect of religious coping strategies and positive affection, we should say all mediating variables had same effect. It is recommended that for increase of life satisfaction among students we should reinforce religion, religious coping and positive affection.

The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of Habit Reversal Training on Anxiety, Quality of life and Symptoms of Trichotillomania patients. This quasi experimental study was designed with pretest-posttest and control group.

The statistical population consisted of all female patients with trichotillomania disorder referring to the Mashhad medical clinics. A sample of 24 subjects had criteria for entering the research, were available selected and matched from age, educational status, not suffering from acute physical and mental disorder and other criteria considered in this research. Then randomly divided into two experimental (12) and control (12) groups. The experimental administered habit reversal training with cognitive behavior therapy for 8 sessions of 1 hour, while the control group did not receive such training. The data was analyzed by ANCOVA & MANCOVA test using SPSS-21.

The results showed that habit reversal training had a significant positive effect on quality of life, anxiety and symptoms of trichotillomania in experimental group in comparison with pretest and control group (P<0.001), so that the experimental group showed less symptoms of trichotillomania after the intervention and showed higher quality of life.

According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that habit reversal training has a positive effect on quality of life and symptoms of trichotillomania of patients with trichotillomania. Therefore, habit reversal training may be considered as one of the main treatments for this disorder. Practical Implications. Patients with Trichotillomania (TTM) have a high level of stress, which is often alleviated by the habit of hair loss. Cognitive-behavioral therapy combined with habit reversal has a positive effect on the quality of life of patients with Trichotillomania (TTM). Cognitive-behavioral therapy combined with habit reversal has a positive effect on symptoms of patients with Trichotillomania (TTM). The use of cognitive-behavioral with habit reversal interventions to strengthen the will of Trichotillomania (TTM) patients with drug therapy is recommended.

 This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy on psychological well-being and meaning in the life of mothers of children with intellectual and developmental disorders living in Ahvaz City, Iran. 

The research method was experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The study participants included 30 mothers who were selected by random sampling method. Fifteen mothers were randomly assigned to the experimental group and 15 to the control group, and the intervention was conducted for the experimental group. The study instruments included psychological well-being scale and a meaning in life questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed by using a multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS v. 22. 

 Multivariate analysis of covariance showed that the study groups differed significantly in at least one of the dependent variables. F statistics of univariate analysis of covariance for psychological well-being (F=48.32, P≥0.001) and meaning in life (F=51.32, P≥0.001) were obtained in the pretest. In addition, the F statistics of univariate analysis of covariance were obtained for the psychological well-being variable (F=45.61, P≥0.001) and meaning in life (F=33.60, P≥0.001) in the posttest. Therefore, a significant difference was observed between experimental and control groups in the posttest and follow-up stages in the dependent variables (psychological well-being and meaning in life).

 The results showed that compassion-focused therapy significantly improved the psychological well-being and meaning of mothers of children with intellectual and developmental disorders. A follow-up of four weeks also indicated the sustainability of the therapeutic improvements. Consequently, this treatment is recommended to psychotherapists as a valuable intervention for increasing psychological well-being and meaning in life.

Shift work has physiological and psychological consequences for people by causing disturbances in sleep and wakefulness. This issue can also disrupt the functioning of the relevant organization. Considering the duties of the Police Headquarter of the Islamic Republic of Iran, This study aimed to compare job burnout and happiness and their subscales in shift work and office workers of this command in Ahvaz city in Iran.

TThis descriptive-analytical research is a comparative causal type. The statistical population of the present study was all shift work and administrative personnel of the Police Headquarter of Ahvaz city in Iran in 2019, who were identical in terms of social, economic, gender, and other influencing factors. 50 shift workers and 50 office workers were selected by cluster random method. Then the subjects answered the Meslech Burnout questionnaire (1981) and Oxford Happiness Inventory (1989), and the data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) using SPSS 21 software .

100 people participated in this research in the age range of 21-45 years and with an average age of 29.77±5.46 years. The results of the present study showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups of shift and office workers in terms of job burnout and its two components, namely emotional exhaustion (F=7.14; p=0.009) and depersonalization (F=7.33; p=0.008). =p), but there was no significant difference in the component of feeling of low personal accomplishment (F=2.08; p=0.152). Also, the results of the present study showed that between the two groups of shift and office workers in terms of happiness, there was a significant difference in four of its components, i.e. life satisfaction (F=6.97; p=0.010), positive emotions (F=8.31; p=0.005), health (F=6.23; p=0.014) and efficiency (F=7.96; p=0.006), but there was no significant difference in the self-esteem component (F=1.71; p=0.193).

The level of job burnout and happiness in shift workers is higher and lower, respectively, compared to office workers.

Using a scientific- Quranic approach, the present article examines emotional intelligence from the perspective of the American psychologist, Daniel Goleman, and the Holy Quran. To further enrich the discussion, it first deals with the equivalence of intelligence in the Quran and Arabic literature. Then, using a comparative-analytical method, it studies the components that Goleman has proposed for emotional intelligence in detail and compares them with the Quranic verses. The obtained result shows that in expressing the components, the Qur'an considers all the worldly, otherworldly, individual and social aspects of happiness, while Goleman has an individualistic view of man. Besides, the Qur'anic approach comprehensively regards all aspects of human personality and considers man as the representative of God, whereas in Goleman's materialistic view, man is a worldly and pleasure-seeking being. The Qur'an stated the transcendent components of the path of salvation for human beings centuries before the science of psychology was formed, and this is one of the scientific miracles of the Qur'an.

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of habit reversal training (HRT) on anxiety and trichotillomania (TTM) symptoms
This experimental study was conducted using a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The participants were 24 persons who were selected using convenience sampling from among female patients with trichotillomania (TTM) visiting medical clinics in Mashhad. The selected patients were randomly divided into intervention (n = 12) and control (n = 12) groups. The participants in the intervention group attended 8 habit reversal training (HRT) sessions, while the participants in the control group did not receive any intervention. All participants completed the items in the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Hair pulling Scale and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) before and after the intervention. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics including analysis of variance (ANOVA) and chi-square test in SPSS software (version 21).
The results showed that after the HRT intervention, there was a significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of anxiety and trichotillomania (TTM) (P<0.001). The mean scores of anxiety and trichotillomania (TTM) for the participants in the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group and compared to the pretest, indicating that HRT intervention had a positive effect on reducing anxiety and trichotillomania (TTM).
Habit reversal treatment has a positive effect on reducing anxiety and trichotillomania (TTM) symptoms in patients with TTM.

Schizophrenia is one of the most complicated psychiatric disorders. Some afflicted patients show resistance to routine treatments. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique with the potential to reduce symptoms among patients with schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of high-frequency rTMS on auditory hallucinations and working memory among patients with schizophrenia.

This experimental study was conducted using a pretest-posttest controlled design. The statistical population of the study consisted of all patients with schizophrenia and auditory hallucinations who referred to the outpatient psychiatric emergency department of Imam Hossein hospital, Tehran, Iran, in 2019. In total, twelve eligible patients were recruited through convenience sampling and randomly allocated to a control and an intervention group. Participants in the intervention group individually received rTMS in ten sessions, while their counterparts in the control group received no intervention during the study. Data were collected using the diagnostic interview, the screening questionnaire for rTMS, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for schizophrenia, the Varieties of Inner Speech Questionnaire, and the Working Memory Measure. Data analysis was performed using univariate and multivariate analyses of covariance.

The posttest mean score of auditory hallucination in the intervention group was significantly less than the control group, while the posttest mean score of working memory in the intervention group was significantly greater than the control group (P < 0.05).

This study suggests the effectiveness of rTMS in significantly reducing auditory hallucinations and improving working memory among patients with schizophrenia.

Alexithymia and lack of understanding and expression of emotions are very common in patients with epileptic seizures. Psychiatric non-epileptic seizures are among the disorders that have epilepsy-like symptoms, and are often confused with epilepsy. The aim of this research was to study the effectiveness of partner-assisted emotional disclosure therapy on alexithymia in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES).

In this research, a single case experimental design with multiple asynchronous baseline was used. The research population was all patients with non-epileptic psychiatric seizures who referred to psychology and neurology clinics in Ahvaz City, Iran, in 2018. The effectiveness of 6 sessions of partner-assisted emotional disclosure therapy on alexithymia was evaluated at three stages of baseline, posttest, and follow-up. Three patients were purposefully selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data gathering tool was Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS). For data analysis, the Reliable Change Index (RCI), clinical significances and visual inspection were used.

The RCI for the alexithymia variable in the first to third patients was 4.46, 2.72, and 4.83, respectively. According to RCI > 1.96, the reliable change index was significant. Moreover, the recovery rates for the first to third patient were 50%, 29%, and 52%, respectively, which indicated the success of treatment in the first and third patients, and relative success in the second patient.

The partner-assisted emotional disclosure therapy is effective in reducing alexithymia in patients with non-epileptic seizures.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of high frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation on inner speech and working memory in schizophrenic patients.

This study was a pretest-posttest experimental design with control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of all schizophrenic patients referring to the outpatient department of Imam Hossein hospital in 1398, 12 of whom were selected by convenience sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria then were assigned randomly into two groups of 6 each. High frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment (20 Hz) was used for experimental group but the control group received no intervention during the study. The instruments were the positive and negative syndrome scale in schizophrenia, the Inner speech questionnaire, and the Daneman and Carpenter working memory questionnaire before and after the intervention. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and one-way covariance analysis (ANCOVA) and multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that there were significant differences between experimental and control group(p<0/005). The rate of inner speech significantly decreased in comparison with pretest and control group, but the rate of active memory increased.
 

repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), significantly reduced inner speech and improved active memory.

Due to the prevalence of depression and the existence of weakness in the functions of depressed people, it seems necessary to study and evaluate various treatment methods in the field of cognitive functions, including working memory.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Captain Log cognitive rehabilitation software on auditory and spatial working memory of people with depressive symptoms in Ahvaz.

The method of this research was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest design and control group. The population of this study included all people with depressive symptoms who referred to psychology and psychiatric centers in Ahvaz and the web pages of these centers in 2009-2010. The sample of this study included 30 subjects with symptoms of depression who announced their admission to these centers and were matched in terms of having criteria for entering the research such as acquering a score of 14-28 based on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and one standared deviation below the mean on the Wechsler Active Memory Profile Test - Third Edition) were selected. After matching in terms of gender, age, education, socio-economic status, lack of acute physical, psychological diseases and other criterias considered in this research were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group administered cognitive rehabilitation for 10 sessions using Captain Log software, but the control group did not receive any intervention. After the intervention and post-test, the data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance(MANOVA) and analysis of covariance(ANCOVA) by SPSS-24.

The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of auditory and spatial working memory (p <0.001). The rate of auditory and spatial active memory in the experimental group compared to the pretest and control groups significantly increased. Captain Log cognitive rehabilitation software has a significant effect on the auditory and spatial working memory of depressed people (p <0.001).

This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and behavioral activation program on craving and physical pain symptoms in opioid-dependent people.

The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all drug-dependent people referred to addiction treatment clinics in Ahvaz in 2019 (60 people) from which 45 people were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly placed into two experimental groups (each 15 people) and the control group (n=15). To collect the data, the post-detoxification craving and temptation scale and the physical symptom checklist-90-revised were used. Data analysis was performed using analysis of covariance.

The results showed that both treatments of tDCS and behavior activation treatment significantly reduced craving, but had no significant effect on physical pain symptoms. In addition, there was no significant difference between the effects of the two treatments on craving and physical pain symptoms.

These two treatments are effective in reducing craving. Although these treatments are applied in different ways, the mechanism of their evidence and effectiveness is based on replacement and compensation. Therefore, it is suggested that in future research, an experimental group be used in two different time periods and both techniques be performed on a fixed experimental group and the results be compared.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of compassion mindfulness training (CMT) in symptoms of social anxiety disorder and cognitive emotion regulationstrategies of female students with social anxiety disorder (SAD) of Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz. In this research, a single case experimental design of multiple baseline type has been used. All female volunteer students living in the dormitory of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz who were studying in the academic year of 2016-2017 completed Connor Social Anxiety Questionnaire (2000).Among the students who had the highest score from the cut-off point, four subjects who received a diagnosis of social anxiety disorder according to DSM-5, were selected by purposive sampling. The subjects were trained for 8 weeks and one session per week. They were assessed by Connor Social Anxiety Scale and Garnfsky Emotion Cognitive Regulation Scale (2001), before treatment, during treatment, and after treatment at the two-, four-, and six-week follow-up stages. Data were collected through clinical interview, Special anxiety inventory (SPI) and Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). Visual analyze, percent of improvement and reliable change index were used to analyze of data. Results showed that compassion mindfulness training (CMT) lead to reducing the symptoms of social anxiety disorder, increasing adaptive cognitive-emotion regulation strategies and decreasing adaptive cognitive-emotion regulation strategies in subjects with social anxiety disorder. Two-, four-, and six-week follow-up indicated relative stability of the changes.

Rumination, as a maladaptive cognitive strategy, is effective in various disorders such as depression. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rumination as a mediator in the relationship between anxious and avoidant insecure attachment with depression. In the study, 120 people with depressive disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and anxiety were selected Purposefully from Mehr Hospital. The respondents answered the Rumination Response Scale (Nolen-Hoeksema, & Morrow, 1991), Beck Depression Inventory (Beck et al., 1961), and the Experiences in Close Relationship Questionnaire (Brennan et al., 1998). Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling. The results showed that rumination significantly mediated the relationship between anxious attachment and depression. In this study, the relationship between rumination and avoidant attachment was not confirmed. Based on the results of the study, anxious attachment style can play a role in the formation of depression by affecting the amount of rumination.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of high frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment (20 Hz) on auditory hallucinations, inner speech and working memory in schizophrenic patients.

This study was a pretest-posttest experimental design with control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of all schizophrenic patients referring to the outpatient department of Imam Hossein hospital in 2019, 12 of whom were selected by available sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria then were assigned randomly into two groups of 6 each. High frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (r TMS) treatment (20 Hz) was used for experimental group but the control group received no intervention during the study. The instruments were the positive and negative syndrome scale in schizophrenia, the inner speech questionnaire, and the Daneman and Carpenter working memory questionnaire before and after the intervention. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, and one-way covariance analysis (ANCOVA) and multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that there were significant differences between experimental and control group (p<0.005). The rate of auditory hallucinations and inner speech significantly decreased in comparison with pretest and control group, but the rate of active memory increased.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (r TMS) treatment (20 Hz) significantly reduced auditory hallucinations, inner speech and improved active memory.